Abstract

From near the end of eighteenth century, the scholars’ mentality toward the Bible was greatly changed. Before this time, thinking about the Bible was under the authority of church doctrines. But the increasing dissatisfaction of the way ecclesiastical authorities use the Bible, the growth of deism, and the aggressions of enlightenment end to a new age of criticism. The critics addressed the Bible as a human work and a product belonged to an age of human history. They examined it carefully, and challenged almost all aspect of it. Their views about the real authors of the book, its contradictory matters, and historical, scientific and geographical errors cause its position to be declined. Those Christians who considered the Bible as an infallible book guiding humans to happiness tried to find out some general or particular solutions to answer objections. Introducing the critical movement of the Bible and its results, this paper will classify all solutions under four titles superficiality of contradictions, the analogical interpretation, the original copy and unlawfulness of criticizing the Bible.