Conversational agents (CA) are thought to be promising for psychotherapy because they give the impression of being able to engage in conversations with human users. However, given the high risk for therapy patients who are already in a vulnerable situation, there is a need to investigate the extent to which CA are able to contribute to therapy goals and to discuss CA’s limitations, especially in complex cases. In this paper, we understand psychotherapy as a way of dealing with existential situations (...) and position CAs in the context of the therapeutic experience of patients. This experience is determined by the patient’s unique personal context and specific therapy goals. We suggest that psychotherapy is a fundamentally dialogical activity, because it crucially involves work on the self and one’s self-narrative. This brings us to our central question: is it possible for CAs to engage in a productive therapeutic dialogue, given their limitations as epistemic agents? We will discuss several of those limitations, show how these undermine the possibility of engaging in a therapeutic dialogue, and illustrate those limitations through discussions of the cases of grief and abuse. (shrink)

Funktion und Bedeutung des Opus Postumum für die Philosophie Kants sind in der Forschungsliteratur umstritten. Dina Emundts zeigt, dass die Hauptaufgabe des Nachlasswerkes ist, ein System aller für die empirischen Erkenntnisse erforderlichen Begriffe auszuarbeiten, wie es Kant zur Fundierung der empirischen Physik als unerlässlich ansah. Darüber hinaus geht die Untersuchung der Frage nach, wie sich empirische Wissenschaften fundieren lassen.

Dina Bacalexi, « De pulsibus ad tirones. Galien et les médecins débutants : le pouls comme moyen de diagnostic et de pronostic ». In : Bulletin de l'Association Guillaume Budé, n° 2, juin 2001, pp. 131-152. Le traité de Galien Sur le pouls à l'usage des débutants a été composé lors du premier séjour du médecin à Rome et retravaillé, comme d'autres traités, lors du second séjour, vers la fin du siècle. Notre objectif, dans cette présentation, sera d'analyser un (...) - Médecine – Nouvel article. (shrink)

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the "I take care of myself" program for self-care in schoolchildren. Methods. Quasi-experimental study with a single pre-post test group, with the participation of 120 sixth grade students of the primary level of the Educational Institution of San Pedro - Huánuco, Peru 2022, in which the "I take care of myself" Program was applied. The data collection instrument was the self-care practices scale. In the hypothesis test, the Wilcoxon statistical test was used. Results. It (...) was found that the average score obtained in self-care before the application of the "I take care of myself" program was 3.7, and after this it was 4.0, finding significant differences in the pretest and posttest with p≤0.000. Likewise, there were significant differences in the dimensions of self-care such as practices related to universal self-care requirements, practices related to development self-care requirements, and practices related to self-care requirements in case of health deviation, all with p≤0.05. Conclusions. There are significant differences in self-care after applying the "I take care of myself" program in schoolchildren of the Educational Institution of San Pedro - Huánuco. (shrink)

The article explores how a new dimension of emotion – depth – is crucially important for a better understanding of emotion and its connection to rationality. It begins by identifying that depth is trapped in a circularity in which deep emotions are important because they refer to deep and important aspects of people’s lives. Following Danto’s discussion of deep interpretation (1981), it suggests that it is the contrast between deep and superficial that grants emotional perspective and the ability to identify (...) levels of emotional depth. After arguing that the emotional perspective is grasped by the narrative structure of emotion, it raises several objections that provide the ground to establish a difference between deep and profound. Then the paper concludes that the meaning of emotional depth is only fully understood in the ongoing contrast with the superficial described before, and states how further research on depth of emotion may provide the key to understanding the ambivalent status of emotions regarding their link to rationality. (shrink)

L'action et la pensee de Dina Dreyfus (1911-1999), ne furent pas moins clandestines qu'importantes. Restee dans l'ombre de son premier mari, Claude Levi-Strauss, dont on ignore trop souvent qu'elle fut la co-organisatrice de la mission Claude et Dina Levi-Strauss sur les Indiens du Mato-Grosso, Dina Dreyfus fut pourtant une ethnologue de terrain, qui sut participer activement a la fondation et au rayonnement de la discipline. Pendant la guerre, ses actes de resistance dans les reseaux montpellierains, furent menes (...) dans la clandestinite alors qu'elle enseignait sous la fausse identite de Denise Roche. Enfin, elle concut son travail d'enseignant puis d'inspecteur general de philosophie comme une mission au service des eleves et des enseignants. Elle fut la premiere a comprendre l'utilite des differents medias dans l'enseignement. (shrink)

