The position of the state regarding the Church, the peculiarities of the established state-church relations greatly influence the nature of the development of church institutions and the level of religiousness of the population, as well as ensuring the right of citizens to freedom of conscience. Consequently, the development of a legal democratic Ukraine is impossible without constant attention of state bodies to the issue of guaranteeing freedom of conscience and religion, the state of which is currently dependent on their constitutional (...) and legal regulation and the existence of a holistic mechanism for guaranteeing the said freedom, as well as from the way of monitoring and responding to violations of the law. (shrink)

The subject examined in the paper is a morals and law relationship in terms of the absolute Good in the context of the Russian philosopher Volodymyr Soloviov's philosophy of Total Unity. It is established that morals are expression of the idea of the absolute Good whereas law is a bridge between the ideal good and reality. Law specifies the law of God, defines the conditions for its implementation and sets limits of punishment if these conditions are not met and public (...) safety is threatened. With the above in view, the philosopher's idea of a potential use of force in the context of the law of God enforceability is topical. From Volodymyr Soloviov's viewpoint, law without force is only declaration whereas law without moral standards is violence. Morals without a legal framework may get reduced to moralization and even leveling of the idea of the absolute good. Based on an analysis of V. Soloviov's treatise "Justification of the good. Moral philosophy", which is a key work covering this subject, the author draws a conclusion that a correct morals and law relationship is possible only when law, remaining within its formal bounds, supports fair order in society while harmoniously correlating with the law of God as the highest embodiment of the idea of the absolute good. (shrink)

This article explores Galagan’s social and political visions through a comparative analysis of his travelogues, set against three cultural contexts: the local Cossack officers’ milieu, the Russian imperial framework, and Enlightenment ideals. By comparing Galagan’s writings with the narratives of other Cossack officers such as Kozelskyi, Poletyka, and Vynskyi, this study reveals that Galagan’s social and political identities reflect a broader, shared collective identity shaped by Enlightenment ideals, which evolved into a distinct regional interpretation. Galagan aligns with core values such (...) as love of humanity, justice, and common well-being. His notion of equality focuses on the benevolent treatment of members of society rather than on social status, and reason is seen as a means to achieve well-being rather than an end in itself. By the time of his travels these concepts were already internalized within his identity, reflecting a blend of regional and Enlightenment influences, which contrasted with Russian imperial discourse. Galagan’s case exemplifies the synthesis of regional identity with Enlightenment ideals, contributing to a humanistic and occasionally republican worldview. The study supports the argument that the Enlightenment provided a nurturing environment for the evolution of Cossack officers’ core values into republican or anti-absolutist ideas. (shrink)

У статті на підставі аналізу основоположних праць російського філософа Володимира Соловйова "Виправдання добра" та "Право і моральність" визначено характеристики справедливості, які дозволяють розуміти її як міру співвідношення моралі і права, діяння та відплати. Автор статті формулює максими філософської доктрини Володимира Соловйова, які полягають у: 1) визнанні права злочинця і потерпілого на допомогу держави; 2) нетотожності відплати та існуючих кримінальних законів; 3) повазі до людської гідності в будь-якому випадку; 4) необхідності впливати на злочинця виключно словом порозуміння; 5) невиправданості покарання з моральної (...) точки зору; 6) необхідності суспільної опіки над злочинцем. (shrink)

Gradually, in the working calendars of many religious scholars and philosophers, not only Ukraine, but also the United States, England, Greece, and others. countries "is a permanent record -" the beginning of September - Sevastopol ". Every year, at this time, the audience of the Sevastopol State Technical University hospitably open the door of the participant of the two above-mentioned international conferences. It did not become an exception in 1997, when, on September 9-10 and 11-13, respectively, more than three dozen (...) very interesting reports and announcements were made, among which we will mention the speeches of A. Glushak on the theme "Crimea and the problems of spirituality: historical Excursion "by M. Nilsen -" Religion and Psychology at the Beginning of the New Millennium ", H.Vokala -" Ensophia as New Wisdom for Man ", A. Kolodny -" 2000th Anniversary of the Nativity of Jesus Christ and the problem of the spiritual unity of Christians in Ukraine, "Y. Viga -" How many religions a person could have today, E. Boytsova (Se. (shrink)

