The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: AOS:Philosophy of Language

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Mental content:externalism0.218
internalism externalism
Philosophy of Language
13%(22/169)
77.5%(131/169)
not Philosophy of Language
29%(200/688)
55%(379/688)
Response pairs: 857   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:Platonism0.149
Platonism nominalism
Philosophy of Language
53.5%(91/170)
34.1%(58/170)
not Philosophy of Language
38.2%(277/724)
51.5%(373/724)
Response pairs: 894   p-value: < 0.001
Science:scientific realism0.111
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
Philosophy of Language
85.2%(144/169)
8.8%(15/169)
not Philosophy of Language
75.5%(557/737)
16.6%(123/737)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
Epistemic justification:externalism0.098
internalism externalism
Philosophy of Language
24.6%(41/166)
57.2%(95/166)
not Philosophy of Language
35.3%(248/702)
46.8%(329/702)
Response pairs: 868   p-value: 0.003
God:atheism0.097
theism atheism
Philosophy of Language
8.2%(14/170)
82.9%(141/170)
not Philosophy of Language
16.3%(122/747)
75.1%(561/747)
Response pairs: 917   p-value: 0.003
not Truth:epistemic0.096
epistemic not epistemic
Philosophy of Language
3%(5/164)
90.2%(148/164)
not Philosophy of Language
8.4%(59/699)
85.6%(599/699)
Response pairs: 863   p-value: 0.004
not Knowledge claims:contextualism0.094
contextualism not contextualism
Philosophy of Language
38.5%(62/161)
50.9%(82/161)
not Philosophy of Language
48.6%(311/639)
39.5%(253/639)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.007
Newcomb's problem:two boxes0.09
two boxes one box
Philosophy of Language
52.5%(73/139)
25.1%(35/139)
not Philosophy of Language
42.3%(222/524)
33.2%(174/524)
Response pairs: 663   p-value: 0.02
Knowledge claims:invariantism0.085
invariantism not invariantism
Philosophy of Language
44%(71/161)
45.3%(73/161)
not Philosophy of Language
34.2%(219/639)
53.9%(345/639)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.016
not Zombies:metaphysically possible0.085
metaphysically possible not metaphysically possible
Philosophy of Language
18%(30/166)
69.2%(115/166)
not Philosophy of Language
28.3%(187/659)
57.6%(380/659)
Response pairs: 825   p-value: 0.014
Politics:communitarianism0.081
communitarianism not communitarianism
Philosophy of Language
22.8%(29/127)
53.5%(68/127)
not Philosophy of Language
16.6%(104/624)
66.8%(417/624)
Response pairs: 751   p-value: 0.026
Normative ethics:consequentialism0.078
consequentialism not consequentialism
Philosophy of Language
30.2%(43/142)
50%(71/142)
not Philosophy of Language
26.8%(177/658)
60.3%(397/658)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.027
External world:non-skeptical realism0.071
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
Philosophy of Language
87.6%(149/170)
7%(12/170)
not Philosophy of Language
82%(611/745)
14.4%(108/745)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.031
Zombies:inconceivable0.068
inconceivable not inconceivable
Philosophy of Language
24%(40/166)
63.2%(105/166)
not Philosophy of Language
16.5%(109/659)
69.4%(458/659)
Response pairs: 825   p-value: 0.05
not External world:idealism0.068
idealism not idealism
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/170)
94.1%(160/170)
not Philosophy of Language
5.2%(39/745)
91.2%(680/745)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.039
Free will:compatibilism0.063
compatibilism not compatibilism
Philosophy of Language
67.8%(112/165)
21.8%(36/165)
not Philosophy of Language
59.6%(438/734)
31.4%(231/734)
Response pairs: 899   p-value: 0.059
not External world:skepticism0.061
skepticism not skepticism
Philosophy of Language
1.7%(3/170)
92.9%(158/170)
not Philosophy of Language
5.6%(42/745)
90.8%(677/745)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.065
Time:A-theory0.058
A-theory B-theory
Philosophy of Language
31.8%(42/132)
39.3%(52/132)
not Philosophy of Language
29%(131/451)
48.1%(217/451)
Response pairs: 583   p-value: 0.161
Logic:classical0.052
classical non-classical
Philosophy of Language
67.4%(114/169)
14.7%(25/169)
not Philosophy of Language
65.2%(414/634)
20.1%(128/634)
Response pairs: 803   p-value: 0.14
Mind:physicalism0.052
non-physicalism physicalism
Philosophy of Language
24.8%(42/169)
62.1%(105/169)
not Philosophy of Language
28.4%(213/749)
60.2%(451/749)
Response pairs: 918   p-value: 0.115

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
xian:Frege0.252
Frege not Frege
Philosophy of Language
21.5%(37/172)
