Abstract

Based on different historical and cultural background of the formation of different logical traditions, there are both common specificity, so that only two logical comparative study based on historical analysis and cultural interpretation, in order of their similarities and differences and make a reasonable analysis instructions. Were relying on the pre-Qin culture school debate, because that science relies on ancient Indian culture, these two cultural characteristics and needs of both common but also personality, and thus the resulting logic is similar with the two differences exist. This was reflected in the following areas: nature, purpose, mission and principles of logical features, argument form, the dominant type of reasoning and inference component analysis, fallacy theory, follow-up development status. A logic system bears the characters of its own, of which some are in common and some are particular to the others for they came out from different historical and cultural backgrounds. A comparative study of two logic systems should base on the analysis of their historical background and the interpretation of their cultural host. Ancient Chinese Logic and argumentology depend on Pre-Qin culture of China and Hetuvidyā was embedded in ancient Indian culture. We believe that both similarity and differences exist in the two logic systems bore their the general and specific character of these two culture, so the similarity and differences these two logic systems present, principally, in essences and aims and task and principles, in logic characters, in the form of argument, in the way of inference and its analyzing of the composition of reason , in false theory, and in the status of follow-up development