The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: xian:Carnap

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

flip contingency tables

Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Meta-ethics:moral anti-realism0.111
moral realism moral anti-realism
Carnap
42.8%(18/42)
52.3%(22/42)
not Carnap
59.6%(509/854)
31.6%(270/854)
Response pairs: 896   p-value: < 0.001
Aesthetic value:subjective0.109
subjective objective
Carnap
60.4%(26/43)
20.9%(9/43)
not Carnap
37.4%(319/852)
47.6%(406/852)
Response pairs: 895   p-value: 0.001
Knowledge:empiricism0.105
empiricism rationalism
Carnap
61.3%(27/44)
15.9%(7/44)
not Carnap
40.9%(358/875)
35.4%(310/875)
Response pairs: 919   p-value: 0.001
not Free will:libertarianism0.104
libertarianism not libertarianism
Carnap
~2.3%(~1/42)
92.8%(39/42)
not Carnap
14.8%(127/857)
75.8%(650/857)
Response pairs: 899   p-value: 0.001
Mind:physicalism0.1
physicalism non-physicalism
Carnap
80%(36/45)
15.5%(7/45)
not Carnap
56.4%(493/873)
31.5%(275/873)
Response pairs: 918   p-value: 0.002
Personal identity:biological view0.092
biological view not biological view
Carnap
24.3%(10/41)
31.7%(13/41)
not Carnap
19%(147/772)
61.3%(474/772)
Response pairs: 813   p-value: 0.008
God:atheism0.091
theism atheism
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/45)
93.3%(42/45)
not Carnap
15.4%(135/872)
75.6%(660/872)
Response pairs: 917   p-value: 0.005
Normative ethics:consequentialism0.083
consequentialism not consequentialism
Carnap
46.3%(19/41)
43.9%(18/41)
not Carnap
26.4%(201/759)
59.2%(450/759)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.018
not Truth:epistemic0.083
epistemic not epistemic
Carnap
~2.3%(~1/43)
~97.6%(~42/43)
not Carnap
7.5%(62/820)
86%(706/820)
Response pairs: 863   p-value: 0.014
Trolley problem:switch0.08
don't switch switch
Carnap
~2.5%(~1/39)
87.1%(34/39)
not Carnap
8.9%(74/825)
76.3%(630/825)
Response pairs: 864   p-value: 0.018
Free will:compatibilism0.079
compatibilism not compatibilism
Carnap
76.1%(32/42)
19%(8/42)
not Carnap
60.4%(518/857)
30.2%(259/857)
Response pairs: 899   p-value: 0.017
Perceptual experience:sense-datum theory0.07
sense-datum theory not sense-datum theory
Carnap
11.4%(4/35)
71.4%(25/35)
not Carnap
3.6%(25/681)
80.9%(551/681)
Response pairs: 716   p-value: 0.061
Epistemic justification:internalism0.07
internalism externalism
Carnap
47.6%(20/42)
30.9%(13/42)
not Carnap
32.5%(269/826)
49.7%(411/826)
Response pairs: 868   p-value: 0.039
not Moral judgment:cognitivism0.066
cognitivism non-cognitivism
Carnap
64.1%(25/39)
30.7%(12/39)
not Carnap
71.5%(598/836)
19.8%(166/836)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.05
Logic:non-classical0.063
non-classical classical
Carnap
32.5%(14/43)
48.8%(21/43)
not Carnap
23.2%(177/760)
61.7%(469/760)
Response pairs: 803   p-value: 0.074
Metaphilosophy:naturalism0.063
non-naturalism naturalism
Carnap
19.5%(8/41)
63.4%(26/41)
not Carnap
29.1%(237/814)
55.7%(454/814)
Response pairs: 855   p-value: 0.065
not Normative ethics:virtue ethics0.062
virtue ethics not virtue ethics
Carnap
12.1%(5/41)
78%(32/41)
not Carnap
21.6%(164/759)
64.1%(487/759)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: 0.079
Laws of nature:Humean0.061
Humean non-Humean
Carnap
43.1%(19/44)
50%(22/44)
not Carnap
25.8%(212/820)
64.3%(528/820)
Response pairs: 864   p-value: 0.073
not External world:idealism0.057
idealism not idealism
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/44)
~97.7%(~43/44)
not Carnap
4.5%(40/871)
91.6%(798/871)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.084

