In this paper, I argue for Fit, a prudential version of the claim that attitudes must fit their objects, the claim that there is an extra benefit when one's reactions fit their objects. I argue that Fit has surprising and powerful consequences for theories of well-being. Classic versions of the objective list theory, hedonism, desire views, and loving-the-good theories do not accommodate Fit. Suitable modifications change some of the views substantially. Modified views give reactions a robust role as sources of (...) well-being, and they accept that objects call for some attitudes but not others. I argue that objective list theories and loving-the-good theories require the most minimal changes to accommodate Fit, so we have a pro tanto reason to favor these views over alternatives. (shrink)

In Intuition et idéalités: Phénoménologie des objets mathématiques (2020), Dominique Pradelle questioned the nature of mathematical knowledge–the status of math.

Interoception, the ability to feel the body’s internal sensations, is an essential aspect of emotional experience. There is mounting evidence that interoception is impaired in common mental health disorders and that poor interoceptive awareness is a major contributor to emotional reactivity, calling for clinical interventions to address this deficit. The manuscript presents a comprehensive theoretical review, drawing on multidisciplinary findings to propose a metatheory of reinforcement mechanisms applicable across a wide range of disorders. We present a reconsideration of operant conditioning (...) through the co-emergence model of reinforcement, which is a neurophenomenological account of the interaction between cognition and interoception, and its consequences on behavior. The model suggests that during memory processing, the retrieval of autobiographical memory (including maladaptive cognition) is dependent upon its co-emerging interoceptive cues occurring at the encoding, consolidation and reconsolidation stages. Accordingly, “interoceptive reinforcement” during emotional distress is a common factor to all emotional disorders and a major cause for relapse. We propose that interoceptive desensitization has transdiagnostic benefits, readily achievable through the cultivation of equanimity during mindfulness training and can be integrated in cognitive and behavioral interventions to permit a transdiagnostic applicability. We summarize the contributions of this approach into 10 specific and testable propositions. (shrink)

O texto a seguir está dividido em quatro momentos articulados em torno de um diálogo com a teoria do reconhecimento social. No primeiro momento, procuro revisar os textos políticos de Kant com o objetivo de rediscutir alguns conceitos balizadores do que virá a ser a teoria do reconhecimento social. Conceitos como Natureza, sociabilidade insociável, a noção de liberdade em Kant, serão centrais para repensar o berço da teoria do reconhecimento e as justificações teóricas que amarram a utopia da paz perpétua. (...) No segundo movimento, restauro a crítica da primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt ao idealismo iluminista, centrando as análises na _Dialética do Esclarecimento _de Adorno e Horkheimer. É central, a compreensão do iluminismo como totalitarismo sistêmico, e, nossa investigação circulará esse ponto teórico recobrindo a obra e o retrospecto da discussão entre teoria crítica e projeto iluminista. No terceiro momento do texto, pontuo os principais elementos da escrita honnethiana, mais especificamente sua releitura dos escritos hegelianos de Jena, demonstrando como a _luta por reconhecimento_ é herdeira das imagens kantianas da razão pura-prática. Finalmente, elaboramos uma interpretação de _The End of Progress _de Amy Allen, que estabelece sólido terreno crítico à teoria do reconhecimento social, imaginando mecanismos teóricos para o desenlace dos problemas contidos nessa análise já tão celebradas pelas humanidades. (shrink)

Jakobson, in his essays, has tried to insert Peirce’s typology of signs (icon, index, symbol) in his own binary logic, in which every feature of a text may be considered or dismissed either with a 0 or with a 1 (absent, present). In so doing, he used the features “similarity versus contiguity” and “imputed versus factual”, and discovered that the notion of “imputed similarity” was not covered by Peirce’s triad. Hence the search for it. In this article, whose ideological basis (...) and quotations are mostly from Jakobson’s essays, the author tries to show that the notion of “translation” may be the missing link. Starting from Peirce’s main triad, and its initial incomprehension among Western scholars influenced by Saussure, the interpretant is then viewed as the subjective, affective component of sign and its interpretation. Syntax, considered in Peircean and Jakobsonian terms, is iconic. The evolution of meaning, characterizing all communication, is possible thanks to construction and thanks to metaphoric and metonymic connections. In the last part of the article, cultural implications of communication — and translation — are considered. (shrink)

SOMMAIRE La critique du pragmatisme comme psychologisme La phénoménologie malgré l?antipsychologisme La théorie des actes de conscience Le retour de la praxis.

Cognitive Science, Volume 46, Issue 7, July 2022.

Le premier tractatus du commentaire d'Albert le Grand à l'Isagoge de Porphyre consiste en une manière de proème ou d'introduction à l'ensemble de la logique. Comme la plupart des textes d'Albert le Grand, ce traité est d'une très grande richesse, qu'atténuent toutefois son manque d'ordre et son obscurité d'expression. Étant donné que les aspects fondamentaux de la logique y sont touchés—son statut scientifique et philosophique, son utilité, son sujet, sa division, sa relation aux sciences du langage, etc.—, ce petit ouvrage (...) est du plus haut intérêt pour quiconque cherche à mieux comprendre la logique et la philosophie de la logique du XIIIe siècle. L'auteur présente ici une traduction annotée et expliquée de ce texte difficile, faite d'après la version provisoire de la nouvelle édition de Cologne. Le relevé des sources principales de l'ouvrage révèle, sur un fond aristotélicien permanent, une forte influence des traités logiques arabes nouvellement arrivés en Occident. Pour des exemples de ces auteurs contemporains, voir Lafleur ( 1988, p. 182, l.37–44, p. 321, l.284–294). The first tractatus of Albert the Great's commentary on Porphyry's Isagoge consists of a kind of proem or introduction to the whole of logic. As most of Albert the Great's texts, this tract is of great richness, though it lacks order and is sometimes obscure. Since the fundamental themes of logic are addressed therein—its scientific and philosophical status, its utility, its subject, its division, its relation to the linguistic arts, etc.—, this small work is of high interest for anyone trying to better understand thirteenth-century logic and philosophy of logic. The author presents a translation of this difficult text, made after a preliminary version of the new critical edition and enriched with an introduction and explanatory notes. The survey of the main sources of the tract reveals, apart from a permanent artistotelian background, the strong influence of the Arabic logical treatises which were then coming in the Western world. (shrink)

A crítica de Platão à escrita se situa em meio ao conflito entre o mundo oral e a cultura escrita. Platão escreveu diálogos que são claramente o retrato de discussões que ocorreram na vida real, tenham ou não acontecido verdadeiramente. Os Ensaios de Montaigne, por outro lado, são monólogos que estabelecem uma interlocução com o leitor. Ambos tentaram de alguma forma superar a artificialidade da escrita trazendo ao texto a mesma versatilidade e vivacidade do discurso oral. Montaigne escreveu em uma (...) época na qual muitas obras em forma de diálogo circulavam, sendo então um gênero literário conhecido e influente na sua época. Os Ensaios emergem no contexto histórico do Renascimento com uma originalidade sem precedentes. Seria admissível julgar o estilo ensaístico de Montaigne como um novo gênero literário produzido com a pretensão de superar a forma de diálogo?Palavras-chave: Platão. Montaigne. Diálogo. Ensaio. Estilo. (shrink)