This article focuses on Karl Jaspers’s notion of the Axial Age, some of its critical appropriation, and how in particular Habermas has returned to this idea, after several critical engagements with Jaspers’s work through his long scholarly productivity. The article, however, centers on Habermas’s selective and critical use of Jaspers’s notion in his own latest and extensive engagement with what he calls “a genealogy of postmetaphysical thinking.” The goal of the article is to identify the ways in which Habermas is (...) refurbishing Jaspers’s generative concept, but at the same time, how his work on postsecular consciousness opens itself to some liabilities by not taking enough distance from the concept. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:From Methodological Naturalism to Interpretive Exclusivism About Religious PsychopathologyJosé Eduardo Porcher, PhDA particularly deep form of hermeneutical injustice arises when clinicians undermine a patient’s meaningful interpretation of their alleged psychotic symptoms within a religious framework. Cases like Femi’s (Rashed, 2010) illustrate how diagnosing and treating psychotic symptoms with religious content can perpetuate this injustice. Femi’s symptoms, which were very real, were interpreted solely as indicative of a psychotic (...) episode, without considering the possibility of a religious experience. Although hermeneutical injustice is often caused by negative stereotypes, lack of conceptual resources, implicit biases, practices of epistemic privileging, patronizing attitudes, and wrongful pathologization, I propose that interpretive exclusivism about religious psychopathology plays a pivotal role in causing hermeneutical injustice when attributing psychotic symptoms with religious content—that is, the view that an experience is either psychopathological or religious (Scrutton, 2023). Routinely, on attributing psychosis, the potential for the patient to have a genuine religious experience is disregarded and excluded from the therapeutic process and from the very realm of possibility. Why?In their thoughtful commentary, Rosa Ritunnano and Ian James Kidd do me the favor of not only giving careful attention to my argument, but also elucidating my position and providing avenues for further clarification. Although I have not gone much into what is behind interpretive exclusivism, they are right to point to unquestioning adherence to some form of naturalism. Contrary to what they intimate, however, I do not think we are speaking of different kinds of hermeneutical injustice. As I see it, we are speaking about the same kind of injustice, only at different levels of explanation. In my article, I rhetorically ask why [End Page 241] it is assumed that psychotic and religious experiences cannot coexist, and why it is assumed that the same experience cannot be both a genuine religious experience and an instance of psycho-pathology. Ritunnano and Kidd point in the right direction when they say, “Some interpretations of kinds of experience with religious content can be undermined if one is committed to a metaphysical naturalism” (2024, p. 235).Naturalism can be divided into two components: metaphysical and methodological (Papineau, 2020). The metaphysical component concerns the contents of reality, affirming the absence of “supernatural” or other metaphysically elusive entities. In contrast, the methodological component focuses on approaches to investigating reality and attributes a general authority to the scientific method. Therefore, metaphysical naturalism is the more comprehensive view, as it outright denies the existence of the supernatural. Meanwhile, methodological (or scientific) naturalism refers to a pragmatic approach within scientific inquiry, stating that the right methodology to investigate and research something (where this something might not be immediately obvious to be a scientific topic) is that of science, often particular of natural sciences.Although a commitment to metaphysical naturalism may at times be what lies behind interpretive exclusivism, we do not need to go that far, since a commitment to methodological naturalism is enough to breed unwarranted ontological exclusion in practice (Plantinga, 1997; Ratcliffe, 2003). This in turn leads to interpretive exclusivism which is, I argue, the main theoretical flaw behind the kind of hermeneutical injustice I am trying to flesh out. As Ritunnano and Kidd observe, either tacit or explicit adherence to such ontological exclusion causes individuals to struggle to view another person’s spiritual or religious interpretive framework as coherent or even intelligible. Note, however, that the opposite of interpretive exclusivism—that is, interpretive inclusivism—does not need to affirm that the experience is exclusively or even genuinely religious but rather keeps that question open while considering significant epistemic and meaning-making possibilities.Finally, in his commentary, Alasdair Coles (2024) proposes that I overlook the fact that some individuals undergo psychoses featuring deeply distressing and dark religious imagery, the dismissal of which can be therapeutically beneficial. He also contends that therapists often default to considering all religious content as inauthentic, contrasting this with my alleged stance, which he believes assumes the opposite extreme and may be equally or more harmful. In making these assertions, he misrepresents my argument on two counts. I took care to avoid implying that all religious experiences should be uncritically accepted and that all religious content is inherently... (shrink)

