Results for 'Anders Olsson'

970 found
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  1.  19
    Naive empiricism and dogmatism in confidence research: A critical examination of the hard–easy effect.Peter Juslin, Anders Winman & Henrik Olsson - 2000 - Psychological Review 107 (2):384-396.
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  2.  13
    Green-Eye and Mimetic Desire in Strindberg.Anders Olsson - 2021 - Contagion: Journal of Violence, Mimesis, and Culture 28 (1):33-53.
    Like Marcel Proust, the late Strindberg stands on the threshold between realism and modernism, where memory and the hidden truths of the mind demand radically new literary representation. The great realist tradition of the nineteenth century still remains vital for him in a novel like The Scapegoat [Syndabocken], where the heritage from Balzac is obvious. But in the last decades before his death in 1912 he also produces some of his most spectacular works, experimenting with genre conventions, with dream logic (...)
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  3. Reliabilism and the Value of Knowledge.Alvin I. Goldman & Erik J. Olsson - 2009 - In Adrian Haddock, Alan Millar & Duncan Pritchard (eds.), Epistemic value. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 19-41.
  4. Coherentism, reliability and bayesian networks.Luc Bovens & Erik J. Olsson - 2000 - Mind 109 (436):685-719.
    The coherentist theory of justification provides a response to the sceptical challenge: even though the independent processes by which we gather information about the world may be of dubious quality, the internal coherence of the information provides the justification for our empirical beliefs. This central canon of the coherence theory of justification is tested within the framework of Bayesian networks, which is a theory of probabilistic reasoning in artificial intelligence. We interpret the independence of the information gathering processes (IGPs) in (...)
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  5. Do computer simulations support the Argument from Disagreement?Aron Vallinder & Erik J. Olsson - 2013 - Synthese 190 (8):1437-1454.
    According to the Argument from Disagreement (AD) widespread and persistent disagreement on ethical issues indicates that our moral opinions are not influenced by moral facts, either because there are no such facts or because there are such facts but they fail to influence our moral opinions. In an innovative paper, Gustafsson and Peterson (Synthese, published online 16 October, 2010) study the argument by means of computer simulation of opinion dynamics, relying on the well-known model of Hegselmann and Krause (J Artif (...)
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  6.  41
    Publish Late, Publish Rarely! : Network Density and Group Performance in Scientific Communication.Staffan Angere & Erik J. Olsson - 2017 - In Thomas Boyer-Kassem, Conor Mayo-Wilson & Michael Weisberg (eds.), Scientific Collaboration and Collective Knowledge. New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
    Research programs regularly compete to achieve the same goal, such as the discovery of the structure of DNA or the construction of a TEA laser. The more the competing programs share information, the faster the goal is likely to be reached, to society’s benefit. But the “priority rule”-the scientific norm according to which the first program to reach the goal in question must receive all the credit for the achievement-provides a powerful disincentive for programs to share information. How, then, is (...)
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  7.  14
    Exemplar effects in categorization and multiple-cue judgment.Peter Juslin, Henrik Olsson & Anna-Carin Olsson - 2003 - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 132 (1):133.
  8.  41
    On Anders V. Munch’s doctoral thesis From Bayreuth to Bauhaus: The Gesamtkunstwerk and the Modern Art Forms.Anders Troelsen - 2013 - Nordic Journal of Aesthetics 23 (46).
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  9. Trust and the value of overconfidence: a Bayesian perspective on social network communication.Aron Vallinder & Erik J. Olsson - 2014 - Synthese 191 (9):1991-2007.
    The paper presents and defends a Bayesian theory of trust in social networks. In the first part of the paper, we provide justifications for the basic assumptions behind the model, and we give reasons for thinking that the model has plausible consequences for certain kinds of communication. In the second part of the paper we investigate the phenomenon of overconfidence. Many psychological studies have found that people think they are more reliable than they actually are. Using a simulation environment that (...)
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  10. Is resilience a normative concept?Henrik Thorén & Lennart Olsson - 2018 - Resilience: International Policies, Practices and Discourses 2 (6):112-128.
    In this paper, we engage with the question of the normative content of the resilience concept. The issues are approached in two consecutive steps. First, we proceed from a narrow construal of the resilience concept – as the ability of a system to absorb a disturbance – and show that under an analysis of normative concepts as evaluative concepts resilience comes out as descriptive. In the second part of the paper, we argue that (1) for systems of interest (primarily social (...)
