En base a una investigación empírica del Movimiento de Estudiantes Secundarios de 2006, este artículo desarrolla algunas consecuencias teóricas que apuntan a explorar en los aspectos culturales que condicionan la constitución de identidades políticas en el Chile actual. En un nivel de mayor abstracción, se plantea la existencia de cuatro transformaciones socioculturales propias de nuestros tiempos, que cambian radicalmente la perspectiva de creación de identidades políticas como se entendieron en el pasado. Ellas son: la reducción de espacios de formación de (...) postura frente a los temas públicos; la ampliación valorativa de la potestad individual en la elección de pertenencias políticas; la erosión de los mapas que permiten hacer sentido del contexto societal y sus procesos de cambio; y la autonomización de la subjetividad. (shrink)

A partir de una investigación sobre los Consejos Asesores Presidenciales en el Gobierno de Michelle Bachelet, se desarrolla un marco teórico sobre movimientos sociales y las llamadas formas subpolíticas, que permite ver cómo el movimiento estudiantil secundario de 2006 desafió el enclave educacional y el tipo de respuesta que un gobierno que buscaba un sello ciudadano, dio a través de la formación de un Consejo Asesor con participación de diversos sectores. El análisis de los debates en el seno de ese (...) Consejo muestra las diversas posiciones en juego y también la imposibilidad de llegar a acuerdos de trasformación profunda. (shrink)

Die Aristotelische Philosophie als Frage nach der Bewegung.--Retraktationen zu Aristoteles.

Research in the area of intellectual property (IP) is increasingly relevant to the rapidly growing artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics industries, affecting the legal, business, manufacturing, and healthcare sectors. This contributed volume aims to develop our understanding of the legal and ethical challenges posed by artificial intelligence and robotics technologies and the appropriate intellectual property based legal and regulatory responses. It provides a philosophical and legal framework for considering concepts and principles that relate to the development and use of such (...) technologies at the international, regional, and national levels. The legal discourse in IP concerns the ever-growing AI sector and how businesses can protect their IP and incorporate AI. Moral sentiments often take a back seat to market sentiments, even in shaping the direction of ethical business strategy. This anomaly persists despite growing interest in ethics and IP. Taking an interdisciplinary and diverse perspective, this book enriches the evolving definition and scope of IP literature by focusing on actors, products and regulation that shape the business sector. Considering the gap between theory and practice, this book bridges academic and professional knowledge in unpacking legal, ethical and governance issues in the intellectual property industry. In an effort to include as many viewpoints as possible, contributions have been gathered from diverse fields, including business, ethics, governance, law, philosophy and technology studies. This book will appeal to academics in the field of intellectual property, business ethics, AI, emerging technologies and strategic innovation, as well as practitioners and policy makers. (shrink)

Reproduction and immunity are energy intensive, intimately linked processes in most organisms. In women, pregnancy is associated with widespread immunological adaptations that alter immunity to many diseases, whereas, immune dysfunction has emerged as a major cause for infertility in both men and women. Deciphering the molecular bases of this dynamic association is inherently challenging in mammals. This relationship has been traditionally studied in fast‐living, invertebrate species, often in the context of resource allocation between life history traits. More recently, these studies (...) have advanced our understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of the immunity‐fertility dialogue. Here, we review the molecular connections between reproduction and immunity from the perspective of human pregnancy to mechanistic discoveries in laboratory organisms. We focus particularly on recent invertebrate studies identifying conserved signaling pathways and transcription factors that regulate resource allocation and shape the balance between reproductive status and immune health. (shrink)

Important decisions are often based on a distributed process of information processing, from a knowledge base that is itself distributed among agents. The simplest such situation is that where a decision-maker seeks the recommendations of experts. Because experts may have vested interests in the consequences of their recommendations, decision-makers usually seek the advice of experts they trust. Trust, however, is a commodity that is usually built through repeated face time and social interaction and thus cannot easily be built in a (...) global world where we have immediate internet access to a vast pool of experts. In this article, we integrate findings from experimental psychology and formal tools from Artificial Intelligence to offer a preliminary roadmap for solving the problem of trust in this computer-mediated environment. We conclude the article by considering a diverse array of extended applications of such a solution. (shrink)

The Anderson Station massacre highlights problems with both sovereignty's fragmentation and biopolitics. Sovereign entities have power over and determine the value of human life. Over and over, Belter life is reduced to bare life. They are exploited and then exterminated when their “usefulness” runs its course. What we often see in these reductions of Belters to bare life is the way that capitalism corrupts—both other sovereign entities and as a sovereign. In The Expanse, the problems with the uncontrolled capitalist sovereign (...) and the influence of capitalism on other sovereign entities are stark. Adding in the aspect of biopolitics, a people considered inferior like the Belters, makes these problems even more stark. Even Ceres police detective Joe Miller says the Belter political organization, the Outer Planets Alliance, is beloved by the people it helped and feared by the ones who got in its way. (shrink)

Den Bildbegriff verwendet die unterschätzte US-amerikanische Philosophin Susanne Langer argumentativ in allen drei Phasen ihres Denkens, ohne den Begriff bildtheoretisch zu fundieren. Versucht man nun diesen Bildbegriff vergleichend mit semiotischen oder phänomenologischen Bildtheorien zu diskutieren, so erlangt ihre Philosophie des Bildes nur dann die erforderliche Stringenz, wenn man die gegenwärtigen Bildtheorien einer grundlegenden Kritik unterzieht. Mit Langer erscheint u.a. Husserls Bildkonstitutionstheorie in einem neuen, aber ursprünglicheren Licht, wodurch sich eine komplementäre Bildtheorie abzeichnet, in der semiotische und phänomenologische Aspekte konstitutiv sind.