78.4%(135/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4.3%(33/759)
95.6%(726/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Russell0.198
Russell not Russell
Philosophy of Language
16.8%(29/172)
83.1%(143/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4.2%(32/759)
95.7%(727/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Logic and Philosophy of Logic0.194
Logic and Philosophy of Logic not Logic and Philosophy of Logic
Philosophy of Language
22%(38/172)
77.9%(134/172)
not Philosophy of Language
7.1%(54/759)
92.8%(705/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Normative Ethics0.191
Normative Ethics not Normative Ethics
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
18.1%(138/759)
81.8%(621/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Davidson0.148
Davidson not Davidson
Philosophy of Language
12.2%(21/172)
87.7%(151/172)
not Philosophy of Language
3.6%(28/759)
96.3%(731/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Wittgenstein0.139
Wittgenstein not Wittgenstein
Philosophy of Language
15.6%(27/172)
84.3%(145/172)
not Philosophy of Language
6%(46/759)
93.9%(713/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.129
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
2.3%(4/172)
97.6%(168/172)
not Philosophy of Language
12.6%(96/759)
87.3%(663/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:17th/18th Century Philosophy0.128
17th/18th Century Philosophy not 17th/18th Century Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
2.9%(5/172)
97%(167/172)
not Philosophy of Language
13.4%(102/759)
86.5%(657/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Kant0.126
Kant not Kant
Philosophy of Language
3.4%(6/172)
96.5%(166/172)
not Philosophy of Language
14%(107/759)
85.9%(652/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
tradition:analytic0.121
analytic continental
Philosophy of Language
95.9%(165/172)
~0.5%(~1/172)
not Philosophy of Language
86.2%(655/759)
4.4%(34/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Mind0.114
Philosophy of Mind not Philosophy of Mind
Philosophy of Language
30.2%(52/172)
69.7%(120/172)
not Philosophy of Language
18.3%(139/759)
81.6%(620/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
metasurvey:accuracy0.111
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
Philosophy of Language
58.1%(32/55)
41.8%(23/55)
not Philosophy of Language
47%(73/155)
52.9%(82/155)
Response pairs: 210   p-value: 0.108
not AOS:Philosophy of Religion0.109
Philosophy of Religion not Philosophy of Religion
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
6.1%(47/759)
93.8%(712/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Ancient Greek Philosophy0.107
Ancient Greek Philosophy not Ancient Greek Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
8.1%(62/759)
91.8%(697/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.001
not AOS:General Philosophy of Science0.104
General Philosophy of Science not General Philosophy of Science
Philosophy of Language
3.4%(6/172)
96.5%(166/172)
not Philosophy of Language
11.5%(88/759)
88.4%(671/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.001
not AOS:Philosophy of Biology0.098
Philosophy of Biology not Philosophy of Biology
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5%(38/759)
94.9%(721/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.002
not AOS:Applied Ethics0.091
Applied Ethics not Applied Ethics
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.5%(42/759)
94.4%(717/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.005
not xian:Rawls0.09
Rawls not Rawls
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.4%(41/759)
94.5%(718/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.005
not xian:Plato0.082
Plato not Plato
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4.7%(36/759)
95.2%(723/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.012
AOS:Metaphysics0.081
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
Philosophy of Language
32.5%(56/172)
67.4%(116/172)
not Philosophy of Language
23.4%(178/759)
76.5%(581/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.013
not xian:Aristotle0.081
Aristotle not Aristotle
Philosophy of Language
6.9%(12/172)
93%(160/172)
not Philosophy of Language
13.9%(106/759)
86%(653/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.013
not AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.081
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
Philosophy of Language
2.3%(4/172)
97.6%(168/172)
not Philosophy of Language
7.5%(57/759)
92.4%(702/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.013
not AOS:Meta-Ethics0.078