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  11. Can We Trust Our Memories? C. I. Lewis's Coherence Argument.T. Shogenji & E. J. Olsson - 2004 - Synthese 142 (1):21-41.
    In this paper we examine C. I. Lewis's view on the roleof coherence – what he calls ''congruence'' – in thejustification of beliefs based on memory ortestimony. Lewis has two main theses on the subject. His negativethesis states that coherence of independent items ofevidence has no impact on the probability of a conclusionunless each item has some credibility of its own. Thepositive thesis says, roughly speaking, that coherenceof independently obtained items of evidence – such asconverging memories or testimonies – raises (...)
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  12.  87
    Believing more, risking less: On coherence, truth and non-trivial extensions.Luc Bovens & Erik J. Olsson - 2002 - Erkenntnis 57 (2):137 - 150.
    If you believe more things you thereby run a greater risk of being in error than if you believe fewer things. From the point of view of avoiding error, it is best not to believe anything at all, or to have very uncommitted beliefs. But considering the fact that we all in fact do entertain many specific beliefs, this recommendation is obviously in flagrant dissonance with our actual epistemic practice. Let us call the problem raised by this apparent conflict the (...)
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  13.  64
    Mapping the Structure of Semantic Memory.Ana Sofia Morais, Henrik Olsson & Lael J. Schooler - 2013 - Cognitive Science 37 (1):125-145.
    Aggregating snippets from the semantic memories of many individuals may not yield a good map of an individual’s semantic memory. The authors analyze the structure of semantic networks that they sampled from individuals through a new snowball sampling paradigm during approximately 6 weeks of 1-hr daily sessions. The semantic networks of individuals have a small-world structure with short distances between words and high clustering. The distribution of links follows a power law truncated by an exponential cutoff, meaning that most words (...)
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  14.  95
    Providing foundations for coherentism.Sven Ove Hansson & Erik J. Olsson - 1999 - Erkenntnis 51 (2-3):243-265.
    We prove that four theses commonly associated with coherentism are incompatible with the representation of a belief state as a logically closed set of sentences. The result is applied to the conventional coherence interpretation of the AGM theory of belief revision, which appears not to be tenable. Our argument also counts against the coherentistic acceptability of a certain form of propositional holism. We argue that the problems arise as an effect of ignoring the distinction between derived and non-derived beliefs, and (...)
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  15. Is There a Statistical Solution to the Generality Problem?Julien Dutant & Erik J. Olsson - 2013 - Erkenntnis 78 (6):1347-1365.
    This article is concerned with a statistical proposal due to James R. Beebe for how to solve the generality problem for process reliabilism. The proposal is highlighted by Alvin I. Goldman as an interesting candidate solution. However, Goldman raises the worry that the proposal may not always yield a determinate result. We address this worry by proving a dilemma: either the statistical approach does not yield a determinate result or it leads to trivialization, i.e. reliability collapses into truth (and anti-reliability (...)
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  16.  51
    Information integration in multiple cue judgment: A division of labor hypothesis.Peter Juslin, Linnea Karlsson & Henrik Olsson - 2008 - Cognition 106 (1):259-298.
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  17.  14
    Thurstonian and Brunswikian origins of uncertainty in judgment: A sampling model of confidence in sensory discrimination.Peter Juslin & Henrik Olsson - 1997 - Psychological Review 104 (2):344-366.
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  18.  25
    Visual perception of dynamic properties: Cue heuristics versus direct-perceptual competence.Sverker Runeson, Peter Juslin & Henrik Olsson - 2000 - Psychological Review 107 (3):525-555.
  19.  76
    The Dissemination of Scientific Fake News.Emmanuel J. Genot & Erik J. Olsson - 2021 - In Sven Bernecker, Amy K. Flowerree & Thomas Grundmann (eds.), The Epistemology of Fake News. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Fake news can originate from an ordinary person carelessly posting what turns out to be false information or from the intentional actions of fake news factory workers, but broadly speaking it can also originate from scientific fraud. In the latter case, the article can be retracted upon discovery of the fraud. A case study shows, however, that such fake science can be visible in Google even after the article was retracted, in fact more visible than the retraction notice. We hypothesize (...)