Em sua obra Semiótica dos Jogos Infantis, Pierre Normando Gomes-da-Silva situa o movimento humano e, por conseguinte, a Educação Física, no campo da linguagem, especificamente das semióticas (francesa, americana e russa). Apresenta um arcabouço teórico e desenhos de análise semiótica que permitem visualizar e acompanhar a produção de sentido ou a semiose que transcorre em diferentes jogos infantis. O sujeito da aprendizagem foi tomado como configuração sígnica das experiências vividas, denominando-as corporeidades. O movimento como signo motor é descrito como ocorrências (...) comunicativas, situações de movimento, que produzem uma ambiência afetiva, temporalidade em que se realizam as aprendizagens, produzindo efeitos de interpretação nos participantes, alterando as configurações existenciais. (shrink)

La instancia filosófica del cominciamento hace referencia a aquel paso absolutamente primero del pensamiento, que es presupuesto y fundamento de todo contenido, modo y acto ulterior del propio pensar. En la modernidad, la instancia del inicio es reivindicada por Hegel, quien, al igual que Tomás de Aquino en el medioevo, concibe el “ser” como punto de partida del pensamiento. A pesar de esta convergencia entre ambos autores, presentan una profunda divergencia especulativa. Tanto la convergencia como la divergencia mencionadas serán examinadas (...) en este trabajo, siguiendo las investigaciones del filósofo italiano Cornelio Fabro. (shrink)

This article presents a critical account of Agamben’s understanding of the logic of sovereignty and of the notion bare life, particularly Agamben’s approach to the paradox of sovereignty and its relation to Aristotle’s metaphysical category of potentiality. With regards to bare life, it brings together an analysis of the figure of the homo sacer with an account of Agamben’s use of paradigms as methodological tools. The first part of the paper argues that Agamben ontologises sovereignty by dramatising the paradox of (...) its structure as im-potentiality. The second part claims that even though an account of Agamben’s methodology serves to respond to the different critiques that his notion of bare life has raised, Agamben’s notions of sovereignty and of bare life ultimately rely on Schmitt’s decisionism. El artículo hace un recuento crítico de la forma en que Agamben entiende la lógica de la soberanía y la noción de nuda vida, particularmente su abordaje de la paradoja de la soberanía y su relación con la categoría metafísica aristotélica de la potencialidad. Con respecto a la nuda vida, combina el análisis de la figura del homo sacer con un recuento del uso que hace Agamben de los paradigmas como herramientas metodológicas. En la primera parte del ensayo, se argumenta que Agamben ontologiza la soberanía al dramatizar la paradoja de su estructura como im-potencialidad. En la segunda, se afirma que aunque la descripción de la metodología de Agamben sirve para responder a las diferentes críticas suscitadas por su noción de nuda vida, sus nociones de soberanía y de nuda vida dependen, en última instancia, del decisionismo de Schmitt. Este artigo apresenta a versão crítica do entendimento de Agamben sobre a lógica da soberania e da noção de vida nua. Em particular, a aproximação de Agamben para o paradoxo da soberania e da sua relação com a categoria metafísica da potencialidade de Aristóteles. No que diz respeito à vida nua, reúne uma análise da figura do homo sacer com uma explicação do uso de Agamben de paradigmas como ferramentas metodológicas. Na primeira parte deste artigo, argumenta-se que Agamben ontologiza a soberaniadramatizando o paradoxo de sua estrutura como im-potencialidade. Na segunda parte, será alegado que, apesar de uma explicação da metodologia de Agamben ter servido para responder às diferentes críticas que sua noção de vida nua tenha levantado, em última análise, duas noções da soberania e vida nua de Agamben dependem do "decisionismo schmittiano". (shrink)