Das Buch Die Aktivität der Wahrnehmung und die Metaphysik des Geistes ist ein wirklich gelungenes Buch. Es stellt eine ernsthafte und ergiebige Auseinandersetzung mit Hegels Texten (unter anderem Phänomenologie und Enzyklopädie ) dar und schafft es gleichzeitig, interessante und originelle Thesen überzeugend zu präsentieren. Von den Thesen, die Thomas Oehl vertritt, sind in meinen Augen zwei sowohl zentral als auch besonders strittig: die zur Aktivität der Wahrnehmung und die zu Gott als Geist beziehungsweise zu Hegels Philosophie der Religion. Mit diesen (...) beiden Thesen werde ich mich im Folgenden auseinandersetzen. (shrink)

Immanuel Kants Beziehungen zum Kreis der Berliner Aufklarer waren vielfaltig. Schuler, die in Berlin lebten, korrespondierten zeitlebens mit ihm, aber auch judische Gelehrte der Stadt und Personen in offentlichen Amtern. Unter Friedrich dem Grossen genoss er hohe Protektion, unter dem Nachfolger Friedrich Wilhelm II. wurde er gemassregelt. Das Buch entfaltet diese Beziehungen nicht systematisch, sondern in Facetten. Es enthalt u. a. Beitrage uber Kants Konigsberger Lebensverhaltnisse, die Berliner Schuler, die Berlinische Monatsschrift, die judische Aufklarung, den Spinozismusstreit, die Reaktionen auf die (...) Franzosische Revolution, sowie die preussischen Zwangsmassnahmen. Uber das Hauptthema hinaus fuhren Aufsatze uber Kants Verhaltnis zu Basedows Philanthropin und uber die Kant-Ausgabe der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Da die Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin 1999 Kants Manuskripte der letzten Lebensjahre erworben hat, schliesst der Band mit zwei Beitragen uber dieses "Opus postumum". (shrink)

Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit Kants Paralogismen der Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Im ersten Teil wird die These entwickelt, dass Kants Kritik an der rationalen Psychologie wesentlich auf der Behauptung beruht, dass etwas, das nur in der Zeit und nicht im Raum gegeben ist, nicht anhand des Begriffs der Substanz bestimmt werden kann. Im zweiten Teil wird gefragt, ob und wie das Ich als Begleitvorstellung wahrgenommen werden kann.

Este texto destaca a importância do trabalho de Gilbert Simondon para se repensar a individualidadebiológica em uma nova base filosófica. Na constituição das ciências da vida, o caráter relacional dos processosbiológicos foi obscurecido por um deslocamento de sentidos, que ocorreu como um aspecto da construção maisampla da individualidade moderna no século XIX. Biólogos teóricos recuperam a importância da noção de relação,reivindicando uma nova concepção de interação biológica, assim como dos conceitos de organismo, adaptação,informação, evolução. O pensamento de Simondon vai ao (...) encontro dessa perspectiva, propondo uma epistemologiaque afirma o caráter primordial da relação nos processos de individuação. Sua ontologia tem surpreendente afinidadecom a elaboração dessa vertente contemporânea da biologia teórica, sustentada por evidências empíricas da biologiamolecular. No entanto, elementos centrais da ontologia de Simondon, mesmo buscando dialogar com a ciência,situam-se em uma metafísica, abordando questões de fronteira nas ciências da vida e na relação entre ciência e filosofia. (shrink)

Der Band 14 des Internationalen Jahrbuchs des Deutschen Idealismus ist dem Thema der Auseinandersetzung von Kant und den Vertretern des Deutschen Idealismus mit den Rationalisten gewidmet. Beleuchtet werden in den Beiträgen die Beziehungen von Kant zu Wolff und Leibniz; von Fichte zu Spinoza und Leibniz, von Hegel zu Descartes und Spinoza, von Schelling zu Spinoza sowie von Novalis zu Spinoza. Die Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Bezügen bietet die Möglichkeit, Transformation und Kontinuität konkreter metaphysischer Themen der Frühen Neuzeit zu diskutieren. In vielen (...) Beiträgen wird darüber hinaus auch zum Thema gemacht, inwiefern und in welchem Sinne Kant und die deutschen Idealisten selbst eine 'rationalistische' Philosophie vertreten. Autori*innen des Bandes sind: Brady Bowman, Daniel Breazeale, Karin de Boer, Willem de Vries, Johannes Haag, Dietmar Heidemann, Thomas Hilgers, Marco Ivaldo, Anja Jauernig, Franz Knappik, Jane Kneller, Brandon C. Look, John McCumber, Yitzhak Y. Melamed, Oliver Sensen, Paul Ziche. Der Band bietet Einzelstudien herausragender Wissenschaftler*innen zum Verhältnis zweier wichtiger Traditionen in der Geschichte der Philosophie. (shrink)