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  20.  66
    Toward an alternative dialogue between the social and natural sciences.Johannes Persson, Alf Hornborg, Lennart Olsson & Henrik Thorén - 2018 - Ecology and Society 23 (4).
    Interdisciplinary research within the field of sustainability studies often faces incompatible ontological assumptions deriving from natural and social sciences. The importance of this fact is often underrated and sometimes leads to the wrong strategies. We distinguish between two broad approaches in interdisciplinarity: unificationism and pluralism. Unificationism seeks unification and perceives disciplinary boundaries as conventional, representing no long-term obstacle to progress, whereas pluralism emphasizes more ephemeral and transient interdisciplinary connections and underscores the autonomy of the disciplines with respect to one another. (...)
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  21. #MeToo, Social Norms, and Sanctions.Katharina Berndt Rasmussen & Nicolas Olsson Yaouzis - 2020 - Journal of Political Philosophy 28 (3):273-295.
    Journal of Political Philosophy, EarlyView.
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  22.  25
    A sampling model of social judgment.Mirta Galesic, Henrik Olsson & Jörg Rieskamp - 2018 - Psychological Review 125 (3):363-390.
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  23. What Can Historicising Rawls Achieve?Emil Andersson & Nicolas Olsson Yaouzis - 2024 - Analyse & Kritik 46 (2):305-318.
    This essay explores the implications of historicising John Rawls’s theory of justice. While historical research on Rawls and his social context has provided valuable insights, some scholars argue that historicising carries significant philosophical consequences. This paper critically examines one such argument that contends that historicising Rawls’s theory demonstrates its contextual nature, undermines its diagnostic powers, and leads to its complete dissolution. We offer a reconstruction of this argument and show that it fails. Further, while we argue that this argument fails, (...)
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  24.  46
    Linking as Voting : How the Condorcet Jury Theorem in Political Science is Relevant to Webometrics.George Masterton, Erik J. Olsson & Staffan Angere - unknown
  25.  30
    Levi Contractions and AGM Contractions: A Comparison.Sven Ove Hansson & Erik J. Olsson - 1995 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 36 (1):103-119.
    A representation theorem is obtained for contraction operators that are based on Levi's recent proposal that selection functions should be applied to the set of saturatable contractions, rather than to maximal subsets as in the AGM framework. Furthermore, it is shown that Levi's proposal to base the selection on a weakly monotonic measure of informational value guarantees the satisfaction of both of Gärdenfors' supplementary postulates for contraction. These results indicate that Levi has succeeded in constructing a well-behaved operation of contraction (...)
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  26.  34
    PageRank's Ability to Track Webpage Quality: Reconciling Google’s Wisdom-of-Crowds Justification with the Scale-free Structure of the Web.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - 2018 - Hellyon 4 (11).
    We address the fundamental question why we should use PageRank and similar link-based algorithms in search engines, if at all. In a legendary article from 1998, the Google founders gave an intriguing wisdom-of-crowds justification for PageRank according to which the latter tracks quality online. This striking suggestion stands in contrast to the view that PageRank merely tracks what is popular. However, Masterton and Olsson showed that web-ecologies generated by Google-like assumptions essentially fail to reflect the scale-free structure of the (...)
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  27.  80
    (1 other version)The interdisciplinary decision problem : Popperian optimism and Kuhnian pessimism in forestry.Johannes Persson, Henrik Thorén & Lennart Olsson - forthcoming - Ecology and Society 23 (3).
    Interdisciplinary research in the fields of forestry and sustainability studies often encounters seemingly incompatible ontological assumptions deriving from natural and social sciences. The perceived incompatibilities might emerge from the epistemological and ontological claims of the theories or models directly employed in the interdisciplinary collaboration, or they might be created by other epistemological and ontological assumptions that these interdisciplinary researchers find no reason to question. In this paper we discuss the benefits and risks of two possible approaches, Popperian optimism and Kuhnian (...)
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  28. The presumption of nothingness.Erik Carlson & Erik J. Olsson - 2001 - Ratio 14 (3):203–221.