Este trabajo presenta como objetivo revelar la influencia de los contextos socioeconómicos en las maneras de afrontamiento al cáncer como enfermedad. Se muestra un análisis sobre el cáncer como problema social y de salud; se analiza el papel de algunos entes sociales involucrados, el acceso de los enfermos a las terapias y de los productores de fármacos a las nuevas tecnologías. Se reflexiona acerca de la sobreevaluación de los fármacos que dificulta el acceso a novedosas y efectivas terapias; la supeditación (...) del saber tecnocientífico a los intereses del capital; la creciente contaminación ambiental como detonante al incremento de casos; y la escasez de tecnologías para la prevención y el saneamiento en países subdesarrollados. Finalmente se refiere el programa cubano de lucha contra el cáncer, su situación actual y proyecciones. This paper aimes at revealing the influence of the socioeconomic contexts on the way cancer is faced as a disease. An analysis about cancer as a social and health problem is presented; the role of some social organizations involved the sick's access to therepies and drug producers' access to new technologies. It is reflected on the over-asessment of drugs which makes access to new and effective therapies difficult; the subordination of the technoscientific knowledge to the interests of the capital; the growing environmental pollution as a trigger for cases increase; and the limited technological resources for prevention and cleanup in underdeveloped countries. Finally, it is made reference to the Cuban cancer fighting program, its current status and scope. (shrink)

O presente trabalho procura discutir a função-autor a partir de Michel Foucault em suas possíveis contribuições ao campo da Ciência da Informação. Tratando-se de trabalho de caráter qualitativo, a partir de material bibliográfico, realizou-se a leitura da literatura pertinente à temática em textos de Michel Foucault e Paul Otlet, a fim de identificar o tratamento dispensado à figura do autor em ambos, procedendo à realização de um exercício comparativo. Identificou-se em Paul Otlet a presença da atribuição à figura do autor (...) o papel explorado por Michel Foucault em seus textos, correspondendo a um sentido ordenador e a uma espécie de chave de leitura para um conjunto a que se compreende por “obra”. Concluiu-se a necessidade de aprofundar o tratamento dos textos foucaultianos no campo da Ciência da Informação, procurando compreender as condições de possibilidade dos nossos objetos. (shrink)

Paulo Arantes explora a imagem original de fronteira que nasce com a modernidade e reflete sobre seus desdobramentos na atualidade geopolítica. O ponto de partida é a tese do sociólogo polonês Zygmunt Bauman de que os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001 teriam marcado o fim simbólico da “era do espaço” e inaugurado uma era de vulnerabilidade permanente que ele denomina “terra de fronteira global”. Arantes recupera a teoria schmittiana de “nomos da terra” para explicar a transformação em curso. (...) Interessa-lhe sobretudo o poder de desmistificação do pensamento liberal moderno que a franqueza do jurista alemão reacionário oferece. Afinal, sua teoria da vinculação intrínseca entre ordenamento jurídico e enraizamento espacial permite reconhecer na descoberta do Novo Mundo e na experiência colonial a precondição da instauração do jus publicum eruropaeum, do reconhecimento mútuo de Estados soberanos europeus e da consequente racionalização e descriminalização da guerra próprios da constituição do capitalismo. Na contramão da euforia globalizante da ideologia contemporânea, a teoria de Schmitt revela como o núcleo orgânico do capitalismo e sua periferia colonial surgem juntos e devem terminar separados, pois o fosso entre ambas seria constitutivo. A segunda consequência extraída é de que se o fundamento do estado de direito na Europa é seu avesso no ultramar, esse processo também é coetâneo de um pensamento por linhas globais. É nesse contexto que Arantes procura refletir sobre a novidade identificada por Bauman e já intuída por Schmitt no pós-guerra com o surgimento de uma potência nacional fora da Europa e que passa a reivindicar autoridade sobre um espaço já não é mais nacional. Demarcando uma nova linha global denominada “hemisfério ocidental”, os EUA inaugurariam também um novo conceito de soberania que despreza a antiga noção de anexação territorial e desarticula a relação intrínseca entre direito, Estado e territorialidade – processo que remonta tanto ao esgotamento da sangrenta expansão na frontier estadunidense quanto à vitória bélica avassaladora da jovem nação americana no desfecho das guerras mundiais às portas da Era Atômica. Os atentados contra o World Trade Center e os desmandos da política externa do Governo Bush aparecem assim como apenas as manifestações mais recentes e vistosas desse novo paradigma histórico em que tudo tornou-se fronteira e cuja marca é a generalização do estado de sítio. (Resenha por Artur Renzo). (shrink)

In The Good Citizen, nine well-known scholars discuss the idea - and ideal - of citizenship. The writers are female and male, white, black, Asian, and Latina/o. In an engaging discussion of history, prejudice, and cultural conflict, these thinkers make the case that a renewed America requires not only cooperation, but a pluralistic collaboration. The Good Citizen aims to encourage a national dialogue on the difficult question we all face: What exactly does it mean to be an American?

