RESUMEN Las investigaciones en el campo de la teoría de la comunicación apuntan a que en la actualidad el proceso es, desde lo social, una vía para el logro de las relaciones interpersonales y posee sus potencialidades estratégicas para la construcción social y cultural del hombre. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para el acercamiento inicial al estudio de las temáticas de la comunicación social en salud y la prevención de enfermedades en la comunidad. Por ello el objetivo del presente trabajo (...) estriba en establecer los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan el estudio de las relaciones entre la comunicación en salud y la concreción del trabajo preventivo desde la comunidad. Se defiende que la comunicación social en salud promueve el diálogo y el intercambio de información y es un componente imprescindible de todos los servicios de salud. ABSTRACT Research on the theoretical basis of communication point to the fact that nowadays, the process is, from a social point of view, a means of achieving interpersonal relationships and it has strategic potential toward men’s social and cultural construction. A bibliographic review was carried out in order to approach the study of subject matters related to social communication in health and disease prevention in the community. Therefore, this paper aims at stablishing the theoretical basis that support the study of the relationship between communication in health and the implementation of precautionary work from the community. It is defended that social communication in health promotes dialogue and information exchange and it is an essential element in all health services. (shrink)

Cet article s’intéresse aux méthodes psychothérapeutiques utilisées dans la déparentification : la reconnaissance de l’empreinte de la parentification à l’âge adulte, l’évaluation et son élaboration lors des psychothérapies individuelles ou familiales. La déparentification consiste à mettre au travail la position paradoxale du sujet parentifié, celle de prendre totalement en charge l’autre, une position salvatrice au départ qui se révèle trop lourde dans un deuxième temps, car en contradiction avec les propres intérêts du sujet. Un des objectifs de la déparentification est (...) d’élaborer la position de sollicitude extrême, celle du « sauveur » qu’on aperçoit dans les relations lorsque l’adulte perçoit un infantile traumatique chez l’autre comme il l’avait perçu chez son parent en souffrance. La déparentification met en évidence une parentalité précoce construite sur du vide ou à partir du négatif de la parentalité, nous faisant penser à une parentalité défensive d’emprunt, réparatrice, compulsive et agissante. (shrink)

The purpose of this work is to show the Kantian root of the concept of subjectivity as shown by Schleiermacher in the Monologen. The division between nature and freedom effectuated by critical philosophy renders possible the links between morality and creativity, exteriority and interiority which demand a peculiar mode of knowledge.

This volume is both a state-of-the-art display of current thinking on second language development as a complex system. It is also a tribute to Diane Larsen-Freeman for her decades of intellectual leadership in the academic disciplines of applied linguistics and second language acquisition. The chapters therein range from theoretical expositions to methodological analyses, pedagogical proposals, and conceptual frameworks for future research. In a balanced and in-depth manner, the authors provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary understanding of second language development, with a (...) wealth of insights that promise to break the status-quo of current research and take it to exciting new territory. The book will appeal to both seasoned and novice researchers in applied linguistics, second language acquisition, bilingualism, cognitive psychology, and education, as well as to practitioners in second or foreign language teaching of any language. (shrink)

Reseña de José Emilio Burucúa. _Vislumbres de un futuro útil y enaltecedor para las humanidades_. Rosario: UNR Editora, 2020.

Child-to-parent violence has dramatically risen in the last decade, becoming a concerning issue in many countries, so research on this issue has also increased. However, most of the studies on this topic have been conducted with samples of adolescents, and very few with samples of parents. In addition, the variety of assessment instruments does not reflect the elements of this type of violence. Thus, the current study was aimed to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Child-to-parent Violence (...) Questionnaire, parents’ version, in a sample of Spanish parents of adolescents. Moreover, the prevalence rates of the different types of violence and the reasons for violence were also examined. A total of 1,012 Spanish parents of adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years old were assessed using the CPV-Q-P. Data indicated a matrix of four factors with 14 items, assessing psychological violence, physical violence, financial violence, and control/domain over parents, and two factors with 8 items capturing the reasons for child-to-parent violence, with adequate psychometric properties. The more frequent type of violence was control and domain over parents, followed by psychological, financial, and physical violence, with no significant differences between mothers and fathers. Otherwise, instrumental reasons were more frequent than reactive types, with no differences between mothers and fathers. The CPV-Q-P is a useful instrument to assess child-to-parent violence from the parents’ perspective in both professional and research settings. (shrink)