    Several distinguished philosophers have argued that since the state of affairs where nothing exists is the simplest and least arbitrary of all cosmological possibilities, we have reason to be surprised that there is in fact a non-empty universe. We review this traditional argument, and defend it against two recent criticisms put forward by Peter van Inwagen and Derek Parfit. Finally, we argue that the traditional argument nevertheless needs reformulation, and that the cogency of the reformulated argument depends partly on whether (...)
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  29. On the coherence of higher-order beliefs.Stefan Schubert & Erik J. Olsson - 2012 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 50 (1):112-135.
    Let us by ‘first-order beliefs’ mean beliefs about the world, such as the belief that it will rain tomorrow, and by ‘second-order beliefs’ let us mean beliefs about the reliability of first-order, belief-forming processes. In formal epistemology, coherence has been studied, with much ingenuity and precision, for sets of first-order beliefs. However, to the best of our knowledge, sets including second-order beliefs have not yet received serious attention in that literature. In informal epistemology, by contrast, sets of the latter kind (...)
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  30.  52
    From Impact to Importance: The Current State of the Wisdom-of-Crowds Justification of Link-Based Ranking Algorithms.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - 2017 - Philosophy and Technology 31 (4):593-609.
    In a legendary technical report, the Google founders sketched a wisdom-of-crowds justification for PageRank arguing that the algorithm, by aggregating incoming links to webpages in a sophisticated way, tracks importance on the web. On this reading of the report, webpages that have a high impact as measured by PageRank are supposed to be important webpages in a sense of importance that is not reducible to mere impact or popularity. In this paper, we look at the state of the art regarding (...)
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  31. A DDL Approach to Pluralistic Ignorance and Collective Belief.Carlo Proietti & Erik J. Olsson - 2014 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 43 (2-3):499-515.
    A group is in a state of pluralistic ignorance (PI) if, roughly speaking, every member of the group thinks that his or her belief or desire is different from the beliefs or desires of the other members of the group. PI has been invoked to explain many otherwise puzzling phenomena in social psychology. The main purpose of this article is to shed light on the nature of PI states – their structure, internal consistency and opacity – using the formal apparatus (...)
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  32.  47
    Argumentation and belief updating in social networks: a Bayesian approach.George Masterton & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
  33.  84
    The Learning Society, the Unfinished Cosmopolitan, and Governing Education, Public Health and Crime Prevention at the Beginning of the Twenty‐First Century.Thomas S. Popkewitz, Ulf Olsson & Kenneth Petersson - 2006 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 38 (4):431–449.
    The ‘learning society’ expresses principles of a universal humanity and a promise of progress that seem to transcend the nation. The paper indicates how this society is governed in the name of a cosmopolitan ideal that despite its universal pretensions embodies particular inclusions and exclusions. These occur through inscribing distinctions and differentiations between the characteristics of those who embody a cosmopolitan reason that brings social progress and personal fulfilment and those who do not embody the cosmopolitan principles of civility and (...)
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  34.  28
    Capacity Limitations and the Detection of Correlations: Comment on Kareev (2000).Peter Juslin & Henrik Olsson - 2005 - Psychological Review 112 (1):256-267.
  35.  25
    Pragmatisch denken.André Fuhrmann & Erik J. Olsson (eds.) - 2004 - De Gruyter.
    Dieses Buch versammelt einige der führenden Köpfe heutiger pragmatischer Philosophie zu einem konstruktiven Gespräch über die Zukunft des Pragmatismus. Robert B. Brandom, dessen Theorie der Bedeutung im Mittelpunkt mehrerer Beiträge des Bandes steht, hat das Einleitungskapitel geschrieben. Sämtliche zentrale Problemstellungen der pragmatischen Tradition werden aus teilweise sehr unterschiedlichen Perspektiven eingehend beleuchtet. Neben den Artikeln von Brandom und den Herausgebern, André Fuhrmann und Erik J. Olsson, enthält das Buch Originalbeiträge von Michael Esfeld, Wolfram Hinzen, Friedrich Kambartel, Isaac Levi, Ulrich Metschl, (...)
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  36.  23
    Do we Trust Blindly on the Web?Emmanuel Genot & Erik J. Olsson - 2017 - Societé Editrice Il Mulino 1:87-106.