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we argue that killing a Conditional Threat usually involves an unnecessary act of self-defense, so killing this aggressor is usually morally impermissible. We defend this thesis by showing that this case is fundamentally similar to a case involving an Unconditional Threat in which the victim can flee to safety although this involves incurring a minor cost. Second, we analyze the thresholds of maximal harm that victims are required to bear before they are (...) permitted to defend themselves by harming their aggressors related to the conditions of necessity and of proportionality. We argue that the maximal harm a victim is required to bear sanctioned by the condition of necessity is, all else being equal, lower than the maximal harm that a victim must bear sanctioned by the condition of proportionality. This result is relevant for determining in which cases victims may use lethal force against Conditional Threats, both in the individual case and also in the case of war. (shrink)

In this dialogue with Yuk Hui, Eduardo Viveiros de Castro discusses his work on the Amerindian perspectivism, multinaturalism; the relation between nature, culture and technics in his ethnographic studies; as well as the necessity of a non-anthropocentric definition of technology. He also discusses a haunting futurism of ecological crisis and automation of the Anthropocene, and explores a “strategic primitivism” as survival tool.

Este texto se recomprende la noción escolástica de verdad como adecuatio intellectus et rei a la luz de la la interpretación heideggeriana como ¿develación¿. Para ello se siguen tres momentos al hilo de tres preguntas: ¿en qué consiste esta adecuación?, ¿en qué sentido el intelecto y la cosa pensda se parecen? y ¿cuál es la esencia de la verdad?

O presente estudo realiza uma análise da aplicação do artigo 26-A da LDB (Brasil, 1996), que determina a obrigatoriedade do ensino de história e cultura africana, afrobrasileira e indígena nas instituições de ensino. A pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender de que forma gestores escolares implementam a educação das relações étnico-raciais (ERER) em escolas de dois municípios do Vale do Rio Caí/RS. Em termos metodológicos, configura-se como estudo de caso, de cunho quali-quantitativo, com produção de dados por meio de questionários semi-estruturados (...) encaminhados aos gestores das escolas da rede pública de Bom Princípio e São Sebastião do Caí, situados no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Os resultados apontam desconfortos e incertezas quanto à condução de situações de racismo existentes nas escolas, bem como, sinalizam a necessidade de suporte pedagógico e de espaços de reflexão coletiva sobre o tema de forma que possibilitem a reeducação das relações étnico-raciais. (shrink)

La presente edición de la revista Polis tiene como tema central la(s) ciencia(s), la(s) tecnología(s) y la producción colectiva de saber(es). El desarrollo científico en nuestros países, llegados tardíamente a la revolución industrial, de frustrada y asimétrica industrialización, es claramente insuficiente y aún no han logrado incorporarse a la nueva revolución científico-tecnológica. Simultáneamente, nuestras sociedades se encuentran en un proceso de profundas transformaciones en su sistema..

RESUMEN En este trabajo intento determinar, a partir de textos escogidos de todas las épocas de la producción teórica de Carl Schmitt, de qué manera este autor entiende la comprensión jurídica y de qué manera este modo de comprensión tiene alcances generales para la comprensión práctica. En la medida en que el derecho tematiza las condiciones y los polos de la comprensión, la posición del jurista se distancia tanto de la inclinación hacia el polo ideal, que Schmitt identifica con la (...) racionalidad tecnológica, cuanto de la inclinación hacia el polo real, que Schmitt liga a ciertas formas del romanticismo y el pensamiento teológico. RESUMO Neste artigo, tento determinar, a partir de textos selecionados de todos os períodos da produção teórica de Carl Schmitt, como esse autor entende a compreensão jurídica e como esse modo de compreensão tem alcance geral para a compreensão prática. Na medida em que o direito estuda as condições e os polos de compreensão, a posição do jurista distancia-se da inclinação para o polo ideal, que Schmitt identifica com a racionalidade tecnológica, bem como da inclinação para o polo real, que Schmitt conecta com certas formas de romantismo e pensamento teológico. (shrink)