Проаналізовано розподіл українських банків за часткою іноземного капіталу й країнами його походження, установлено характер розподілу активів банків з іноземним капіталом і приналежність їх до певних груп за розміром. Надано оцінку результативності діяльності банків України з іноземним капіталом, виявлено сильні й слабкі сторони їх функціонування в українських умовах.

The article recounts that against the background of globalization processes that swept the world in the late twentieth century and left an indelible mark on the further progress of mankind there was a need to adapt the educational and social systems of Ukraine to functioning in the new conditions of crucial transformations caused by the dynamic changes triggered by universal digitalization, which now penetrates all branches and spheres of public life. It has been noted that the educational sphere is in (...) a state of permanent change, trying to adapt to the new environment in order to ensure a decent level of training specialists of the relevant educational and qualification level capable of adapting to rapidly changing conditions, taking into account the competence acquired in the process of training. As a result, it is shown that in today’s globalized world, the need to master digital competence at an appropriate qualification level comes to the fore, taking into consideration the factors of stair stepping and succession, in response to requirements and challenges of today’s world, which even in a short period of time are able to significantly influence any sphere, transforming its further functioning. The content analysis of regulatory documents enabled to identify the main problematic aspects of the educational industry in the context of ensuring the compliance of the process of standardization of education at the relevant qualification levels, which is characterized by certain fragmentarity and inconsistency and requires further weighted and step-by-step transformative phases in the educational system of Ukraine ensuring its correlation with the European educational standards and guaranteeing its quality. (shrink)

An effective mechanism of personnel production behavior management in the system of enterprise's management to ensure the high performance indexes and enterprise's goals achievement is developed. The results obtained on the basic of: structural and logical analysis - to construct the general logic of staff's production behavior model; method of generalization - to develop the classification of employees' motivation and potential factors; methods of analysis and synthesis - to determine the ratio of factors of potential and motivation factors in the (...) employees' production behavior management. The implemented classification of motivate factors and of the potential as well as developed model of staff's production behavior management allows to determine the dependents between those variables and to propose the practical managerial tools that ensures attainment of company's goals. Based on the proposed model within further research it is advisable to develop a mechanism that takes into account the specific quantitative parameters of the components of the production behavior and is built on using identified at this stage dependencies. The model can be used in the formation of an effective personnel policy that will ensure the achievement of social and economic goals of the company. Implementation of the developed model in practice highlights the social responsibility of the enterprise, shifts the emphasis from a purely economic governance towards better integration of existing needs of employees. (shrink)

In the past thirty years, monumental archaeological discoveries related to the oldest temple complexes in Asia and Europe have emerged on the global cultural stage. In 1995, the ancient temple complex of Göbekli Tepe, dating to the 9th millennium BC, was discovered in southeastern Türkiye. Seventeen years after the discovery of Göbekli Tepe, in 2012, an Eneolithic temple of the Trypillia culture, the Nebelivka Temple, was excavated in present-day Ukraine, dating to the 4th millennium BC. Today, both temple complexes are (...) recognized as the oldest religious centers in Asia and Europe, respectively. The findings from Göbekli Tepe and the Nebelivka Temple, along with accompanying materials, extend far beyond archaeology. They shed light on the history, culture, and religion of prehistoric times. It is the ancient religion that establishes connections between the two temple complexes, allowing us, as this study reveals, to transcend the material, seemingly disparate archaeological facts to understand the general characteristics of an organized religious system of the early agricultural type. This paper explores some specific similarities between the two temple complexes and their cultures overall. Both temples exhibit a shared spatial arrangement of key structural elements, and there is ideological affinity in the iconographic themes, symbols, and artifacts that were not used in other world cultures. This comparative analysis reveals patterns of religious interactions and parallels across different regions and even subcontinents over a significant period. In this study, the author comprehensively highlights the features of the oldest forms of religiosity, providing valuable information on the genesis and evolution of beliefs inherent to organized early agricultural communities. Such a specification of “Neolithic religion,” demonstrating signs of a global phenomenon in the ancient world, is a highly promising direction for modern science, relevant both for research in the Near East and European civilization. This research enriches our understanding of ancient cultures and provides valuable material for contemplating the role of religion in the development of human society as a whole, opening new perspectives for further scientific inquiry in this field. (shrink)