Para pensar sobre la producción de conocimiento feminista hay que retener los mecanismos reproductivos que han hecho posible que, en la Universidad, se materialicen unas habitaciones propias en las que interactúan parte de quienes producen y transmiten conocimiento sobre un controvertido sujeto de estudio ―la mujer, las mujeres, el género― habitualmente adjudicado a las investigadoras feministas. Este articulo ahonda en una problemática que remite al dualismo producción/reproducción, y a las relaciones de poder ―entre hombres y mujeres, y entre mujeres― tal (...) y como se materializan en el campo de actividad académico. (shrink)

Now in its third edition, this classic text remains the seminal resource for in-depth information about major concepts and principles of the cultural-historical theory developed by Lev Vygotsky, his students, and colleagues, as well as three generations of neo-Vygotskian scholars in Russia and the West. Featuring two new chapters on brain development and scaffolding in the zone of proximal development, as well as additional content on technology, dual language learners, and students with disabilities, this new edition provides the latest research (...) evidence supporting the basics of the cultural-historical approach alongside Vygotskian-based practical implications. With concrete explanations and strategies on how to scaffold young children's learning and development, this book is essential reading for students of early childhood theory and development. (shrink)

In this article I issue a challenge to philosophers engaged in constructing logical languages. Formal languages that have had a great influence on various areas of philosophy have ineffable statements that arise from metaphysical assumptions, thus limiting what we can do with them. I deal with two cases. The case of Frege known as “The paradox of the concept horse”, and that of Kripke that is not as famous as the Fregean problem, which I call “The necessary bearing of the (...) name.” I briefly develop each case and show that together they give us sufficient evidence of the limits of what we can do with logic when the formal systems employ unexamined metaphysical assumptions. (shrink)

Según la concepción «clásica», el fin de la medicina era el de ayudar a conservar y recuperar la salud, entendida como un bienestar físico, emocional y vital, al cual contribuían acciones materiales, influjos sobrenaturales y cosmológicos. Con el Renacimiento, la ciencia moderna ofrece sus conocimientos a la medicina, en la cual desaparece la consideración de influjos sobrenaturales y cósmicos. Además, la concepción dualista cartesiana reducía la medicina a ocuparse exclusivamente del cuerpo del hombre, interpretado como una máquina según modelos propuestos (...) con base en diferentes ciencias. Esta perspectiva fisicalista y analítica ha permitido logros importantes. Sin embargo, la enfermedad implica, en cuanto experiencia vivida por el paciente, aspectos de malestar existencial, fragilidad, dependencia, pérdida de identidad que, a menudo, la medicina piensa no deber considerar en cuanto subjetivos. Hay que eliminar este error, complementando la competencia médica con las varias fuentes ofrecidas por la filosofía, artes, religión, de modo que permitan al enfermo encontrar en su interioridad los sustentos para darle un sentido y valor a su existencia en sus reales condiciones. (shrink)

RESUMEN La sexualidad es parte de la personalidad, la manera de expresarla y vivirla es diferente en cada persona, en tanto, la adolescencia, como etapa del ciclo vital humano, se caracteriza por cambios biológicos, sicológicos y sociales. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para profundizar en el estudio de la sexualidad en la adolescencia y las acciones educativas como alternativa de la educación sexual. Se ejecutó una búsqueda en la literatura digital de artículos de investigaciones originales en las bases de datos (...) SciELO Cuba, SciELO Regional, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, Cumed, Lilacs, así como los sitios web Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas de Cuba, Fondo de las Naciones Unidas. Se concluye que las acciones educativas sobre sexualidad en la adolescencia permitirán a los jóvenes tomar decisiones fundamentadas sobre su sexualidad y su salud, prepararse para la vida y mantener una conducta sexual responsable. ABSTRACT Sexuality is part of personality, the way to express it and live it is different in everyone. Meanwhile, adolescence, as a stage of humans' life, is characterized by biological, psychological and social changes. In order to deepen on the study of sexuality in adolescence and on educational actions as alternatives of sexual education, a bibliographic review was carried out. It was made a digital literature search of articles from original researches in SciELO Cuba, SciELO Regional, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, Cumed, Lilacs, as well as the Pan-American Health Organization, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, and the United Nations Fund websites. It was reached the conclusion that educational actions about sexuality in adolescence will allow young people to make conscious decisions about their sexuality and health, prepare for life and maintain a responsible sexual behavior. (shrink)

