Significant individual differences exist in dream recall frequency but some variance is likely attributable to instrument choice in measuring DRF. Three hundred and fifty eight participants estimated their weekly DRF and recorded their dreams in either a narrative log or checklist log for 2–5 weeks. There was an early peak in DRF within the first week of both types of prospective logs after which DRF remained relatively stable. Although the two groups did not differ in their estimated DRF, significantly fewer (...) dreams were reported per week on the narrative logs and only checklist logs yielded significantly higher DRF than participants’ questionnaire estimates. The interactions between DRF measures did not vary across groups with low, medium or high baseline levels of DRF. Keeping a dream log does not necessarily increase DRF and narrative logs’ time consuming nature can impact subjects’ motivation to report all of their dreams over time. (shrink)

An ontology of Leibnizian relationalism, consisting in distance relations among sparse matter points and their change only, is well recognized as a serious option in the context of classical mechanics. In this paper, we investigate how this ontology fares when it comes to general relativistic physics. Using a Humean strategy, we regard the gravitational field as a means to represent the overall change in the distance relations among point particles in a way that achieves the best combination of being simple (...) and being informative. (shrink)

The main purpose of this article is to identify the inner human activity Peirce calls musement with the mental processes that arise through the workings of the brain’s default mode network. This network is a specific, recently anatomically defined brain system, which is most active when individuals are not focused on the external environment. In doing so, musement, which was defined by Peirce over a hundred years ago, will finally be situated within what today we understand as its neurobiological origin.

Kripke’s picture of how people use names to refer to things has been the dominant view in contemporary philosophy of language. When it is mentioned at all, Donnellan’s view of proper names is considered the same as Kripke’s. It is certainly true that both Donnellan and Kripke rejected descriptivism about proper names and appealed to historical facts to determine whom a speaker is referring to by using a proper name. However, the relevant historical facts Kripke and Donnellan appeal to are (...) ultimately quite different. In this paper, I argue that Donnellan’s view of proper name fares better than Kripke’s. (shrink)

Beyond the terms used by the various pre-Socratic thinkers (thymós, kardia, eros, etc.) and beyond also the different settings adopted in their discussion,it is possible to find the reference to a reality which is susceptiblebut to be described in the three essential characteristics of desire:1) The change of a previous situation, which is almost always understood as an exit from one reality to another.2) The push, placed at the origin of this exit, which appears as opposition or attraction about another (...) reality. 3) Finally the achievement of a new situation, equal or very similar to the previous situation. (shrink)

The emerging field of neuroeducation, concerned with the interaction between mind, brain and education, has proved revolutionary in educational research, introducing concepts, methods, and technologies into many advanced institutions around the world. The Educated Brain presents a broad overview of the major topics in this new discipline: Part I examines the historical and epistemological issues related to the mind/brain problem and the scope of neuroeducation; Part II provides a view of basic brain research in education and use of imaging techniques, (...) and the study of brain and cognitive development; and Part III is dedicated to the neural foundations of language and reading in different cultures, and the acquisition of basic mathematical concepts. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book features the most recent and advanced research in cognitive neurosciences. (shrink)

This essay argues that Stein’s view of the state can overcome Husserl’s skepticism about the state being an authentic, intense community rooted in solidarity while not negating his hope for the advent of a genuinely ethical, rational culture. Whereas Husserl places rationality and freedom within the framework of culture proper and not in the state, Stein sees the state as an extension of persons that can give the state its own free, deliberating and rational Ich kann.

Nas primeiras linhas de seus Discorsi, ao comparar a fundação de Roma com a fundação de Esparta, Maquiavel afirma: " se Roma não teve a primeira fortuna, teve a segunda". Nesse artigo, examinaremos no que consiste a segunda fortuna e sua possível relação com a virtù popular. Opondo-se à tradição, que associa perfeição à indivisão social e ausência do conflito, Maquiavel mostra que foi exatamente a desunião entre a plebe e os grandes o fator que operou decisivamente em favor da (...) perfeição da República e da vida livre. (shrink)

Since the 1990s, the reality television phenomenon has transformed the face of television in many countries. In Spain, for instance, the private domain has gradually invaded the public domain in an attempt to increase audience ratings and also reflect patterns of asymmetrical societal organization. Different television formats, which range from docusoaps to the most blatant examples of so-called ‘voyeur television’, have occupied the prime-time hours. In particular, a wide range of reality television shows has taken the place that mini-series, sitcoms (...) and films of the week used to occupy. These reality television programmes show the transformation of the private domain into one which can be manipulated and incorporated as an essential element in the theatricalization of the intimate experiences of anonymous people. By addressing the relationship between mothering and gendered styles, this study adds to the field of research on reality television research by investigating language and gender within the institutional setting of a docusoap and throwing light on the discursive strategies which two different generations of women use to express anger and assertiveness and impose on others. The study reveals that the strategies used by the Spanish female teenagers under scrutiny are associated with hostile laddish verbal behaviour, whereas the mothers’ strategies relate to an instrumental view of aggression. (shrink)

Usually scholars think of Marvin Farber as an American pupil of Husserl and his figure is given historical and institutional credit. It is also said that his thought misrepresented the intentions of the master and that his idea of a naturalization of phenomenology was devoid of hermeneutical grounds. All this has fed the myth of his heresy, the idea that his philosophical proposal could be summarized as a deviation from the orthodox canon. In this paper the legitimacy of this perspective (...) is widely discussed. Is it really correct to think of him as a child of the phenomenological continental tradition transplanted on American soil? Or would it not be more fruitful to consider him, beyond the canon, as an American philosopher fully immersed in the epistemological debates of his time? The paper argues in favor of this way of interpretation, discussing Farber’s own theoretical proposal in conjunction with the ecosystem of the American philosophical history. (shrink)

