Abstract

This article explores the intricate relationship between evil and the mind through the lens of Middle Eastern philosophy, particularly focusing on the myth of Zahhak from Persian literature. It examines how Zahhak's transformation from a noble figure to a tyrant illustrates the interplay between internal desires and external influences in the manifestation of evil. By analyzing the philosophical implications of free will, moral responsibility, and the societal factors that shape ethical decision-making, the article highlights the complexities of human behavior and the moral dilemmas faced by individuals. Ultimately, it serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of unchecked ambition and the importance of self-awareness in navigating the moral landscape of contemporary society.