Durante el siglo XIX la correspondencia no fue solamente el medio más utilizado para transmitir información sino, en muchas ocasiones, el único. Las cartas son un ejemplo de los documentos personales -diarios, memorias, autobiografías o fotografías- que nos muestran la historia vivida en su dimensión más humana. Por su carácter íntimo, no tienen el afán de convencer a terceras personas ni de llevar a la posteridad a sus autores. Son, en su mayoría, epístolas sinceras; algunas en calidad de confesión, obviamente (...) sin firma, otras que relatan las vicisitudes de la vida cotidiana o que informan de algún acontecimiento relevante a familiares o superiores de un monasterio. Esto se puede ver en las cartas que se encuentran en el ramo "Correspondencia de Guardianes del Convento de Guadalupe, Zacatecas", del Archivo Histórico del Convento Franciscano de Zapopan. (shrink)

En este artículo se destacan los beneficios de entrenar el perdón. Se profundiza en la comprensión del perdón y los beneficios sobre la salud de los niños y adolescentes destacando las ventajas de perdonar en situaciones de acoso escolar. También se describen algunas propuestas de intervención y se proponen claves a considerar en el desarrollo de programas de intervención educativos.

Este trabajo analiza los conceptos de justicia social y felicidad en la filosofía de Julián Marías con el fin de alcanzar tres metas: comprender su sentido; mostrar cómo pudo llegar a visiones originales de ellos gracias a que su teoría está fundamentada en una metafísica, y alumbrar cómo esta es un método para que podamos seguir pensando. Para ello, se revisan las tres grandes perspectivas filosóficas de Marías –la estructura analítica, la empírica y la de la persona– para indagar qué (...) se entiende por justicia social y felicidad. Asimismo, desde cada uno de estos puntos de vista se buscan las conexiones entre ambos temas. Finalmente se analiza si es verosímil esperar que haya una vida tras la muerte biológica, puesto que, según el filósofo, la perduración es una condición necesaria para que sea posible tanto la verdadera felicidad como la justicia social derivada de ella. (shrink)

En este libro se analizan las cuestiones éticas que se plantean en el tratamiento de los seres humanos enfermos en la fase prenatal e inmediatamente postnatal. El título podría dar la impresión de que toda la atención se focaliza sobre lo que es éticamente correcto hacer con el recién nacido al cual le quedan pocas horas de vida. Pero esta es solo la parte más llamativa del problema que, en realidad es más amplio y concierne también a la tendencia bastante (...) común a deshacerse del feto que sea portador de enfermedades o disfunciones, verdaderas o supuestas. (shrink)

Bewildering features of modern physics, such as relativistic space-time structure and the peculiarities of so-called quantum statistics, challenge traditional ways of conceiving of objects in space and time. Interpreting Bodies brings together essays by leading philosophers and scientists to provide a unique overview of the implications of such physical theories for questions about the nature of objects. The collection combines classic articles by Max Born, Werner Heisenberg, Hans Reichenbach, and Erwin Schrodinger with recent contributions, including several papers that have never (...) before been published. -/- The book focuses on the microphysical objects that are at the heart of quantum physics and addresses issues central to both the "foundational" and the philosophical debates about objects. Contributors explore three subjects in particular: how to identify a physical object as an individual, the notion of invariance with respect to determining what objects are or could be, and how to relate objective and measurable properties to a physical entity. The papers cover traditional philosophical topics, common-sense questions, and technical matters in a consistently clear and rigorous fashion, illuminating some of the most perplexing problems in modern physics and the philosophy of science. (shrink)

This article examines the recent Council of Europe Convention on violence against women through the lens of postcolonial feminist critiques. The article argues that, while there is certainly cause for optimism, the Convention still falls into some of the traps identified by postcolonial feminists. The Convention largely circumvents the stigmatising risks that arise from framing certain VAW forms primarily as a problem of some ‘cultures’. Yet dangers linger in the Convention’s approach to ‘honour’ as an unacceptable justification for VAW. Inherent (...) risks also remain in the vulnerability frame through which the Convention views migrant, refugee, and asylum-seeker women. Applied uncritically, these approaches risk re-inscribing images of inherently powerless women victimised by their non-European ‘cultures,’ reminiscent of colonial times. (shrink)

La llamada gestación subrogada es una práctica cada vez más difundida en varios países del mundo. Tras las apariencias de una supuesta libertad de las mujeres para disponer libremente de su cuerpo, se esconde la realidad de una explotación de las mujeres pertenecientes a los grupos social y geográficamente más vulnerables, que tiene todas las características de una forma moderna de esclavitud puesta al servicio de conspicuos intereses económicos. Las raíces de este fenómeno se encuentran en una tradición secular de (...) desvalorización de la mujer y de su corporeidad que ha impregnado las más diversasculturas y que aún hoy continúa, de forma latente, a pesar del reconocimiento oficial de su igual dignidad a nivel legal. (shrink)

