This book assesses the impact of the work of Chris Brown in the field of International Political Theory. The volume engages with general issues of IPT as well as basic issues such as the use and role of practical reasoning and presents a nuanced understanding about issues regarding the legitimacy of war and violence. It explores questions that pertain to human rights, morality, and ethics, and generally an outlook for devising a ‘better’ world. The project is ideal for audiences with (...) interest in International Relations, Ethics and Morality Studies and International Political Theory. (shrink)

We live in the anthropocene, the era of global warming. How are Americans responding to this predicament? To answer the question we need a philosophical concept of a collective mood and then empirical support to make it concrete. The result is a collective ground state. It has gone through the stages of confident prosperity, the dissolution of that confidence, the present state of anxious disorientation, and the hopeful prospect of grounded responsibility.

Sweet describes the pragmatic foundations of standard logic and applies these foundations to the task of developing a theory of intended models as an extension of standard model theory in which the relevant "intending" is represented pragmatically. Methods of formal logic are used to investigate the structure of the relation between language and the world. The truism which holds that this relation includes the speaker as well as the object spoken about is formally explicated and applied to the problem of (...) illuminating one of the deepest phenomena in standard model theory: the existence of non-isomorphic models of complete theories. To this end it is shown that standard logic admits pragmatic foundations upon which a theory of intended models can be built as an extension of standard model theory. The relevant "intending" is represented by the very forms of verbal behavior which determine the grammatical and logical structure of the sentences whose referential meaning is in question. The uniqueness properties of the class of intended models may then be described. The first section of the book states the immediate goal of standard pragmatics as that of recovering the algebraic structure first-order logic by means of a purely pragmatic construction. The second section, the major portion of the work, then provides the foundation for a semiotic theory of intended models and referential meaning. The theory is then applied to the problem of referential indeterminancy, which has been associated with the phenomenon of scientific revolutions. The theory is also applied to the problem of the apparent synonymy of observationally equivalent theories. Sweet concludes that such theories are not referentially synonymous in any natural sense which is analogous to the paradigm sense in which theories of alternative scales of measurement are referentially synonymous. A novel feature of this book is the formal explication of the idea that the factors, pragmatical in nature, which distinguish the actual meaning of a sentence from among its possible meanings, whose range is defined by the manner in which the sentence is parsed, determine that very parsing. Applicability to natural language of the model-theoretic semantics thereby obtained is made possible by another feature of the book: the development of a theory of locally standard grammar which provides the foundation for representing the structure of natural language as that of standard first-order logic, in a local, as distinguished from a global, sense. This book is intended for scholars in logic, semiotics, and the philosophies of language and of science. Those concerned specifically with such philosophers as Peirce, Martin, and Davidson will also find the study valuable. (shrink)

In this paper we describe a framework for the construction of entities that can serve as interpretations of arbitrary contiguous chunks of text. An important part of the paper is devoted to describing stacking cells, or the proposed meanings for bracket-structures.

A fundamental part of the process of referring to an entity is to categorise it (for instance, as the woman). Where multiple categorisations exist, this implicitly involves the adoption of a conceptual perspective. A challenge for the automatic Generation of Referring Expressions is to identify a set of referents coherently, adopting the same conceptual perspective. We describe and evaluate an algorithm to achieve this. The design of the algorithm is motivated by the results of psycholinguistic experiments.

Originally published in 1969. Ideas about Substance is a part of the "Seminars in the History of Ideas" series at Johns Hopkins University Press.

La vision de la République que diffusent ses idéologues contemporains n’est plus celle qu’en donnait Durkheim à l’époque du combat contre l’Église. Une des grandes différences tient à ce qu’elle institue un droit d’entrée à la citoyenneté : ne peuvent prétendre au titre de « vrais » citoyens que ceux qui adoptent et se plient sincèrement aux valeurs de la « nation ». Au contraire de cette définition exclusionniste de la République, accomplir la démocratie, c’est avoir le courage de refuser (...) de n’exclure aucune des multiples voix qui s’expriment – même les plus odieuses. Cela implique aussi de comprendre la nature des phénomènes de domination envers des « minorités », bien au-delà de la seule question « post-coloniale ». (shrink)

Modified version of a text originally published in www.klanglandschaft.org Einleitung Klangereignisse haben als wesentlich zeitgebundene Phänomene, die Fähigkeit, das zeitliche Gewebe um uns zu artikulieren, deutlicher wahrnehmbar und erlebbar zu machen. Bei menschlichen Interaktionen nimmt die zeitlich/rhythmische Verteilung und Formung klanglicher Äußerungen eine zentrale Stellung ein. Klangliches hat also wesentlich Anteil an der - Musique et Musicologie – GALERIE – Nouvel article.

Excerpt from The Problem of Life I must here relate that I had many obstacles to contend with in publishing this book. I lost one entire Chapter of the Manuscript, The Social Economy, it accidentally being burned, and not feeling well and energetic at the time I had to finish up the book without this last Chapter, but the Pamphlet accompanying each Problem of Life book, practically contains the same theories and principles that the Social Economy held. A few years (...) ago I Visited Florida, and in my wanderings in that romantic Country I met with a Farmer, who wasalso a printer in a small way, who undertook to print my book on his small hand press, one page at a'time, when not occupied with his duties on the farm. So you see it was a big undertaking, and not a very easy job to print 500 Copies, - but he did gt Thus the publishing of this little book was quite a problem in itself. But my publisher has solved his part of the work well. Thus, although this book was written in a great Northern City, midst its noises and bustle of commerce and industry, and midst a sea. Of humanity in all its phases of human nature it was print ed far away in the South, in a beautiful Ideal hammock home, midst Magnolias and Palms swaying and murmur ing love to breezes scented with Jessamine. Where the song of the Mocking Bird, the cricket, and the whip-poor-will soothe the Soul. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. (shrink)