In the digital era, video games have become a major propaganda tool, used for political purposes by state agents and different organisations, including extremist groups. Similarly, some titles have structured their narratives with an educational and awareness-raising purpose, denouncing the senselessness and violence of different terrorist groups. In this article, we will present a general theoretical framework on how video games have been used in the virtual war on terrorism, either in favour of or against it, either by means of (...) special creations or through modifications of famous war games. Next, we will include a case study referring to Spain, analysing the representation in this video game format of the ETA problem or the 11-M jihadist attacks. As a preliminary result, we would like to highlight the importance of this interactive format today, whether from a propaganda, educational or informative point of view. (shrink)

Este artigo toma como ponto de partida os significados conferidos por Friedrich Nietzsche aos conceitos de memória e de esquecimento, em associação com as ideias de perdão e de graça, com o objetivo de ampliar o horizonte interpretativo sobre o papel exercido por tais conceitos em alguns jogos políticos, como se verifica, por exemplo, na superação da Apartheid na África do Sul, por um lado, e do Regime Militar instalado no Brasil em 1964, por outro. A hipótese de trabalho é (...) que os modos como se estabelecem as relações entre aqueles conceitos, nesses casos, expressam diferentes formas de assimilação do passado que podem resultar tanto no fortalecimento quanto no declínio de uma comunidade. (shrink)

Partiendo de la invitación hecha por el Papa Juan Pablo II en su Carta Apostólica "Tertio Millennio Adveniente" a reflexionar sobre la estrecha relación existente entre los misterios de la Encarnación y de la Eucaristía (perspectiva central del Jubileo 2000: TM 55), este trabajo estudia en profundidad las claves bíblicas y teológicas desde las que estos dos misterios que se pueden ver y considerar. Entre las muchas claves desde las que sería posible leer e interpretar estos misterios, este trabajo ha (...) seleccionado seis de ellas, que perfectamente aplicables a ambos misterios, y que constituyen el hilo conductor de la presente reflexión: el trinitario, el pascual, la unidad, la presencia mutuamente vinculante y redentora, la plenitud y las claves marianas. (shrink)

En la actualidad podemos observar –en algunos sectores cualificados de la Iglesia Católica– un tipo de interés por devaluar la fuerza reformista con la que el Papa Juan XXIII imprimió al Concilio Vaticano II desde su convocatoria (25 de enero de 1959). La celebración de este Concilio Ecuménico (1962-1965) provocó una ola de entusiasmo y optimismo dentro de la Iglesia, y no poca expectación en el resto del mundo. En el post-concilio encontraríamos luces y sombras. Incluso podemos escuchar voces (no (...) muy fuertes, pero desde instituciones significativas de la Iglesia) que indican que el concilio se equivocó al tomar ciertas posiciones reformistas dentro del cristianismo católico. Este artículo surge de este contexto y –declarando el Concilio Vaticano II como un regalo preciosode Dios a su Iglesia- desea ser una clara e inequívoca reivindicación de la “letra” y especialmente del “espíritu” que iluminaron este Concilio en la Iglesia Católica. La “letra” del Concilio sin su espíritu es un cuerpo muerto. El “espíritu” sin la letra, una fuerza verdaderamente ineficaz. (shrink)

It's a paper on Card. Walter Kasper and Schelling.

Analisa-se a construção dos conceitos de público, privado e privatização na cobertura jornalística da Folha de São Paulo sobre o processo de privatização no Brasil, de 1990 a 1994. Insere- se o estudo na linha de pesquisa "Comunicação e processos sociais’, que concebe as instituições de comunicação contemporâneas corno urna das instâncias principais da geração e difusão de discursos, considerando-se o caráter mediador da informação entre os indivíduos, as instituições sociais e entre estes e o Estado. Baseia-se nas formulações de (...) Hannah Arendt e Jürgen Habermas no que se refere aos conceitos de público e privado. (shrink)

Apresentação - Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 13, n. 39, jul./set. 2015.

Este artigo discute, de forma interdisciplinar, como é possível, em um Estado Democrático de Direito, existir formas de vida expostas às mais diversas possibilidades de violações de direitos e garantias fundamentais, como as das pessoas em situação de rua no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como se deu o início do problema das pessoas em situação de rua no país e como o Estado brasileiro enxerga a questão, e a partir disso refletir como o acesso a direitos impede (...) que estes indivíduos detenham participação na sociedade. Assim, se tratará a hipótese de que as pessoas em situação de rua, do ponto de vista do Estado, por não habitarem o contexto político, econômico e social de forma efetiva não são tratados como seres sujeitos de direitos na ordem pública, o que legitima tomada de decisões que são, em parte, danosas a esta classe e cobertas por um véu falacioso de cuidado com este contingente populacional. Para sustentar e desenvolver este artigo foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa que analisa como se deu a formação da questão no contexto sócio político brasileiro, bem como uma abordagem crítica das bases normativas instituídas em torno da problemática. Ainda, se utilizou das contribuições bibliográficas de autores que escrevem sobre: politização da vida, poder estatal e relações sociais, tais como Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben e Achille Mbembe. (shrink)