Progress in the technical means of monitoring to verify compliance to arms control treaties is discussed in the following areas: Real-time surveillance with charge-coupled devices in the visible and infrared; image enhancement with digital 1 image processing and with adaptive optics; imaging with radars based on satellites and on the ground; seismic monitoring with high frequency discrimination and with unattended in-country seismic stations; and nuclear weapons test monitoring with the global positioning satellite system.

By using interactive computer graphics (ICG), it is possible to discuss the numerical aspects of some arms race issues with more specificity and in a visual way. The number of variables involved in these issues can be quite large; computers operated in the interactive, graphical mode, can allow exploration of the variables, leading to a greater understanding of the issues. This paper will examine some examples of interactive computer graphics: (1) The relationship between silo hardening and the accuracy, yield, and (...) reliability of ICBMs; (2) Target vulnerability (Minuteman, Dense Pack); (3) Counterforce vs. countervalue weapons; (4) Civil defense; (5) Gravitational bias error; (6) MIRV; (7) National vulnerability to a preemptive first strike; (8) Radioactive fallout; and (9) Digital image processing with charge-coupled devices. (shrink)