Translated by Bert Cardullo University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Missouri, USA This article first appeared in French in Esprit , vol. 21 no. 207-208, October-November 1953, pp. 672-683. Translated here, for the first time, with the permission of Madame Janine Bazin.

Translated by Bert Cardullo University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Missouri, USA This essay first appeared in French in Écran Français in 1946, then was included in Volume 1 ('Ontologie et langage') of Qu'est-ce que le cinéma? (Paris: Éditions du Cerf, 1958-1962), pp. 22-30. Translated here, for the first time, with the permission of Madame Janine Bazin.