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  37.  54
    Coherence and Reliability in Judicial Reasoning.Stefan Schubert & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
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  38.  61
    Harnessing local knowledge for scientific knowledge production : challenges and pitfalls within evidence-based sustainability studies.Johannes Persson, Emma Johansson & Lennart Olsson - 2018 - Ecology and Society 23 (4).
    The calls for evidence-based public policy making have increased dramatically in the last decades, and so has the interest in evidence-based sustainability studies. But questions remain about what “evidence” actually means in different contexts and if the concept travels well between different domains of application. Some of the most relevant questions asked by sustainability studies are not, and in some cases cannot be, directly answered by relying on research evidence of the kinds favored by the evidence-based movement. Therefore, sustainability studies (...)
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  39. Swedish state feminism : continuity and change.Christina Bergqvist, Tanja Olsson Blandy & Diane Sainsbury - 2007 - In Joyce Outshoorn & Johanna Kantola (eds.), Changing state feminism. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
  40.  82
    Is Our Existence in Need of Further Explanation?Erik Carlson & Erik J. Olsson - 1998 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 41 (3):255-275.
    Several philosophers have argued that our cosmos is either purposely created by some rational being, or else just one among a vast number of actually existing cosmoi. According to John Leslie and Peter van Inwagen, the existence of a cosmos containing rational beings is analogous to drawing the winning straw among millions of straws. The best explanation in the latter case, they maintain, is that the drawing was either rigged by someone, or else many such lotteries have taken place. Arnold (...)
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  41.  47
    Inquiry and deliberation in judicial systems : the problem of jury size.Staffan Angere, Erik J. Olsson & Emmanuel Genot - unknown
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  42.  46
    Editorial overview.Volker Halbach & Erik J. Olsson - 1999 - Erkenntnis 50 (2-3):149-153.
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  43.  27
    Ways of Relating During Childbirth: An ethical responsibility and challenge for midwives.Anita Hallgren, Mona Kihlgren & Pia Olsson - 2005 - Nursing Ethics 12 (6):606-621.
    The way in which midwives relate to expectant parents during the process of childbirth greatly influences the parents’ childbirth experiences for a long time. We believe that examining and describing ways of relating in naturally occurring interactions during childbirth should be considered as an ethical responsibility. This has been highlighted in relation to parents’ experiences and in the light of the relational ethics of Løgstrup. Four couples’ and nine midwives’ ways of relating were documented by 27 hours of observation, including (...)
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  44.  38
    Disputation and Change of Belief: Burley's Theory of Obligationes as a Theory of Belief Revision.Henrik Lagerlund & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
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  45.  16
    En Filosofibok: tillägnad Anders Wedberg.Anders Wedberg (ed.) - 1978 - Stockholm: Bonnier.
    Berg, J. Buñuels dagdröm.--Bergström, L. Pessimismens konsekvenser.--Furberg, M. Möjliga teser hos Johannes Climacus.--Halldén, S. Teckenrelationen och språkreglernas juridik.--Hedenius, I. Ett argument mot den rättsfilosofiska domstolsrealismen.--Mates, B. Om Platons argument "den tredje människan."--Marc-Wogau, K. Kant om lögnen.--Næss, A. Om filosofiske projekter som forener empirisk semantikk og metafysisk spekulasjon.--Ofstad, H. Får nazister lettere magesår enn humanister?--Prawitz, D. Om moraliska och logiska satsers sanning.--Stenius, E. Om Descartes' psykofysiska modell.--Tranøy, K. E. Filosofenes etiske ansvar.--Wright, G. H. von. En filosof ser på filosofien.
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  46.  38
    Demonstrator skill modulates observational aversive learning.Ida Selbing, Björn Lindström & Andreas Olsson - 2014 - Cognition 133 (1):128-139.
  47.  29
    Segerberg on the Paradoxes of Introspective Belief Change.Sebastian Enqvist & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
  48. The psychology of research groups : creativity and performance.Sven Hemlin & Lisa Olsson - 2013 - In Gregory J. Feist & Michael E. Gorman (eds.), Handbook of the psychology of science. New York: Springer Pub. Company, LLC.
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  49.  46
    Network Density and Group Competence in Scientific Communication.Staffan Angere & Erik J. Olsson - unknown
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  50. Animal welfare.Michael C. Appleby, Anna Olsson & Francisco Galindo (eds.) - 2018 - Boston, MA: CABI.
     
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