One thousand four-hundred thirty Portuguese psychologists answered a questionnaire that had been designed in order to ascertain the level of acceptability of a set of proposed ethical principles, which subsequently served as a basis for the Portuguese Psychologists’ Ethics Code. On the one hand, the results show that, as expected, the ethical principles rated high on the evaluation scale. On the other hand, the results also highlighted the need for a formal regulation of the practice of psychology in Portugal, especially (...) in view of participants’ noticeable failure to recognize the importance of the principle of professional integrity. The responsibility of psychologists in modern societies is huge. As such, the large number of different training programs in Portugal, and the implied lack of a strong professional identity, is a cause of concern. The creation of a professional association allows an external identification of the profession in terms of aims and methods. The main goal of such an association is to promote public trust and enhance public demand. The results also indicate that training and experience lead to a higher valorization of ethical principles, and this is an insight that will be of great importance to the professional practice of psychology. (shrink)

In this article, a mixed integer linear program model is proposed for the production, lot sizing, and scheduling of automotive plastic components to minimize the setup, inventory, stockout, and backorder costs, by taking into account injection molds as the main index to schedule on parallel flexible injection machines. The proposed MILP considers the minimum and maximum inventory capacities and penalizes stockout. A relevant characteristic of the modeled problem is the dependence between mold setups to produce plastic components. The lot sizing (...) and scheduling problem solution results in the assignment of molds to machines during a specific time period and in the calculation of the number of components to be produced, which is often called lot size, following a sequence-dependent setup time. Depending on the machine on which the mold is setup, the number of units to be produced will be distinct because machines differ from one another. The stock coverage, defined in demand days, is also included in the MILP to avoid backorders, which is highly penalized in the automotive supply chain. Added to this, the proposed model is extended by considering setup common operators to respond to and fulfill the constraints that appear in automotive plastic enterprises. In this regard, the MILP presented solves a lot-sizing and scheduling problem, emerged in a second-tier supplier of a real automotive supply chain. Finally, this article validates the MILP by performing experiments with different sized instances, including small, medium, and large. The large-sized dataset is characterized by replicating the amount of data used in the real enterprise, which is the object of this study. The goodness of the model is evaluated with the computational time and the deviation of the obtained results as regards to the optimal solution. (shrink)

ABSTRACT In this article, we intend to start from certain reinterpretations that have been made about the Saussurean construct on the langue object, taking as a basis mainly the relational notion of system, the linguistic value, to then create possibilities of dialogue with the axiological perspective of langue present in Mikhail Bakhtin. Such perspective in this author takes shape in the concept of heteroglossia and discourse genres, in which this object must be understood in terms of social and historical relations. (...) Also, in the linguistic-textual elaboration of a genre, the statements operate in relation to each other, in order to bring together and/or confront different social and ideological voices. Starting from this episteme, which sees langue and the effects that result from it as a constitutively relational object, we believe that a convergence between the two authors is possible in order to re-signify ways of interpreting the world through the science of language. (shrink)

Peirce’s analyses of the concept of information begin in the period from 1865 to 1869 and continue until the last years of his life. In fact, the successive phases that the scholars distinguish about Peirce’s approaches to information, roughly match Fisch’s periodization of Peirce’s philosophical development. In the first phase his approach is restricted to the proposition and the terms that knock it into shape; the forms of inference prevail. In the second phase the concept of information is enriched with (...) the development of Peirce’s semiotic theory and his typology of signs. By last, his concept of information receives a more decidedly metaphysical stamp. In this paper we will just expose Peirce’s conception of information during the first of these phases, foregrounding his papers Upon Logical Comprehension and Extension (W2 [1867]: 70-86) and Questions on Reality (W2 [1868]: 162-87). Here, individuals explore and actualize possibilities in thought, once they articulate their experience through a social system of signs. That’s why, in inferring, “we ought to say that we are in thought, and not that thoughts are in us” (EP 1 [1868]: 42). (shrink)

