Abstract

The collapse of Marxism has left Russia with what many describeas an "ideological vacuum," the implication being that some other single, comprehensive world view either should or inevitably will take the place of the Communist ideology. Nikolai Kosolapov addresses this subject in the lead article of the present issue, analyzing the concept of ideology and examining the question of whether any country has need of an "integrative" or commonly shared, unifying outlook. Kosolapov believes that Russia, as a great nation aspiring to a position of leadership in the world, does have such a need, but he is also convinced that none of the currently available non-Marxist alternatives-Western liberalism, a "third world" ideology, or the religious orientation now enjoying such popularity in Russia-is suited for the task. Consequently he seeks to identify, in general terms, the characteristics of an integrative'ideology that would be appropriate for Russia. In his view, this would be a humanistic ideology that transcends the Slavophile-Westemist opposition, is not mystical or religious, does not reflect any particular class or state interest, draws on thefindings of the social sciences, and is tolerant of its competitors. Kosolapov also makes clear that, while he holds no brief for Marxism as such, in regard to socioeconomic organization he believes that socialism comes closest, "ideologically, practically, and politically," to providing optimum conditions for the life and development of society.