Some concepts of collective action have been examined. It is found that collective action is formed as a result of interaction of individuals within the group, collective etc. Such social environment in which collective action appears, is the educational process, which aims to provide protection, safety and educational needs of direct interaction between the preschool children and children of younger school age. The forms of work: group and collective, have been analyzed. It is found that acting in a group or (...) team, the participants of educational process gather around the common goal, collective action, that occurs, becomes the value in the process of achieving this goal. That is, it encourages the collective, group to act in the given direction. This action is accompanied by the interaction, due to which raises the phenomenology of collective, above- and beyond the individual. It is based on the formation in the mind of each individual subject of communication the subjective model of the content and the process of interaction, which seems to be shared with other participants (the subject feels as if its co-author) and the presence of which can be displayed in the form of a general image of the subject of interaction that occurs in interpersonal space and fills it. (shrink)

The article deals with the analysis of the religious component in the manifestations of ritual plastic arts of the Trypillia ethno-cultural community. The author brings into consideration one of the “visiting cards” of the Trypillia civilization—“binocular” (biconical) ceramic plastic arts, which became one of the most characteristic visual markers of the culture.

The age of global risks and changes that have come into play where stable development used to be a norm and the era of postmodernism, as a possibility of the multiplicity of meanings and solutions, determine the vectors of human development in the 21st century. Human society is undergoing changes, digital technologies are increasingly penetrating various domains of life, and it has become clear, they are here to stay because they are already changing life itself. The postmodern generation, consumed by (...) "virtual reality", sees the world differently. They need knowledge different from what previous generations used where knowledge itself requires new methods of education. With all positive and negative implications, the e-learning format has established itself as a viable education option in times of the world pandemic. The way this learning format transforms the higher education system is irrevocable. Thus, an increasing number of universities are integrating online and personalized components into their courses. However, the role of the teacher remains invariably important. Although methods and format of their work may adjust and alter, it is the teacher who passes on human experience, imbues knowledge with emotional coloring and encourages reflection and reasoning. Therefore, the e-learning system rests on two factors, namely, the presence on the Internet and the development of student-teacher relations. All available research and resources are currently aimed at improving technical capabilities, whereas the "student-learner" system needs to be reconsidered. It will not be destroyed in the new conditions, rather transformed into new forms. (shrink)

У статті розглянута й проаналізована протидія ОУН та УПА мобілізації в Червону армію чоловічого населення західноукраїнського регіону в 1944-1945 рр. Встановлено, що для перешкоджання призову підпілля та повстанці провели антимобілізаційну агітаційну кампанію, яка включала в себе випуск та поширення відповідних листівок, проведення зібрань із антимобілізаційними закликами та поширення чуток. Також повстанці чинили опір призову збройним шляхом, здійснюючи напади на причетних до призову осіб, на колони мобілізованих та військові комісаріати. Зрештою, підпілля вдалось і до застосування сили проти військовозобов'язаних та їхніх родичів. (...) Для протидії призову повстанці також поповнювали свої лави новобранцями. (shrink)