Malraux's writing forcefully poses the problem of the relations between the real and the imaginary, between action and its representation, between poetry and truth. As this article will show, André Malraux found in his trip to China the inspiration for a new process of artistic creation that culminates in his work Antimémoires, where action and history build the guiding thread of a metaphysical and mythological travel story. Our analysis will show how his life and his work, deeply united, are the (...) two forms of an intense organization of himself, life constructed as work and work narrated as life. (shrink)

Este trabalho pretende analisar a implementação do Art. 26-A (Lei 9394/96), na escola pública brasileira, buscando contribuir com os debates sobre os desafios que impedem a presença ou não da cultura africana, afro-brasileira e indígena, nos currículos escolares. Analisamos que os pensamentos se transformam em práticas de governamentalidade, para a qual a geopolítica associa-se ao biopoder, catalisando estratégias de controle social. Nesta questão, valemo-nos do conceito da colonialidade do poder para discutir as identidades demandadas e articuladas, e de como o (...) racismo estrutural transita em suas várias dimensões. Assim, o percurso metodológico passa pela análise de artigos sobre o tema, tomando as publicações do ano de 2023, quando a legislação completa 20 anos. A leitura conduz ao pensamento racial de alguns intelectuais sobre a formação social brasileira, concluindo se manter uma prática pedagógica de homogeneidade social e cultural no espaço escolar. Nela, o mito da democracia racial está ainda vigorando como perspectiva histórico-cultural pós abolição da escravidão, engendrando assim uma geopolítica de longa duração, que se faz pela negação das identidades no cotidiano escolar e preservação da ordem social. (shrink)

Today, the skills-based approach is increasingly in demand by companies due, in large part, to the fact that it favors the management of human resources by focusing on individual capabilities; which, finally, improves the job profile of a company. As a result, choosing the right candidates has become increasingly selective. Universities, therefore, need to teach skills to improve the incorporation of graduates into the workplace making it as successful as possible. For this reason, it is of special relevance to know (...) if college students consider that the acquisition of skills is key for their incorporation into the workplace. The main objective of this study was to analyze and compare the importance assigned to the acquisition of basic skills in the university education of 694 students studying four different bachelor degrees: pedagogy, early childhood education, primary education, and psychology. For this purpose, a Likert-type questionnaire on basic skills was distributed with four possible options and the following five dimensions that grouped basic skills: organizational and planning capacity; access to information sources; analysis and synthesis of texts, situations, and people; teamwork; and problem solving. The results show that as a whole all students across different bachelor degrees gave a high score to the acquisition of basic skills, with early childhood education students giving it greater importance compared to the students from other disciplines and, more specifically, differences were observed in some dimensions depending on the bachelor degree that they have started. (shrink)

The origins of the legend of Anju and Zushio, children cruelly torn from their mother and sold to Sansho, are lost in the Middle Ages, but it was “Ôgai” Mori Rintarô who gave it literary status when he published the historical tale Sansho dayu in 1915. The analysis details the important symbolic role played by birds in freedom and the hunting of birds. The bird, symbol of freedom and autonomy. In parallel, an antagonism, the hunting of birds. Death and the (...) bird complement a bipolarity of symbolic content present throughout the work. (shrink)

Esse artigo pretende responder à seguinte pergunta: Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a moralidade? Essa questão será desdobrada em três outras: 1) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a determinação do correto moralmente?; 2) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a motivação moral?; e 3) Emoções e sentimentos são necessários para a ação moral? Para responder a essas questões, usa dois modelos distintos: o de Prinz, tal como apresentado no livro The emotional constructions of morals e o de Kant. (...) Tenta mostrar que Prinz responde positivamente às três questões e que há dois modelos possíveis de compreender a teoria kantiana, que dariam respostas diferentes às questões 2 e 3. Palavras-chave: Emoção. Sentimento. Moralidade. Prinz. Kant. (shrink)

Emmanuel Carballo construyó en torno a su nombre un discurso: el de crítico práctico y humanista literario, dos conceptos forjados en el siglo XIX en Inglaterra, aplicables de manera oportuna al crítico literario mexicano más importante del siglo XX.

Neste artigo, pretendo analisar o conceito de mal em Kant e sua utilização por comentadores contemporâneos. Apresentarei as críticas e as defesas apresentadas por filósofos contemporâneos sobre a capacidade do conceito de mal de explicar atrocidades contemporâneas, tais como genocídio e terrorismo. Veremos que há duas interpretações: os que consideram que o conceito de mal radical possui capacidade explicativa e os que consideram que tal conceito é impotente para tal.