Meta-Ethics not Meta-Ethics
Philosophy of Language
5.8%(10/172)
94.1%(162/172)
not Philosophy of Language
12.1%(92/759)
87.8%(667/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.017
xian:Lewis0.076
Lewis not Lewis
Philosophy of Language
11.6%(20/172)
88.3%(152/172)
not Philosophy of Language
6.4%(49/759)
93.5%(710/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.02
not xian:Hume0.075
Hume not Hume
Philosophy of Language
9.3%(16/172)
90.6%(156/172)
not Philosophy of Language
16.2%(123/759)
83.7%(636/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.022
not xian:Spinoza0.074
Spinoza not Spinoza
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
2.8%(22/759)
97.1%(737/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.023
not AOS:19th Century Philosophy0.068
19th Century Philosophy not 19th Century Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4.6%(35/759)
95.3%(724/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.038
not AOS:Philosophy of Action0.065
Philosophy of Action not Philosophy of Action
Philosophy of Language
1.7%(3/172)
98.2%(169/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.2%(40/759)
94.7%(719/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.047
xian:Quine0.064
Quine not Quine
Philosophy of Language
9.8%(17/172)
90.1%(155/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.7%(44/759)
94.2%(715/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.05
not AOS:Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy0.064
Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy not Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
2.2%(17/759)
97.7%(742/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.05
not xian:Mill0.063
Mill not Mill
Philosophy of Language
1.7%(3/172)
98.2%(169/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.1%(39/759)
94.8%(720/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.054
not xian:Hegel0.062
Hegel not Hegel
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
2.1%(16/759)
97.8%(743/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.058
not xian:Socrates0.058
Socrates not Socrates
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
1.8%(14/759)
98.1%(745/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.076
not xian:Marx0.056
Marx not Marx
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
1.7%(13/759)
98.2%(746/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.087
not xian:Heidegger0.054
Heidegger not Heidegger
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
1.5%(12/759)
98.4%(747/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.099
not AOS:Philosophy of Law0.051
Philosophy of Law not Philosophy of Law
Philosophy of Language
~0.5%(~1/172)
~99.4%(~171/172)
not Philosophy of Language
3.4%(26/759)
96.5%(733/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.119
not xian:Locke0.05
Locke not Locke
Philosophy of Language
1.7%(3/172)
98.2%(169/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4.2%(32/759)
95.7%(727/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.127

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
affil:region:Europe0.136
Europe not Europe
Philosophy of Language
13.9%(24/172)
86%(148/172)
not Philosophy of Language
5.1%(39/759)
94.8%(720/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
nationality_region:Europe0.113
Europe not Europe
Philosophy of Language
20.3%(35/172)
79.6%(137/172)
not Philosophy of Language
10.6%(81/759)
89.3%(678/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not nationality_region:United States0.108
United States not United States
Philosophy of Language
39.5%(68/172)
60.4%(104/172)
not Philosophy of Language
53.4%(406/759)
46.5%(353/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
phd_region:Europe0.083
Europe not Europe
Philosophy of Language
8.7%(15/172)
91.2%(157/172)
not Philosophy of Language
4%(31/759)
95.9%(728/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.011
nationality_region:Other0.063
Other not Other
Philosophy of Language
11%(19/172)
88.9%(153/172)
not Philosophy of Language
6.7%(51/759)
93.2%(708/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.054
not affil:region:Canada0.055
Canada not Canada
Philosophy of Language
5.2%(9/172)
94.7%(163/172)
not Philosophy of Language
9.2%(70/759)
90.7%(689/759)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.093
year_of_birth0.053
year_of_birth ≥ median year_of_birth < median
Philosophy of Language
55.4%(87/157)
44.5%(70/157)
not Philosophy of Language
49.2%(351/713)
50.7%(362/713)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.118