Este artigo procura situar aspectos importantes da leitura de Schopenhauer acerca da filosofia de Kant, especialmente no que concerne ao Esquematismo Transcendental. Schopenhauer promove uma revisão dos principais conceitos presentes na obra de Kant, ao mesmo tempo em que promove uma crítica do conteúdo do pensamento do filósofo de Könnisberg, preenchendo o que julga serem lacunas importantes do pensamento kantiano e investindo diretamente contra aquilo que considera os seus equívocos.

The main purpose of this article is, from a semiotic perspective, arguing for the recognizing of a semantic role of the imagination as a necessary condition to our linguistic experience, regarded as an essential feature of the relations of our thought with the world through signification processes ; processes centered in but not reducible to discourse. The text is divided into three parts. The first part presents the traditional position in philosophy and cognitive sciences that had barred until recent times (...) the possibility to investigate the semantic function performed by imagination, mainly due to the anti-psychologist arguments on which it is based. After that, I situate my perspective inside of the recent research panorama in philosophy and cognitive science. The second part presents the semiotic framework on the relation between thought, language, and world, conceived through the concepts of signification processes and sense-conditions. Within this framework, I introduce the concept of linguistic experience, characterizing semantic imagination as one of its sense-conditions. In the third part, several pieces of evidence for corroborating the semantic function of imagination are discussed. These pieces come from the fields of phenomena denoted as diagrammatic thought and counterfactual thought. Diagrammatic thought, briefly discussed, points out the semantic work of imagination in the semi-discursive sign systems constructed in mathematics, logic, and natural science. After defending a widening of the concept of counterfactual thought, and its intrinsic relation with semantic imagination, the role of semantic imagination is briefly discussed in some types of counterfactual thought found in our conceptions of modal concepts, in thought experiments, in apagogical arguments, and in the creative discursive devices. (shrink)

Pretendemos com este artigo apresentar a arte na filosofia nietzschiana como detentora de afirmação da vida e fidelidade à Terra. Igualmente, descrever como sua manifestação proporciona ao homem novos significados da vida, em razão do seu caráter de criação e valoração proveniente da vontade de poder que o filósofo esquematiza como um valor superior aos valores predeterminados. Como um dos pilares de sua filosofia, Nietzsche ao apresentar a doutrina do eterno retorno como uma opção de formação de caráter, e não (...) como uma confirmação cosmológica, afirma que não é o homem que se valoriza através da vida, mas a vida se afirma através do homem. Neste sentido, questionamos como que para Nietzsche a arte pode se apresentar como uma força que sobrepõe às ações, os instintos e sentimentos do homem que, com a crise dos valores, passou a não mais ter como referência a ideia cristã de um Deus criador absoluto. Nietzsche descreve que livrar a humanidade da sombra de Deus equivale a um procedimento de aniquilamento dos valores cristãos, e não dos instintos e sentidos humanos. Ao descrever a arte como uma proposta de afirmação da vida e fidelidade à Terra, Nietzsche apresenta a diferenciação que deve existir entre um niilismo que nega a vida e uma atitude que se apropria da vida, afirmando-a. (shrink)

Sin utopía la vida sería un ensayo para la muerte(Joan Manuel Serrat)El imaginario que se ha ido instalando en el mundo que vivimos, ha desechado lo que ha sido un elemento constitutivo hasta ahora en la historia de la humanidad: la capacidad de soñar con un mundo distinto y mejor al que hemos sido capaces hasta ahora de construir. Hemos pasado abruptamente desde una época casi delirantemente utópica, al descrédito y desplome casi absoluto de todas las utopías. El desplome de (...) los intentos por.. (shrink)

Klimovsky (1984) and (1982) presents a dilemma against any semantics of natural language while offering an objection against the syntactist view of it. As a reply, Moretti (2011) offers a “minimally” syntactist solution to Klimovsky’s objections. In this paper I have two goals. First, I want to rescue Klimovsky’s general dilemma and his objections against syntactism. Second, I argue that Moretti’s way out of the dilemma does not fully succeed. The paper concludes by arguing that the dilemma is still standing (...) and should concern our best available semantic theories. (shrink)