This article revisits the figure of the ‘third world sweatshop worker’, long iconic of the excesses of the global expansion of flexible accumulation in late twentieth-century capitalism. I am interested in how feminist activists concerned with the uneven impact of neo-liberal policies can engage in progressive political interventions without participating in the ‘culture of global moralism’ that continues to surround conventional representations of third world workers. I situate my analysis in the national space of Bangladesh, where the economy is heavily (...) dependent on the labour of women factory workers in the garment industry and where local feminist understandings of the ‘sweatshop economy’ have not always converged with global feminist/left concerns about the exploitation inherent in the (now not so new) New International Division of Labor. The tensions or disjunctures between ‘global’ and ‘local’ feminist viewpoints animate the concerns of this article. I argue that de-contextualized critiques derived from abstract notions of individual rights, and corresponding calls for change from above — calls on the conscience of the feminist and the consumer, for instance — can entail troubling analytical simplifications. They highlight some relations of power while erasing others, thereby enacting a different kind of violence and at times undermining mobilizations on the ground. I draw attention to the multiple fields of power through which much of the activism across borders continues to be produced and reproduced discursively. This kind of framing fits all too easily into existing cultural scripts about gender and race elsewhere, and produces ethical obligations to ‘save’ women workers. (shrink)

"Erfahrung" ist fur Hegel ein Begriff, dem eine zentrale Bedeutung fur die Frage nach der Moglichkeit von Erkenntnis zukommt. Was ist fur Hegel "Erfahrung"? In diesem Buch wird durch die Beantwortung dieser Frage eine neue Interpretation von Hegels grundlegenden philosophischen Thesen gegeben. In einer Analyse der ersten vier Kapitel der "Phanomenologie des Geistes" werden methodische, erkenntnistheoretische und ontologische Aspekte von Hegels Erfahrungsbegriff herausgearbeitet. Hegels Methode stellt eine Alternative zu Kants transzendentaler Methode dar. Nach Hegel mussen philosophische Thesen durch Analysen von (...) Erfahrungen uberpruft und entwickelt werden. Dies gilt vor allem fur die Beantwortung der Frage nach der Moglichkeit von Erkenntnis, weil nur Erfahrungen Aufschluss uber einen angemessenen Begriff der Erkenntnis geben. Erkennen ist fur Hegel ein Prozess der Aneignung und Erfahrung von etwas Neuem. Daher vertritt Hegel eine gegenuber Kant grundlegend andere Theorie uber das fur Erkenntnis relevante Verhaltnis von Begriffen und sinnlichen Elementen. Es ist eine der Hauptabsichten dieses Buches, aufzuzeigen, dass fur Hegel Erkenntnis von der Moglichkeit des Bezugs auf Gegenstande abhangt, die von uns sinnlich erlebt werden und uns gegenuber 'widerstandig' sein konnen. Laut Hegels Ontologie sind die grundlegenden Elemente der Welt geistige Individuen. In Auseinandersetzung mit der Konzeption von Erfahrung wird Hegels Ontologie in einer Weise thematisiert, die seine Auffassung verschiedener Arten von Gegenstanden und ihres ontologischen Status' verstandlich machen. Die Analyse des Zusammenhangs von Erfahrung und Erkenntnis umfasst Hegels Theorie der Wahrnehmung, seine Vorstellung der Gesetzmaaigkeit der materiellen Welt sowie seinen Begriff des Lebens. (shrink)

This study does not claim to be an exhaustive critique of the contemporary cinema, whose abundance and diversity defies any attempt to unify it. It has no other purpose than to clarify the underlying meanings of certain productions which are typical of the medium (as for example, L'Avventura by Antonioni and A bout de souffle by Jean-Luc Godard), and to show that the “learned” cinema, that is, the cinema conscious of the ends pursued and the means employed, cannot but fail (...) when it undertakes to introduce new connnections between the sign and the sense. (shrink)

