Abstract

This study continues our previous studies addressing molecular sociology. The idea of evil has been argued from philosophical and religious dimensions. Evil may refer to moral concepts and ethics in philosophy, and it is opposite to good. In religions, the idea of a devil is thought to be the driving motives for evil. In this study, we introduce a new concept of evil and devil based on our previous studies and that of others, taking into consideration that we may have conflicts with philosophical and religious explanations of evil. Evil has been described as supernatural forces deviating the behaviors. We think that evil may be perceived as cognition abnormality, which, in turn, is affected by micro-environmental factors. Environment and gene create a behavior. Our micro-environment has various elements made of microbes, heavy metals from the external environment, and absent certain essential chemicals that interfere with the nervous system, including vitamins such as Vitamin D, and Vitamin B12. Several studies, including ours, have demonstrated that deficiency of testosterone was one of the predisposing factors leading to severe depression and addiction. Other studies showed an association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression and suicidal ideas. We demonstrated that mothers exposed to lead during pregnancy gave mentally retarded babies. These cases were diagnosed as mentally retarded by inheritance. We also demonstrated that prisoners had higher levels of lead compared with the control group. Those exposed to heavy metals are more irritable and have a low threshold to violence. Microbes have new roles rather than being infectious agents and interfere with behaviors, including Toxoplasma gondii. We found that the interactions of microbes with the host are more important than we thought before. Microbes may be involved in obesity and diabetes, which has behavioral impacts. From the previous context, evil and devil can be perceived from a new approach which may change our perception for the motives of evil and devil may also be perceived as chemicals and microbes circulating in our blood and shape the way by which we look for the life in general.