Abstract

In recent years, the conjunction of far-right agendas with those of the anti-vax movement has spread disbelief in science and turned the reinforcement of individualism into a way to erode the social fabric. In this text, by means of a review of specialized literature, we propose to discuss the strengthening of vaccine citizenship, a phenomenon that involves not only the construction of citizenship but also trust in scientific knowledge. Two are the axes of our analysis: a) civic education to address vaccine hesitancy and refusal, and b) the importance of cooperation between Citizenship Education and Scientific Education for the development of critical thinking and the ability to assess the effects of scientific knowledge on society. To identify studies that have investigated the social nature of vaccination-related decisions and practices and those that have identified ways in which educational processes have been able to strengthen vaccine citizenship, we used bibliographic and documentary research as methodological strategies. As final recommendations, we suggest that the praxis involved in vaccine citizenship requires Citizenship Education for its realization to demand scientific literacy, just as Scientific Education requires scientific knowledge’s commitment to global citizenship so that it can be transformed into practice and action in the real world.