En medio del constante replanteo que la filosofía y las ciencias humanas en general han venido haciendo de nociones básicas como la de 'existencia', un horizonte de planteo intercultural permitirá acoger mejor las demandas de las sociedades contemporáneas cruzadas por diferentes centros histórico-culturales y por el fenómeno común de los movimientos sociales exigiendo cada uno reconocimiento de sus propios derechos. Se concibe tal planteo como una 'odisea de la libertad', ya que intenta perseguir el difícil camino de la libertad -en (...) tanto poder ser- hacia la realización de sí mismo, en relación al reconocimiento de sí y de los otros, en el ámbito comunitario y político. Sin olvidar la buena relación con la naturaleza y el cosmos y con lo que trasciende a cada realidad, en tanto abrigo de infinitud en el ámbito artístico y religioso. Se advierte entonces que el camino a la libertad atraviesa todo tipo de dificultades. Amid the constant reconsideration of basic notions such as "existence" by philosophy and human sciences, an intercultural proposal will give a better response to the demands of contemporary societies, which are crossed by different historical-cultural centers and by the common phenomenon of social movements claiming for their own rights. Such proposal is conceived as "an odyssey of freedom", since it pursues the hard path of freedom-as possibility to be-towards his own realization and regarding his own and others' acknowledgement in the community and political sphere, not forgetting the good relationship with nature and the cosmos and with what transcends each reality, as a shelter of infinity in the artistic and religious field. It is then noticed that the path to freedom undergoes all kinds of difficulties. (shrink)

Der Band 15 des Internationalen Jahrbuchs des Deutschen Idealismus ist dem Thema Psychologie gewidmet.

Pulmonary rehabilitation has demonstrated patients’ physiological and psychosocial improvements, symptoms reduction and health-economic benefits whilst enhances the ability of the whole family to adjust to illness. However, PR remains highly inaccessible due to lack of awareness of its benefits, poor referral and availability mostly in hospitals. Novel models of PR delivery are needed to enhance its implementation while maintaining cost-efficiency. We aim to implement an innovative community-based PR programme and assess its cost-benefit. A 12-week community-based PR will be implemented in (...) primary healthcare centres where programmes are not available. Healthcare professionals will be trained. 73 patients with CRD and their caregivers will compose the experimental group. The control group will include dyads age- and disease-matched willing to collaborate in data collection but not in PR. Patients/family-centred outcomes will be dyspnoea, fatigue, cough and sputum, impact of the disease, emotional state, number of exacerbations, healthcare utilisation, health-related quality of life and family adaptability/cohesion. Other clinical outcomes will be peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, muscle thickness and cross sectional area, exercise capacity, balance and physical activity. Data will be collected at baseline, at 12 weeks, at 3- and 6-months post-PR. Changes in the outcome measures will be compared between groups, after multivariate adjustment for possible confounders, and effect sizes will be calculated. A cost-benefit analysis will be conducted. This study will enhance patients access to PR, by training healthcare professionals in the local primary healthcare centres to conduct such programmes and actively involving caregivers. The cost-benefit analysis of this intervention will provide an evidence-based insight into the economic benefit of community-based PR in chronic respiratory diseases. The trial was registered in the ClinicalTrials. gov U.S. National Library of Medicine, on 10th January, 2019. (shrink)

This paper proposes that being able to feel self-pity is important to be resilient against injustices because it enables self-transformation. The suggestion for this reassessment of self-pity as a crucial self-conscious emotion for a more humanistic world aims to be an example of how philosophical reflection can be insightful for emotion research. The first part of the paper outlines a general introduction of philosophy of emotions and a description of how Hume’s analysis of pride changed its meaning and pertinently linked (...) it to human agency. The second part of the paper is devoted to self-pity and aims to offer a modified interpretation of its experience, ultimately suggesting that it is a way to cultivate resistance and endure injustices in the world. It begins by putting forward the generally accepted take on self-pity and then suggests that dismissing self-pity may increase its duration, and ultimately work as a type of denial of the world’s injustices. After describing how self-pity can be seen as a tour de force where the self is in a relationship of pity with itself, it further elaborates how self-pity may be taken as a type of calibration similar to how sleep works for the functioning organism. This makes it possible to interpret self-pity as a way to resiliently resist injustices while not dismissing them and keeping up the struggle to make the world a better place. Finally, the concluding remarks point out some consequences for the education of emotions and possible future research directions to be explored. Analogously to the undeniable way by which Hume changed the meaning of the emotion of pride, the conclusion hopes that a new way to understand self-pity is available. The overall goal is to amplify the already existing psychological descriptions showing the complementary role of philosophical research for the development of emotion research in general. (shrink)

Considering the prevalence of sexual harassment, especially in university contexts, it is essential to have a validated instrument to identify these characteristics in the educational community. For this reason, this study aimed to analyze the psychometric processes of the sexual harassment scale on university campuses. Using an instrumental design and a sample of 927 students, it was found that the values of the evidence of construct validity and reliability are acceptable. The practical implications of validating the instrument that will allow (...) the identification of sexual harassment problems to promote symmetrical coexistence between men and women are highlighted. (shrink)

