Heidegger in Zahod Heidegger and the West

Phainomena 49 (2004)
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Abstract

Martin Heidegger enako kot Hegel sledi ideji, da je “biti v napredku” odločilno za konstitucijo evropskega Zahoda. Medtem ko Hegel genezo Evrope prikazuje kot »napredek z zavestjo o svobodi«, Heidegger trdi, da ta napredek v sebi vključuje moment izničenja, ki danes prevladuje v vseh življenjskih vidikih. Uničevalne vojne 20. stoletja so najmanj znamenje problematične indiference do znanstveno-tehnološke moči, tako da Auschwitz pridobi pomen cezure. Glede na to cezuro in fenomenološki pojem demokracije Klausa Helda skuša pričujoči članek podati kritiko vedno silnejše ekspanzije pojma Evrope: še posebej njene zahteve po zajetju načel začetka, zgodovine in političnega okolja. »Biti v napredku« istočasno pomeni tudi biti v gibanju inverzije, ki je zunaj vsakega nadzora. S tega stališča Evropa ni temelj zgodovine, marveč v sami sebi in po sebi zgodovinski fenomen. Inverzna povezava nakazuje usodnostno dimenzijo zgodovine, ki jo Heidegger poimenuje okcidentalni vidik Evrope . Ta razsežnost je v odlikovanem smislu usmeritev naše sedanjosti.Like Hegel, Martin Heidegger pursues the idea that “being-in-progress” is decisive for the constitution of European Occident. Whereas Hegel expresses the genesis of Europe as “progress in awareness of freedom”, Heidegger maintains that this progress involves a character of annihilation which is now prevalent in all aspects of human life. The wars of extermination in the 20th century are at least an indication of the problematic indifference of scientific-technological power, and Auschwitz thus acquires the meaning of caesura. Arising from this caesura and in contention with the phenomenological concept of democracy from Klaus Held, this essay criticizes the increasing expansion of the concept of Europe: specifically its claim for covering the principles of beginning, history and political environment. This essay shows that “being-in-progress” also means being simultaneously in a movement of inversion, which is beyond our control. From this point of view Europe is not the foundation of history but a historical phenomenon in and of itself. The inverse relation indicates a fateful dimension of history which Heidegger calls the occidental aspect of Europe . This dimension is in an eminent sense the destination of our own present

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