The present paper addresses the issue of determining the best international practices for developing soft skills among students of different specialties through carrying out a theoretical review. Basing on literature on present-day theory the authors make an attempt to explain soft skills dichotomies, summarize existing approaches to classifying soft skills, consolidate and document best international practices for soft skills development among potential employees of different specialties including bachelor students, master students, doctoral and postdoctoral students. The data obtained in the theoretical (...) analysis reveal that the possible ambiguities in the interpretation of the concept of “soft skills” are caused, on the one hand, by the dichotomic perception of their nature by present-day researchers and educators and, on the other hand, by the absence of the common language which makes it difficult to provide a more unified definition most satisfactory to all concerned. The authors are convinced that soft skills have a cross-cutting nature and regard them as personal and interpersonal meta-qualities and meta-abilities that are vital to any potential employee who is going to make positive contributions not only to his/her professional development but to the development of a company he/she is going to work for. The results of the conducted theoretical review clearly indicate that the absence of the unified understanding of the concept of “soft skills” is reflected in the existence of different approaches to classifying soft skills, let alone, the selection of didactic tools for developing soft skills among potential employees. (shrink)

Basic principles of development and introduction of corporate management informations are considered on domestic enterprises. Problem questions which arise up at introduction of the informative system are resulted. It is indicated on the lacks of domestic programmatic complexes by comparison to foreign decisions.

У статті на основі аналізу комунікаційної та координаційної функцій української соціології робиться спроба виявити тенденції та закономірності розвитку сучасного інституту науки загалом та вітчизняних суспільно-гуманітарних наук, зокрема. Водночас аналізується система внутрішніх комунікацій інституту науки як спеціального предмета наукового осмислення.

An analysis of the European system of values in relation to power relations and confessions / churches allows us to distinguish several basic approaches.

On April 22, 1998, on the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the publication of Arsen Rychinsky's "Problems of Ukrainian Religious Consciousness" in Kremenets, the First Rychinsky reading was held. The organizers of the conference were: Ukrainian Association of Religious Studies, Ternopil Medical Academy named after them. I.Gorbachevsky, Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy named after G.S. Skovoroda, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kremenets Medical College.

In the Ukrainian scientific literature, theology and journalism, the concepts of "Kievan Christianity", "Kyiv-Christian tradition of Volodymyr's baptism", "Ukrainian Orthodoxy", "Churches of the Kiev Tradition "," Kiev Churches "," branches of the Kiev Church "," heirs of Vladimir baptism ", etc. However, analyzing the arguments in the disclosure of these concepts by different authors, we are confronted with the traditional problem of Ukrainian science - a variety of interpretations, engagement, and politicization of approaches. And in our case there is also (...) a confessional approach, which many researchers can not always avoid. (shrink)

After a long period of apology for the new "symphony" of the Church and the Soviet authorities since the mid-1960s. Ukraine has begun to understand the latest trends in Orthodoxy. At the same time, a current emerged in world culture, which was later dubbed the postmodern. Amorphous at first, a phenomenon that manifested itself more quickly in literature and the visual arts, for several decades, has left its mark on other spheres of human life, including and religious, including Orthodoxy.

У статті соціальна відповідальність, згідно з концепцією автора, досліджена як сутнісна ознака соціального буття. Соціальна відповідальність постає діалектичною єдністю протилежностей - свободи і необхідності, мірою свободи і мірою необхідності, вимогам якої повинні підпорядковуватися всі суб'єкти суспільних відносин як вимогам історичної необхідності, як вимогам-законам. Відповідальні зв'язки та залежності соціальної самоорганізації мають усезагальний характер та утворюють структуру суспільства по вертикалі і по горизонталі. Як усезагальний соціальний інтегратор суспільного буття соціальну відповідальність можна ідентифікувати як усезагальний соціальний принцип. Принцип соціальної відповідальності, підсистемні принципи, закони (...) і норми є діалектичною єдністю всезагального, особливого та одиничного. Обґрунтована ідея про те, що зростання соціальної відповідальності є основним соціологічним законом. Історія людства представлена як еволюційні зміни форм соціальної відповідальності. (shrink)

