El neonato

Medicina y Ética 22:53-61 (2011)
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Abstract

El acercamiento ético al tratamiento del neonato es netamente diferente de aquel hacia el adulto sobre todo en tres campos: la reanimación, el tratamiento del dolor, la ejecución de estudios científicos. Esto depende en buena parte ee un diverso estado moral del neonato que podemos llamar de "apátrida moral", un estado en el cual todavía --explícita o implícitamente- no son reconocidos al bebé nacido plenos derechos. Dos son los motores de esta incerteza: una extensión al neonato del estado de no-persona, en el cual muchas legislaciones relegan al feto; y un obstáculo hacia una plena ciudadanía debido a la ausencia de autonomía. El fenómeno indica una subordinación del ser humano al formar parte del número de los "ciudadanos" ligada a la "aceptación" por parte de terceros, que se extiende por algunas características incluso más allá de la época neonatal.The ethical approach for treatment of newborn differs from that reserved to the adult in three main areas: intensive care, pain management, and scientific studies. This greatly depends on a different moral status of the newborn, that we call "moral stateless", a state in which fuI! rights are yet explicitly or implicitly denied to the child. The sources of this uncertainly are two: an extension of non-person state to the newborn and an obstacle to full citizenship due to lack of autonomy. This phenomenon indicates that personhood is subordinated in some cases to the "acceptance" by third parties, which in some cases exceeds the neonatal period, as it wil! be discussed in the text

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