The Limit of Spectator Interaction

Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 6 (1):46-60 (2012)
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Abstract

In this paper I establish a normative limit of spectator interaction. I argue that attempts by non-participants (e.g. spectators) to affect the outcome of a contest, whether intended or merely foreseeable, are unsporting and ought to be discouraged because they undermine fairness, which is a fundamental premise of ideal competition. Because this is at odds with the participatory ethos of contemporary sports fanaticism (e.g. ?12th man? campaigns, visual distractions by spectators, etcetera) I anticipate several potential objections. I refute concerns that my thesis is empirically dubious; that it is impractical; that it is subordinate to financial considerations; that it is nullified by participant acquiescence; and that it is subordinate to spectator interests

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References found in this work

A Theory of Justice.John Rawls - 1971 - Oxford,: Harvard University Press. Edited by Steven M. Cahn.
Fair Play: The Ethics of Sport.Robert L. Simon - 2010 - Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Intentional Rules Violations—One More Time.Warren P. Fraleigh - 2003 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport 30 (2):166-176.

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