En este trabajo analizamos las relaciones de complementación en la lengua toba hablada en el este de la provincia de Formosa en estrecha correlación con construcciones seriales simétricas. Se trata de dos tipos de cláusulas complejas cercanas –argumentos compartidos, los dos o más verbos son finitos, no existe marca evidente de subordinación en términos sintácticos– por lo cual los límites entre ambas no resultan evidentes. Por este motivo, proponemos un abordaje de tipo funcional de la subordinación. En línea con la (...) propuesta de Cristófaro, entendemos la subordinación como una relación asimétrica entre dos eventos y no como un tipo específico de cláusula. Proponemos que no existe la complementación en esta lengua como tipo de cláusula y que la “incrustación” no es un criterio que nos permita abordar el fenómeno. El corpus se compone de cinco horas de texto libre narrativo relevado en sucesivos trabajos de campo en las comunidades tobas de Barrio Nam Qom y la ex Colonia secular Bartolomé de Las Casas. (shrink)

The iconic and diagrammatic features of abduction, as expressed in Peirce’s works after 1890, allow one to re-read the Kantian concept of schema. By means of this new reading, it is possible to consider the dynamics between legality and creative acts, which, according to Emilio Garroni, keep cultures alive. This process can be analysed by a semiotic theory that could combine the features of Kant’s Aesthetic Judgment (as an answer to schema’s problems) and Peirce’s last theory of abduction. In this (...) way, it becomes possible to go beyond the simple subsumption, through Reflective Judgment, of sensible intuitions under a concept. Thus, creativity becomes the process, both mental and cultural, whereby a new regularity come from the background of the previous one as a result of the free play of our faculties (Musement), which sets links between universes of experience apparently very distant one from another. (shrink)

The main object of the article is the exposition of the critical theory of culture of Georg Simmel, which we can call «tragedy of modern culture». In connection with this exhibition, whose topicality we do not doubt since the social and cultural problems that to a large extent are still suffered in large cities are being brought to the table, we present Simmel’s idea of culture as a condensation of the idea of culture developed by German idealism. On the other (...) hand, and as a second objective, we will try to demonstrate the line of continuity that exists between Simmel and the critical theory of the Frankfurt School with respect to the criticism of modern culture. (shrink)

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal describir y analizar la percepción de Manuel Baldomero Ugarte sobre Estados Unidos. Ugarte fue literato y político, pero también fue un pensador interesado por los asuntos internacionales de América Latina. Evidencia de ello son sus propuestas integracionistas y antiimperialistas, en las cuales la presencia de Estados Unidos era evidente. Debido a lo anterior, se estima conveniente explicar qué pensó Ugarte sobre la nación norteamericana, y desde esa perspectiva, contribuir a la discusión sobre tan (...) trascendental intelectual latinoamericano. The purpose of this work is to describe and analyze the perception of Manuel Baldomero Ugarte about the United States. Ugarte was a writer and a politician, but it was also a thinker interested in the Latin America’s international affairs. Testimony of this are his integrationist and anti-imperialist proposals, in which the U.S. presence was evident. Thus, it is considered advisable to explain what he thought about the American nation, and from this perspective, to contribute to the discussion around this important Latin American intellectual. (shrink)

É inegável a influência que a obra de Nietzsche exerceu na filosofia de Deleuze. Inaugurando, de certo modo, um novo estilo de pensamento na cultura do Ocidente, Nietzsche conferiu novas interpretações a certos conceitos filosóficos considerados imutáveis e eternos, como os conceitos de verdade, de essência e de força. Utilizando-se da tipologia de forças nietzschianas, Deleuze nos mostra como o saber do Ocidente se funda em um pensamento que o filósofo francês denominará de representacional, em oposição a um pensamento da (...) diferença, elucidando como estas duas formas de conhecer se correlacionam a tipos distintos de forças. Assim, o conceito de força cunhado por Nietzsche permitirá a Deleuze não somente traçar uma crítica ao saber ocidental - predominantemente representacional -, como também desenvolver sua própria filosofia da diferença, profundamente influenciada pela crítica e pelo perspectivismo nietzschianos. The influence of Nietzsche’s work in Deleuze’s philosophy is undeniable. Starting a new style of thinking in the western culture, Nietzsche gave new interpretations to certain philosophical concepts considered immutable and eternal, like the concepts of truth, essence and force. Using Nietzsche’s typology of forces, Deleuze shows us how the western knowledge is constituted by a thought the French philosopher calls representational, as opposed to a thought of difference, elucidating how these two ways of knowledge relate to different types of forces. Therefore, the concept of force, created by Nietzsche, allows Deleuze to draw a criticism on western knowledge and also to develop his own philosophy of the difference, deeply influenced by the critic and perspectivism of Nietzsche’s philosophy. (shrink)

