Abstract

In this paper author analyzed the process of the birth of Christianity and its inflence on the formation of political society and main approaches to understanding political human in the Middle Ages. Actuality of the topic is in identifiation of main characteristics of political human and social relations, that were formed on the basis of theological doctrine. Purpose of the article – to determine the socio-political nature of human in the philosophical and theological conceptions of the Middle Ages. The political thinking in Middle Ages was in dispute between the secular and ecclesiastical authority. The ideological contradictions reflcted in the evolution of the image of «political human» gave him a religious gradation. The principle of private life is not a political general public interests, but spiritual temporary existence. Theoretical conflct in the political thought of the Middle Ages concerning the authority of church and state, has led to the discovery of new laws of essence the conscience, faith and morals, addressed to the inward man.