The urgency of the study is that today the creation of a well-balanced information and communication infrastructure for the management of a state capable of ensuring the formation, distribution, efficient use and protection of resources, largely depends on a clear legal definition of the system of views on the implementation the government of information and communication function. The purpose of the research - the theoretical and practical aspects of new approaches to the analysis of information and communication activities in the (...) context of modern globalization challenges. Objectives of the study: using the methodology of system analysis and system synthesis to determine the problem of the need for a clear legislative definition of the purpose of further action; analyze the problems of forming of global information and communication space. The scientific novelty of the research is the identification of the problems of information and communication activities in the context of modern globalization challenges and the achievement of sustainable development of society. The results of the study: the problems of the legal language were explored and new approaches to the issues of information and communication activities were revealed; also were revealed the human rights problems and the need to systematize the law; information activity of modern Ukraine in the context of globalization challenges is disclosed; the alternatives to innovation and identify ways to achieve information and communication security are researched. Conclusion - the modern state should respond timely to the challenges of scientific and technological progress, adequately respond to key issues of identifying the problems of information and communication activities in the context of modern globalization challenges. The main idea, of course, is to define the purpose, the basic principles and methods of the state's implementation of the information and communication function. It should be aimed at safeguarding national interests and protecting the natural rights and legitimate interests of citizens, organizations and society as a whole due to the effective use of the accumulated information, modern information and communication complexes and specialists, noblemen to work effectively in conditions of global challenges. (shrink)

У статті представлені глобальні тренди розвитку цифрових інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у рамках концепції "Індустрія-4.0" та шляхи їх імплементації в практику державного управління та регулювання. Проаналізовані сучасні проблеми моніторингу енергетичних потоків та формування енергетичного балансу національного господарства. Обґрунтовані напрями вдосконалення інституційного та організаційно-методологічного забезпечення моніторингу енергетичних потоків держави на базі сучасних цифрових технологій.

Power, informational equipment of industrial potential of human civilization, of course, thanks to the growing scientific and technical progress. At the same time its effects often cause the technological, ecological, anthropological disasters. All this actualize the role of ethics in its practical dimensions. It is very important to use the philosophical and heuristic potential of ethics, its sensitivity to humanistic sense of contemporary environmental and biomedical problems. Their solution depends largely the future of human life and fate of the planet. (...) According to this factors the aim of this article is to reflect the strategy of interpretation of the relationships between man and nature in a number of world religions. Also the aim of article is to model the parameters of interfaith dialogue for the invention of effective forms of religious communities' participation in the environmental initiatives intended to the optimizing of the balance between society and the natural environment. The novelty element of our study is that it not only covers the basic tenets of religious traditions on environmental issues, but also outlines the opportunities and heuristic potential of synergy between productive humanistic and socially relevant ideas of different faiths and philosophically-religious discourses for the invention of instruments for interdenominational cooperation in the practical environmental projects and initiatives. Only the declarations of concern about environmental problems, of course, are not enough. Value consciousness of religious communities and individuals must be transformed into the practical sphere. It means that religious organizations should be actively involved, including their financial, intellectual and organizational forces to the real environmental projects and initiatives that have applied out and can lead to tangible results. Many religions have the conceptual resources of a certain attitude to environmental issues. And the vector of this attitude can be returned ambivalently: either toward passivity and paralyzing the creative will of man, or in the direction of real activity-promoting. Under these conditions, the educational activities within religious communities is of paramount importance. Its key value postulate is the social and communicative harmony, health of human society and the preservation of human culture in its humane forms. Under another conditions the environmental initiatives of religions are only declaratory and little effective. The study is implemented on the disciplinary boundaries of ethics, social philosophy and religious studies. The author uses the methodological possibilities of synergy of humanistic ideas of religious ethics concept. (shrink)

In the national historical science, despite the considerable number of publications, there is no comprehensive study of the charitable and cultural-educational activities of the Roman Catholic Church in Right-Bank Ukraine at the end of the eighteenth - early twentieth centuries. Modern Ukrainian historiography has a number of studies that have, to some extent, addressed the problem we have identified. In particular, G. Makhorin's dissertation traces the charitable activity of state structures, public organizations, individuals, as well as the fragmentary Roman Catholic (...) clergy in Volyn in 1793-1917. (shrink)

In the socio-economic, social and political life of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Greek-Catholic denominations were involved in one or another way.