The ancient one-to-one relationship with the biological life cycle has gradually deteriorated due to the world undergoing a metamorphic process. Such a metamorphosis has affected ecological harmony, in terms of it being both an approach to studying the relationships between living beings and the environment, and a branch of knowledge protecting and promoting ecological balance. One of the crucial aspects of this phenomenon is the need to rethink and redefine the concept of life in an era that has been described (...) as the “Anthropocene”. In introducing this special issue of the Journal, the paper aims to investigate the environmental question, which plays a crucial role in contemporary political thought, due to the survival of both nature and mankind being threatened. Since the 1950s, such a complex situation has resulted in two lines of thought whose views follow two opposed ideologies – anthropocentrism and anti-anthropocentrism. (shrink)

In this essay an engineer and a philosopher, after many conversations, develop an argument for why the Aristotelian version of virtue ethics is the most promising way to develop what we call artificial moral, social agents, i.e. robots. This, evidently, applies to humans as well. There are several claims: first, that humans are not born moral, they are socialized into morality; second, that morality involves affect, emotion, feeling, before it engages reason; third, that how a moral being feels is related (...) to some narrative, whether moral or not; and finally, that narrativity is what builds a sense of a “moral” I, namely an authorial moral self. (shrink)

Jelson Roberto de Oliveira, autor de “Compreender Hans Jonas”, é graduado em Filosofia pela Universidade Federal do Paraná, com especialização em Sociologia Política e mestrado em História da Filosofia Moderna e Contemporânea pela mesma universidade. Atualmente é professor da pós-graduação em Filosofia na PUC-PR, e coordenador do GT Hans Jonas, da Anpof, que reúne vários pesquisadores de nível nacional na área. Ética para a civilização tecnológica e A solidão como virtude moral em Nietzsche são alguns dos diversos títulos que compõem (...) o acervo de obras do autor. (shrink)

El presente artículo presenta una línea de lectura desdefundamentos psicológicos, basados eminentemente en conceptualizaciones psicoanalíticas, para pensar, articular y fundamentar la educación socioemocional. Ofrece herramientas teóricas nodales, en relación con conceptos tales como el de “identificación”, el de “función tutorial”, el de “prójimo y el semejante”, entre otros, dando cuenta de la constitución psíco-socio-emocional del sujeto, en relación con su dependencia estructural respecto del Otro.

O presente artigo deseja expor a apreciação dubitativa do realismo na Primeira Meditação, no intuito de mostrar o impacto dessa ação cartesiana sobre a doutrina da creatio ex nihilo, consolidada filosoficamente por Tomás de Aquino como autêntica cosmologia cristã, em substituição à cosmologia pagã erguida sobre o princípio ex nihilo nihil fit. Faremos, primeiramente, uma breve exposição dos fundamentos realistas que embasam as provas da criação elaboradas pelo Aquinate. Em seguida, apresentaremos como a submissão do realismo ao método cartesiano da (...) dúvida acarreta o inevitável desmoronamento do edifício cosmológico cristão. (shrink)

María Pía Lara's two books, La Democracia como proyecto de identidad ética and Moral Textures: Feminist Narratives in the Public Sphere are described and analyzed. Her contribution to a feminist left-Habermasian theory of the relationship between the aesthetic dimension and the political imaginary are discussed. Questions and concerns, however, are raised regarding the assumptions of universal pragmatics and Lara's attempt to offer a positive reading of the dependence of the political imaginary on literary acts and genres.