The addition of new fragments to the Thyateira Decree offers a nearly complète text for the central part of the decree, which throws light on the foundation of the Panhellenion, in which Mettius Modestus and the Roman Senate played a part, as well as on the subject of the encomium of Athens and the relations between the Panhellenion and Eleusis. Some probable conjectures give a more précise idea of Hadrian's liberality towards Thyateira and the personality of an ambassador who brought (...) the decree and had the stele erected. This stele, set up on the Acropolis at Athens, was part of a group of city decrees (Synnada, Sardeis, Magnesia on the Meander, Kibyra), which were erected, according to Pausanias (I 5,5; I 18,9), in the "common sanctuary of all the gods" ("Pantheon"). It is on the Acropolis, then, that we must look for this monument, probably in or near the sanctuary of Pandion. (shrink)

Band 11 des Internationalen Jahrbuchs des Deutschen Idealismus widmet sich dem Thema Bewusstsein. Die Beiträge erörtern das Verständnis von Bewusstsein, Selbstbewusstsein und dem Verhältnis beider zueinander aus Sicht der Vertreter des Deutschen Idealismus und von deren Zeitgenossen. Während diese Themen schon lange mit dem Deutschen Idealismus verbunden sind, erfreuen sie sich in der Philosophie seit einigen Jahren insgesamt wieder eines großen Interesses. Der Band nimmt dies zum Anlass, um sich intensiv mit Fragen zur Möglichkeit, Bedeutung und Rolle von Bewusstsein und (...) Selbstbewusstsein auseinanderzusetzen. (shrink)

Inscriptions of the Epigraphic Museum in Athens (II) This article, a continuation of BCH 132 (2008) pp. 473-553, presents a series of fragments studied and joins made at the Epigraphic Museum in Athens by D. Peppas Delmousou, Honorary Director of the Museum. The inscribed monuments are bases, herms, or stelae. The honorific inscriptions and dedications concern roman emperors, Augustus and Hadrian, Romans fulfilling administrative duties, known or unknown otherwise, Athenian aliens or roman citizens, a few unknown and some women, such (...) as Vibullia Alcia, mother of Herodes Atticus, or Paramona, or priestesses of a Kourotrophos goddess and of Demeter. Several monuments had been consecrated in sanctuaries, notably at the Asklepieion, the priest and the zákoros of which are occasionally mentioned. (shrink)

L’article présente les recollages réalisés au Musée épigraphique par D. Peppas Delmousou et les révisions de textes faites à cette occasion, soit 39 documents, souvent complétés par de nouveaux fragments : un fragment de décret et deux de lettres impériales, deux tables d’archontes et une liste du Ier siècle, peut-être de philoi, cinq listes de prytanes ou d’aïsitoi, cinq documents agonistiques, une liste de noms inscrite sur un chapiteau et un haut de colonne, quatre documents évoquant des constructions ou réparations (...) ou des épimélètes chargés de ces travaux, sept épitaphes, huit épigrammes, notamment pour Secundilla et Attikia, et deux brèves inscriptions paléo-byzantines. L’ensemble comprend quelques fragments inédits ou omis dans les corpora récents. Ces documents sont de l’époque romaine entendue au sens large, du IIe siècle av. J.-C. au VIe siècle apr. J.-C. Chacun est accompagné d’une description, d’une photographie et d’un commentaire. (shrink)

Der 13. Band des Internationalen Jahrbuchs für deutschen Idenalismus widmet sich dem Thema,Begehren‘. Von Alix Cohen und Paul Guyer wird in verschiedener Weise herausgearbeitet, dass Begehren bei Kant einen wichtigen Beitrag zur moralischen Handlung leistet. Federica Basaglia behandelt die Frage, welche Rolle das Begehrungsvermögen für Kants Thesen dazu spielt, was der moralische Status von Tieren ist. Andreas Schmidt und Allen Wood beschäftigen sich in ihren Beiträgen mit Begehren bei Fichte. Christoph Halbig widmet sich der Frage, auf welche Weise Hegel affektive (...) Dimensionen des menschlichen Lebens in seine Philosophie integriert. Ulrich Pothast behandelt das Thema bei Schopenhauer und Judith Norman untersucht den Charakter des Begehrens oder Sehnens in der deutschen Romantik. Neben diesen Einzelstudien zu Kant, Fichte, Hegel und den Frühromantikern diskutieren Thomas Khurana, Ludwig Siep und Sebastian Gardner verschiedene Philosophen der klassischen deutschen Philosophie vergleichend. (shrink)