Abstract

Solving the Combination Problem in Philosophy of Mind Introduction The combination problem is a major challenge in philosophy of mind, particularly for panpsychism—the view that consciousness is a fundamental feature of the universe. The problem asks: How do simple conscious experiences (such as those of fundamental particles or micro-level entities) combine to form the rich, unified consciousness of a human being? Despite various philosophical attempts, there is no widely accepted solution. However, by applying the universal law of balance in nature, we can propose a new framework for addressing this problem, integrating scientific and philosophical perspectives. Understanding the Combination Problem The combination problem arises because panpsychism suggests that even the smallest physical entities possess some form of consciousness. If this is true, then for human consciousness to emerge, these micro-consciousnesses must somehow combine. However, the process by which separate, independent conscious experiences merge into a unified whole remains unclear. Philosophers have suggested several possible explanations: 1. Emergentism – Consciousness at the human level is a new property that arises from complex arrangements of micro-conscious entities. 2. Fusion Theory – Micro-conscious entities literally fuse together into a new, larger conscious entity. 3. Holism – Consciousness exists at many levels, and the whole is always more than the sum of its parts. Each of these theories has difficulties, particularly in explaining how separate conscious states blend into a single, unified experience. Applying the Universal Law of Balance The universal law of balance in nature, as developed in my universal formula, provides a potential solution to this problem. This law states that all natural processes—including consciousness—are governed by a balancing mechanism that maintains equilibrium. 1. Consciousness as a Feedback System Rather than thinking of individual micro-consciousnesses as separate entities that must merge, we can view them as feedback mechanisms within a larger self-organizing system. The brain and nervous system act as an orchestrator, balancing and integrating these micro-level processes into a unified experience. This aligns with the homeostatic principle in biology, where equilibrium is constantly maintained across multiple levels of complexity. 2. Quantum Coherence and Integration Modern physics provides another perspective. In quantum mechanics, entangled particles share information instantaneously, even across large distances. If consciousness follows a similar pattern, then micro-consciousnesses do not need to “combine” in a traditional sense but instead synchronize through an underlying field of information. This is supported by orchestrated objective reduction (Orch-OR), a theory by Roger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff, which suggests that consciousness emerges from quantum processes within the brain’s microtubules. If true, the combination problem is solved not by physical fusion but by coherence within a larger, unified structure governed by balance. 3. The Role of Self-Organizing Systems Nature provides many examples of self-organization, from flocking birds to the formation of galaxies. Consciousness could be another example of a system where smaller elements interact dynamically to create a stable, higher-order reality. Instead of struggling to explain how micro-consciousnesses merge, we can see them as nodes in an interconnected network—each maintaining its own function while contributing to the whole. Conclusion The combination problem remains one of the deepest mysteries in philosophy and science. However, by applying the universal law of balance in nature, we can reframe the problem: rather than searching for a way to “fuse” micro-consciousnesses, we should investigate how balance, feedback mechanisms, and quantum coherence create an integrated whole. This perspective suggests that consciousness is an emergent, self-organizing system that follows universal principles of equilibrium. Future research in neuroscience and quantum physics may provide experimental validation, bringing us closer to understanding the true nature of consciousness. By adopting this holistic approach, we move beyond traditional debates and towards a more scientifically grounded solution to the combination problem.