In this paper, we explore young Polish Catholic mothers' moral reasoning on abortion. We draw on the concept of maternal knowledge and theoretical insights developed within the ethics of care to shed light on the complexities and contradictions experienced by Catholic mothers in the context of reproductive choices. The narratives we gathered through in-depth interviews illustrate how mothers evoke embodied, experience-based maternal knowledge to challenge hegemonic frameworks associated with legal, medical, and religious authoritative knowledges. We show how mothers engage critically (...) with ideologized notions of sacrifice and suffering by placing these concepts in the context of relational maternal care work and argue that mothers adopt a position on the moral permissibility of abortion by reinterpreting religious norms and ideas, such as the protection of the family and vocation of care. (shrink)

The concept of the method based on the behavioural approach as the method minimizing hazardous behaviours of employees has been discussed in this article. The main focus has been laid upon one of the largest economic sectors, i.e. is the construction industry. Thereby, risks arising from an improper behaviour of construction workers, and also a factor contributing to it, have been described here. The influence of employee’s age and day time have been analysed in terms of accident rates. The attention (...) was also paid to alcohol consumed by workers during and after their work and to the influence that it has on dangerous behaviours. Different ways of approaches to the worker to improve safety and hygiene at work, as well as the manner in which the approach to employee should change depending on the situation, have been presented too. (shrink)

This article documents how biomedical researchers in the United Kingdom understand and enact the idea of “openness.” This is of particular interest to researchers and science policy worldwide in view of the recent adoption of pioneering policies on Open Science and Open Access by the U.K. government—policies whose impact on and implications for research practice are in need of urgent evaluation, so as to decide on their eventual implementation elsewhere. This study is based on 22 in-depth interviews with U.K. researchers (...) in systems biology, synthetic biology, and bioinformatics, which were conducted between September 2013 and February 2014. Through an analysis of the interview transcripts, we identify seven core themes that characterize researchers’ understanding of openness in science and nine factors that shape the practice of openness in research. Our findings highlight the implications that Open Science policies can have for research processes and outcomes and provide recommendations for enhancing their content, effectiveness, and implementation. (shrink)

The paper discusses the problem of assignment production resources in executing a production order on the example of the car rims manufacturing process. The more resources are involved in implementing the manufacturing process and the more they can be used interchangeably, the more complex and problematic the scheduling process becomes. Special attention is paid to the effective scheduling and assignment of rim machining operations to production stations in the considered manufacturing process. In this case, the use of traditional scheduling methods (...) based on simple calculations, or the know-how of process engineers often turns out to be insufficient to achieve the intended results. Due to the scale of the problems faced in practice, the methods based on approximate approaches (Genetic and Tabu Search) were used to solve them. In this perspective, the problem under consideration involves the extension of the classic assignment problem with the possibility of taking into account: the times of operations, potential changeovers and the capacity of production resources. (shrink)

Objective: There is lack of information on the presentation of eating disorders (EDs) in Saudi Arabia using gold standard clinical tools. The present study aimed to provide data on the presentation of EDs in Saudi Arabia using clinically validated measures.Method: Hundred and thirty-three individuals (33 male) with a mean age of 22 years (2.63) completed three measures: the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a semi-structured interview, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), a self-report measure, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (...) (DASS-21) to measure comorbid symptoms.Results: Individuals in Saudi Arabia reported higher levels of restraint, eating concern and shape concern and a higher global score, but lower levels of weight concern on the EDE-Q compared to the EDE. Female participants reported a higher global score, alongside significantly higher scores on the restraint, shape concern and weight concern subscales than males. The most common ED subtype was other specific feeding or ED. Compared with Western community samples, symptom severity in this purposive sample obtained from community settings was significantly higher in this sample.Discussion: Individuals with eating, weight and shape concerns in Saudi Arabia may feel more comfortable expressing their symptoms on a self-report tool compared with a face to face interview. However, it is possible that a self-report measure may over-estimate the severity of symptoms. The data suggest that clinicians in Saudi Arabia should regularly screen for EDs in all genders. It is also important to note that ED symptoms are a cause for concern in young people in Saudi Arabia. (shrink)