Many studies showed that comprehenders monitor changes in protagonists’ emotions and actions. This article reports two experiments that explored how focusing comprehenders’ attention on a particular property of the protagonist dimension affects the accessibility of information about target objects mentioned in the sentence. Furthermore, the present research examined whether participants’ attitudes toward the issues described in the sentence can modulate comprehension processes. To this end, we asked participants to read sentences about environmental issues that focused comprehenders’ attention on different mental (...) and physical attributes of the same entities and then self-report their own thoughts on the topic of environment by responding to the items assessing their environmental awareness. Importantly, we manipulated the task requirements across two experiments by administering a self-report task, which required the participants to rate the seriousness and the frequency of the problem mentioned in a sentence; and administering a sentence-picture verification paradigm, which required the participants to merely indicate if the object depicted in the picture was mentioned in the preceding sentence. The results of these experiments suggest that the focus of a sentence on the environmental problem enhances the accessibility of information about environmental issues ; that the comprehender’s level of environmental awareness influences one’s attention during sentence processing; and that comprehender characteristics significantly modulate comprehension processes only when the measures tap into explicit processes. (shrink)

Ключовим питанням, на яке намагається дати відповідь філософська антропологія, є питання про те, чим людина по своїй сутності відрізняється від інших живих істот. Класики цього напряму філософії одним з таких факторів називають рух людського духу, який, виходячи за власні межі, пізнає навколишній світ і, пізнаючи, починає його змінювати, перетворюючи на світ культури. Одними з двигунів цього процесу є діалектика феноменів страху та віри, крізь призму якої ми й проаналізуємо феномен руху людського духу. У статті використовуються екзистенціальні підходи М. Гайдеґґера і (...) К. Ясперса та метаантропологічний підхід пізнього М.Шелера та його розвиток у сучасній українській філософській антропології. Автор розглядає феномен екзистенціально-трансцендентального роз-гортання людського духу як феномен, який виокремлює людину з поміж інших форм життя. Тільки людина має здатність не лише пристосовувати певні елементи навколишнього світу до власних потреб, що ми можемо спостерігати й у поведінці вищих приматів, а й створювати те, чого в світі природи ніколи не було, тобто не лише змінювати форми певних елементів світу природи, а й створювати нові за сутністю артефакти світу культури. Силами, що примушують людину діяти, окрім інших, виступають також феномени страху і віри. Саме дослідженню розгортання людського духу під впливом діалектики названих феноменів, які постають в даному випадку екзистенціалами, й присвячена дана стаття. Страх, як правило, підштовхує людину до дії, а віра задає напрямок руху. Дію ми розуміємо як цілеспрямований рух, але навіть націленість руху не розкриває сутності цього процесу. Найбільш вдалим визначенням, на нашу думку, є термін Г.В.Ф. Гегеля «розгортання» [2, 241]. Ми приймаємо його остільки, оскільки він відображує не лише кількісні зміни притаманні руху, навіть цілеспрямованому, а й, що для нас більш важливо, якісні. Тож можемо стверджувати, що результатом діалектики феноменів страху і віри буде розгортання людського духу. А оскільки цей рух відбувається з позиції крайнього свого емоційного напруження у напряму виходу за власні межі, тобто створенню того, чого не було у світі раніше, то ми можемо назвати цей феномен екзистенціально-трансцендентальним розгортанням людського духу, або ж власного Я. У цьому діалектичному єднанні рисою, яка виокремлює людину серед інших форм життя, виступає феномен віри. Тому для кращого розуміння умов екзистенціально-трансцендентального розгортання окреслимо принципові відмінності феноменів віри й надії. Надалі ми розглянемо цей рух, використовуючи метаантропологічний метод в буденному, граничному та метаграничному вимірах буття людини. Результатом розгортання людського духу, спричиненого дією різних модусів феноменів страху та віри, у буденному бутті будуть: феномени марновірства, довіри, Невпевненості у майбутньому та турботи про близьких; в граничному – заданості, обмеженості, самотності, некомфортності, віри в себе й впевненості в собі; в метаграничному – свободи, любові, співтворчості, віри в Іншого і впевненості в Ньому. Феномен свободи виникає в результаті вибору людиною не просто діяльності чи бездіяльності, а буття чи небуття і в основі цього вибору лежать не інстинкти й інтереси роду, а необмежена воля. Феномен свободи є найважливішим результатом діалектики екзистенціалів страху та віри. У цьому випадку страх і віра будуть не лише формувати феномен свободи, а й виконувати функцію її стримування в певних межах, не даючи свободі можливості перетворитися на феномен волі з її анархічною вседозволеністю. Таким чином, екзистенціально-трансцендентальне розгортання людського духу є не лише тією умовою, що виділяє людину з поміж інших живих істот, а й являється тим фактором, який перетворює людину на особистість, що не лише виробляє артефакти культури, а й створює витвори мистецтва, які несуть відбиток індивідуально-особистісних рис свого творця. Тож екзистенціально-трансцендентальне розгортання духу є не лише необхідною, а й достатньою умовою перетворення людини природної на людину культуротворчу, а отже, на особистість. (shrink)