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
AOS:General Philosophy of Science0.173
General Philosophy of Science not General Philosophy of Science
Carnap
33.3%(15/45)
66.6%(30/45)
not Carnap
8.9%(79/886)
91%(807/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Logic and Philosophy of Logic0.16
Logic and Philosophy of Logic not Logic and Philosophy of Logic
Carnap
31.1%(14/45)
68.8%(31/45)
not Carnap
8.8%(78/886)
91.1%(808/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Russell0.142
Russell not Russell
Carnap
22.2%(10/45)
77.7%(35/45)
not Carnap
5.7%(51/886)
94.2%(835/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.142
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
Carnap
22.2%(10/45)
77.7%(35/45)
not Carnap
5.7%(51/886)
94.2%(835/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Decision Theory0.125
Decision Theory not Decision Theory
Carnap
13.3%(6/45)
86.6%(39/45)
not Carnap
2.8%(25/886)
97.1%(861/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Probability0.109
Philosophy of Probability not Philosophy of Probability
Carnap
8.8%(4/45)
91.1%(41/45)
not Carnap
1.6%(15/886)
98.3%(871/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Normative Ethics0.094
Normative Ethics not Normative Ethics
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/45)
~97.7%(~44/45)
not Carnap
15.6%(139/886)
84.3%(747/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.004
xian:Lewis0.089
Lewis not Lewis
Carnap
17.7%(8/45)
82.2%(37/45)
not Carnap
6.8%(61/886)
93.1%(825/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.006
AOS:Philosophy of Mathematics0.087
Philosophy of Mathematics not Philosophy of Mathematics
Carnap
11.1%(5/45)
88.8%(40/45)
not Carnap
3.3%(30/886)
96.6%(856/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.007
not AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.078
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/45)
~97.7%(~44/45)
not Carnap
11.2%(100/886)
88.7%(786/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.017
not xian:Aristotle0.07
Aristotle not Aristotle
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/45)
~97.7%(~44/45)
not Carnap
13.2%(117/886)
86.7%(769/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.032
xian:Quine0.061
Quine not Quine
Carnap
13.3%(6/45)
86.6%(39/45)
not Carnap
6.2%(55/886)
93.7%(831/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.062
not AOS:Ancient Greek Philosophy0.061
Ancient Greek Philosophy not Ancient Greek Philosophy
Carnap
~2.2%(~1/45)
~97.7%(~44/45)
not Carnap
7.2%(64/886)
92.7%(822/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.062
tradition:analytic0.055
analytic continental
Carnap
~97.7%(~44/45)
~2.2%(~1/45)
not Carnap
87.6%(777/886)
3.8%(34/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.093
AOS:Aesthetics0.054
Aesthetics not Aesthetics
Carnap
8.8%(4/45)
91.1%(41/45)
not Carnap
3.8%(34/886)
96.1%(852/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.099
not AOS:Philosophy of Mind0.052
Philosophy of Mind not Philosophy of Mind
Carnap
11.1%(5/45)
88.8%(40/45)
not Carnap
20.9%(186/886)
79%(700/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.112

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
phd_region:United States0.09
United States not United States
Carnap
73.3%(33/45)
26.6%(12/45)
not Carnap
52.2%(463/886)
47.7%(423/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.005
not affil:region:United Kingdom0.075
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
Carnap
6.6%(3/45)
93.3%(42/45)
not Carnap
20.6%(183/886)
79.3%(703/886)
Response pairs: 931   p-value: 0.022
gender:male0.056
male female
Carnap
91.1%(41/45)
8.8%(4/45)
not Carnap
81.1%(678/836)
18.8%(158/836)
Response pairs: 881   p-value: 0.096