Resumen En esta discusión expongo algunas objeciones a las siguientes tesis de Velázquez 2020: 1) que tanto Descartes como Frege sostienen que las entidades aritméticas son irreductibles a procesos empíricos; 2) que, en el caso de Descartes, dichas entidades son “perennes, inherentes a la propia constitución y funcionamiento de la mente” y 3) que Frege impugnó la filosofía matemática de Mill por psicologista. Sostengo que la segunda tesis no es, per se, controversial, pero que sí lo es en el contexto (...) del artículo de Velázquez.In this discussion I present objections to the following theses in Velázquez 2020: 1) that both Descartes and Frege maintain that arithmetic entities are irreducible to empirical processes; 2) that, in the case of Descartes, these entities are “perennial, inherent to the very constitution and functioning of the mind”, and 3) that Frege contested Mill’s mathematical philosophy for being psychologistic. I argue that the second thesis is not, per se, controversial, but that it is controversial in the context of Velázquez’s article. (shrink)

El trabajo intenta reconstruir conceptual y bibliográficamente las apropiaciones contemporáneas del primer romanticismo alemán, en términos generales, y de la estética de Friedrich Schlegel, en particular, en la filosofía angloparlante contemporánea de los Estados Unidos. Presentamos los momentos históricos y temáticos de esta apropiación debido a que en las últimas décadas los estudios sobre el romanticismo se han incorporado al ámbito filosófico de forma específica. Dicha renovación de los estudios angloparlantes supone un intento de impugnación a las primeras lecturas sobre (...) el primer romanticismo alemán de los estudios literarios durante el siglo XX, en especial, aquellos identificados con la deconstrucción y el posestructuralismo surgidos a fines del 60 como durante los 70. El objetivo final del trabajo es mostrar las cercanías que en este contexto se han producido entre filosofía analítica y primer romanticismo alemán. (shrink)

El presente trabajo intenta reconocer en la novela Jonathan Strange & Mr. Norrell aspectos relacionados con la estética romántica. Creemos advertir, en esta novela sobre la magia inglesa, el legado y subsistencia del espíritu romántico. El objetivo general del ensayo es poner de relieve distintas características de esta novela de Susanna Clarke, las cuales remiten a las consideraciones del romanticismo. Particularmente, nos interesa analizar el personaje de Jonathan Strange, a los efectos de reconocer en su figura tópicos asociados al romanticismo (...) como la fantasía, la imaginación, el amor, la pasión, etc. La figura de Strange parece mostrar el mismo optimismo epistemológico que manifestaban, a fines del siglo XVIII, los románticos. La atmosfera romántica, el marco histórico y el lenguaje utilizado en los diálogos de la novela evidencian que el romanticismo no sólo es un momento histórico, sino una forma cultural que todavía sigue siendo fascinante en la cultura. (shrink)

Karl-Heinz BOHRER Traducción María Verónica Galfione Prometeo libros 2017, 338 pp. Buenos Aires ISBN: 978-987-574-855-2.

This paper seeks to the integration epistemologies developed by Mulyadhi Kertanegara. Nowadays, the relation of science and religion have attracted the attention of Islamic universities, especially in the institutional transformations of IAIN to UIN. This transformation should not be limited as institutional transformation, but also followed by an established to the philosophical nature. An established philosophical base has been implicated for the developing scientific construction, academic tradition builds, and those technical-methodological applications level. In this framework, Mulyadhi Kartanegara’sidea is important to (...) be explored intensively in developing the scientific paradigm Islamic colleges. The books and papers of Mulyadhi Kartanegara related to the theme of the writing are being the subject of the study and analysis of this article. The results of the study that the basis of the integration epistemologies developed by Mulyadhi Kartanegara is a mystical-philosophical pattern. Mulyadhi Kartanegara builds a unique epistemology which intuitive appreciate and re-construct the heritage of classical Islamic philosophy. (shrink)

. The paper presents a method for transforming a given sound and complete n-sequent proof system into an equivalent sound and complete system of ordinary sequents. The method is applicable to a large, central class of (generalized) finite-valued logics with the language satisfying a certain minimal expressiveness condition. The expressiveness condition decrees that the truth-value of any formula φ must be identifiable by determining whether certain formulas uniformly constructed from φ have designated values or not. The transformation preserves the general (...) structure of proofs in the original calculus in a way ensuring preservation of the weak cut elimination theorem under the transformation. The described transformation metod is illustrated on several concrete examples of many-valued logics, including a new application to information sources logics. (shrink)

When examined in light of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the term “neighbor” raises questions of exclusivity and inclusivity, one's understanding of God, and responsibility toward the “Other.”.