Insurgências e ressurgências, lançado em 1983, trata de um futuro possível, a partir das heranças do passado e da realidade social e política de então. Polêmico, discutível, gilbertiano, o livro se constrói em muitos planos e perspectivas, mantendo-se atualíssimo.

What in reality, in its relationship with other parts of the world, is that part of America usually called Latin? On the socio-cultural level, in what way does it form a homogeneous sociological complex permitting it to be considered entirely Latin—quite apart from its geographical unity—and, at the same time, part of an American whole within whose sociological framework its Latinity continues to evolve in time and space?