Die vorliegende Arbeit fokussiert erstmals die Ursprünge des zeitgenössischen Bildertheaters, welche sich bis ins ausgehende 19. Jahrhundert zurückverfolgen lassen. Das Untersuchungsfeld umfaßt einen Zeitraum von ca. fünfzig Jahren, in denen ein grundlegender kulturhistorischer Paradigmenwechsel vonstatten ging. Als ein Symptom dieses Wandels kann die allmähliche Veränderung der Funktion und Bedeutung des Optischen auf dem Theater angesehen werden, welche im Zentrum des ersten Hauptteils steht.

In this article, we investigate the role of self-efficacy in intentional habit building. We analyzed event sampling data from a habit building app we created that helps define and track habit data. We used hierarchical growth curve modeling and multilevel mediation to test our hypotheses. In a first study, N = 91 university students built new study habits over a period of 6 weeks in a controlled study. We found that the trait-like general self-efficacy predicted automaticity but not the experience (...) of motivational interference. In a second study with real user data, N = 265 idiographic habits have been analyzed. The specific SE associated with these habits – habit-specific self-efficacy – was measured during habit formation. We found that lagged HSE predicted automaticity and that lagged automaticity predicted HSE, indicating a positive feedback mechanism in habit building. Furthermore, we found that lagged HSE predicted less MI during habit performance. A multilevel mediation analysis showed significant effects of lagged HSE and aggregated HSE on MI, which were both partially mediated by automaticity. These results show the importance of defining the specificity of SE beliefs and how they interact with automaticity in the habit building process. (shrink)