Abstract

In first division, knowledge is divided into two types: acquired knowledge and knowledge by presence. In this paper, by distinguishing between two levels of definition and realization - two questions are asked. The basic question posed at the first level is: "what is the source of difference between knowledge by presence and acquired knowledge?" Different views have been presented in response to this question. The other question is: "Is the basis for dividing knowledge into these two types a rational or an inductive one?" According to philosophers, restricting knowledge into presential and acquired types is a rational restriction, and this division is a restrictive one. The study of the characteristics and types of knowledge by presence is done at the level of definition. However, at the level of realization and when demonstrating either the presential or the acquired knowledge, the question is whether man's knowledge is of the acquired type or the presential type or a combination of both of them. Three views are presented in response to this question.