Individuals with chronic pain often experience co-existing sleep problems and depression-related states. Chronic pain, sleep problems, and depression interrelate, and have been shown to exacerbate one another, which negatively impacts quality of life. This study explored the relationships between pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality, and depression among individuals with chronic pain. Secondly, we tested whether sleep quality may moderate the relationship between pain and depression. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 1,059 adults with non-malignant chronic pain conditions and collected (...) measures related to pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality, and depression. Multiple regression analyses found that pain severity, pain interference, and sleep quality are all significantly associated with depression. Secondly, moderated regression analyses revealed that sleep quality moderates the relationship between pain interference and depression among individuals with chronic pain such that good sleep quality attenuates the effect of pain interference on depression, and poor sleep quality amplifies the effect of pain interference on depression. These findings suggest that sleep quality may be a relevant therapeutic target for individuals with chronic pain and co-existing depression. (shrink)

『정역』은 19세기 김일부 선생에 의해서 저술된 철학서이다. 『정역』의 핵심적 내용은 하도‧낙서의 변화원리를 통한 금화교역과 선후천변화원리라고 할 수 있다. 본 고에서는 『정역』에서의 금화교역과 선후천변화원리에 대한 역 철학적인 함의를 논명하기 위해서 먼저, 하도⋅낙서와 역수에 대하여 살펴보고, 다음으로 『주역』에서의 선후천과 『정역』의 금화교역과 선후천변화원리의 역 철학적 함의를 구명하고자 한다. 『주역』에서는 천시天時를 기준의 성인지도의 가각여부를 선후천의 기준으로 삼고 있다. 그러나 『정역』에서는 하도낙서의 금화교역을 통한 선후천변화를 설명하고 있다. 『정역』에서의 역수의 의미는 무엇인가? 본래 역수의 개념은 『서경』 「대우모」편과 『논어』 「요왈」편에서 처음 언급된 개념이지만 역수에 관해 체계적인 언급을 한 (...) 것은 『정역』이라 할 수 있다. 『정역』의 서문인 「대역서」에서 “역은 역(책력(冊曆))이니, 역(책력(冊曆))이 없으면 성인(聖人)도 없고, 성인이 없으면 역도 없다.”라고 밝히고 있다. 하도낙서와 역수는 어떤 상관성을 가지고 있는가? 역수의 표상체계가 하도·낙서이다. 왜냐하면 하도·낙서에 나타난 수리는 역수의 논리로 구성되어 있기 때문이다. 『주역』과는 달리 『정역』에서는 하도낙서의 금화자리가 교역함으로써 선후천변화가 이루어짐을 설명하고 있다. 즉 금화가 교역하니 천지비의 세상은 가고, 지천태의 세상이 온다는 것이다. 즉 현실세계인 낙서에서 미래의 이상세계인 하도세상으로 변화를 이룬다는 것이다. 그리고 『정역』에서는 삼백육십일의 세계를 후천세계로 규정하고 있다. 금화(오행의 금(金)과 화(火))가 교역하여 영원히 불변하는 삼백육십일의 완전한 세상을 이루는 근거를 두고 있다. 본 연구논문에서는 금화교역을 통한 선후천변화원리에 관한 역학적인 함의를 구명하기 위해서 하도⋅낙서와 역수원리, 금화교역과 선후천변화원리에 관하여 살펴보았다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 『주역』에서는 천도의 주체적 자각을 통해서 후천을 열어갈 수 있다는 것이다. 둘째, 『정역』에서는 금화교역을 통해서 대립과 갈등의 낙서세계를 극복하고 상생과 소통의 하도세상으로 선후천변화가 이루어진다는 것이다. 셋째, 『정역』에서 후천의 세계란 일 년 일수가 삼백육십일의 세계가 이루어진다는 것이다. 선후천이란 『주역』에서는 천시天時를 기준으로 한 성인지도聖人之道의 자각을 통해서 내 마음속에서 후천을 열어간다는 의미이요, 『정역』에서는 내면적인 자각과 더불어 물리적인 시간과 공간의 후천세계를 밝히고 있다는 차이를 확인할 수 있다. (shrink)