The dynamic models are proposed to investigate the influence node activity has on rumor spreading process in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. Different from previous studies, we believe that the activity of nodes in complex networks affects the process of rumor spreading. An active node can have contact with all the nodes it directly links to, while an inactive node could only interact with its active neighbors. We explore the joint effort of activity rate, spreading rate and network topology on (...) rumor spreading process by mean-field equations and numerical simulations, which reveals that there exists a critical curve consisting of critical activity rate and spreading rate; meanwhile, activity rate and spreading rate both have influence on the final rumor spreading scale. (shrink)

Resumo: Como uma pérola brilhante na cultura tradicional chinesa, Mulan está profundamente enraizada no coração das pessoas com sua imagem única de heroína feminina. Este trabalho busca retratar a experiência lendária da luta heroica de Hua Mulan, no exército, no lugar de seu pai, e integrar os elementos centrais de família, honra, lealdade, dentre outros, no contexto da cultura oriental, de modo que a história tenha profunda herança cultural. O artigo mostra, em primeiro lugar, o complexo cultural oriental que está (...) claramente refletido em Mulan. As cenas, figurinos, etiqueta e outros detalhes do filme refletem o charme único da China antiga, apresentando ao público um mundo artístico repleto de estética oriental. Além disso, através da personagem Mulan, o filme mostra o alto valor da família, da honra e da lealdade na cultura oriental. Em segundo lugar, explicita que o papel de Mulan incorpora plenamente os valores femininos, no filme. Ela não apenas se juntou corajosamente ao exército, por causa de seu pai, mas também obteve repetidas conquistas no campo de batalha, quebrando as algemas dos estereótipos de gênero. Essa subversão dos papéis tradicionais de gênero destaca o importante estatuto e valor das mulheres, na sociedade, desempenhando um papel na promoção do despertar da consciência feminina, na cultura oriental. Finalmente, o artigo analisa a influência de Mulan na consciência feminina, concluindo que esta desempenha um papel vital na formação e herança da consciência feminina, na cultura oriental. A imagem heroica de Mulan inspira as futuras gerações de mulheres a enfrentarem as dificuldades com coragem e a buscar a autoestima. Ao mesmo tempo, as ações de Mulan, para além das restrições dos papéis sociais tradicionais, também fornecem um modelo para as mulheres concretizarem a independência e a autonomia individuais. (shrink)

With the advent of the era of artificial intelligence, deep reinforcement learning has achieved unprecedented success in high-dimensional and large-scale artificial intelligence tasks. However, the insecurity and instability of the DRL algorithm have an important impact on its performance. The Soft Actor-Critic algorithm uses advanced functions to update the policy and value network to alleviate some of these problems. However, SAC still has some problems. In order to reduce the error caused by the overestimation of SAC, we propose a new (...) SAC algorithm called Averaged-SAC. By averaging the previously learned action-state estimates, it reduces the overestimation problem of soft Q-learning, thereby contributing to a more stable training process and improving performance. We evaluate the performance of Averaged-SAC through some games in the MuJoCo environment. The experimental results show that the Averaged-SAC algorithm effectively improves the performance of the SAC algorithm and the stability of the training process. (shrink)

《古希臘的人學》旨在探討在古代希臘傳統中的人學，相關的問題「人是什麼？」 人是其可見的身體，或還有什麼生命元素使得身體之所以是活著。 早在西元前六世紀開始，古希臘人的理性思辨首先關懷的課題就是人。人所處的究竟是一個什麼樣的物理世界？物理世界中的人又該如何定位？世界與人因而成了哲學探討的兩大主題。 當聚焦、關懷回到人的本身時，與人有關的首推靈魂論，其次是倫理學、政治學等。古希臘時期的靈魂論事實上就是人學，因認知到靈魂是身體（body）的生命原理，無論是從生物學、形上學乃至認識論推衍生命意義之所在 ，都不能捨靈魂而不論。 人的生命僅限在時間內，或還有永恆的面向？人除了生理生命，是否還有倫理、道德和宗教生命？人的自我完滿和完美在時間中達成，或是超越時間有永恆的生命？針對這類問題，作者丁福寧在《古希臘的人學》採取史的角度從 荷馬史詩中流露出的人之概念，及其後哲學理性思辨時期，藉著對一切起源或原理的探討，領悟到人在其身體之外，靈魂是人的生命原理。哲學家對原理和生命概念的詮釋均不同，連帶對「人是什麼？」這最基本問題的詮釋也不 同。亞理斯多德的全人概念，及其後的基督宗教思想，共同奠定了西方人學的基礎。 本書《古希臘的人學》主要研究，古代希臘人不僅關心人在這世界中的生活，如何渡合乎倫理、道德的生活。希臘人肯定人在身體死亡後，靈魂在另一個世界繼續存在。人死亡後的生命是以他在這世界中的生活作為衡量，人的理 想是相似神。人的身體屬於會毀滅的世界，理性則屬於神聖、不朽的世界。靈魂不朽不只是單純的宗教信仰，柏拉圖及亞理斯多德分別以不同的方式從理性的形上本性論證靈魂不朽。從某種角度而言，到了西元前四世紀，希臘人 所建立的人學不是封閉在時間、空間的人學體系，而是向著永恆、無限開放的人學體系。這種人學思想奠定往後所有世紀哲學家人學反省的典範。.

This paper develops an adaptive fixed-time trajectory tracking controller of an underactuated hovercraft with a prescribed performance in the presence of model uncertainties and unknown time-varying environment disturbances. It is the first time that the proposed method is applied to the motion control of the hovercraft. To begin with, based on the hovercraft's four degrees of freedom model, the virtual control laws are designed using an error transforming function and the fixed-time stability theory to guarantee that the position tracking errors (...) are constrained within the prescribed convergence rates and minimum overshoot. In addition, by combining the Lyapunov direct method and the adaptive radial basis function neural network, the actual control laws are designed to ensure that the velocity tracking errors converge to a small region containing zero while handling model uncertainties and external disturbances effectively. Finally, all tracking errors of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded and fixed-time convergent. Results from a comparative simulation study verify the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed method. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo explore the relations among perceived stress, fatigue, sleepiness, and the pathway of their effects on the ambulatory arterial stiffness index among medical staff.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China. Perceived stress, fatigue, and sleepiness were measured using the perceived stress scale, Fatigue assessment scale, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale, respectively. AASI was obtained from 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Path analysis was used to clarify the relations among the PSS, FAS, and ESS scores, and their (...) relations to AASI values.ResultsA total of 153 participants were included herein. The PSS and FAS correlated with the ESS, and the PSS correlated with the FAS. In addition, the ESS correlated with the AASI. According to the path analysis results, the PSS and FAS had no direct effect on the AASI, but did have an indirect effect on this index by influencing the ESS.ConclusionSleepiness was a mediator of the effects of perceived stress and fatigue on AASI. (shrink)