The paper examines the issue of justice in the Russian philosophical tradition of the late 19th - early 20th centuries in the context of a philosophical and legal rationale of this category, offered by the famous Russian philosophers Boris Chicherin and Vladimir Soloviyov. An analysis of Boris Chicherin's works "Philosophy of Law", "Course of State Science" and "Philosophical Issues" afforded ground for concluding that the thinker deduced justice from the idea of freedom and defined it as a balance of compulsory (...) (state) and voluntary (moral) laws. Keeping such a balance is possible only within human unions which supreme rule is adherence to truth i.e. everyone shall get what belongs to him. Requirements of justice also include respect for someone else's rights and minority rights whereas achievement of general welfare is considered by the philosopher as its supreme goal. Views of Vladimir Soloviyov were explored through analyzing his works "Justification of Good" and "Right and Morals". Justice is among the central concepts of his philosophical conception "Ethics of Universal Unity" and is defined as common equality before the law, the supreme ideal, the good i.e. the only righteous and true life journey. The good as it is reveals to a man his meaning of life through the categories of truth and love. Justice as law of truth destines to each his own whereas justice as law of love shows a man the necessity of sacrifice for his neighbor. Discussion between these philosophers subsequently governed the extent of creative perception of philosophical and legal issues related to the balance of law and morals, individual freedom and equality. (shrink)

У статті розглянута й проаналізована мобілізаційна кампанія на території Західної України в 1944-1945 рр. Установлено, що проведення призову розпочалось лише після видання відповідної постанови Державного комітету оборони. Розгляд перебігу мобілізації засвідчив, що впродовж лютого-липня 1944 р., незважаючи на протидію збройного руху опору, завдяки силовим заходам удалось в основному завершити призов. Проте використання цих та інших заходів під час подальшої мобілізації через активну антимобілізаційну діяльність збройного руху опору не дало бажаних результатів. У підсумку за серпень-вересень не було завершено призов осіб від (...) 18 до 35 років, а за листопад-грудень мобілізацію осіб від 35 до 45 років та 17-річної молоді. Відповідно в 1945 р. мобілізація в західноукраїнському регіоні ще тривала. (shrink)

2012 is 50 years since the beginning of the Second Vatican Council, which gave impetus to the processes of renewal of church life that would meet the needs of the present. Church councils throughout the years of existence of the Christian Church solved the questions of the truth of faith, the organization of church life. The twentieth century has become the age of globalization, epochal discoveries in the natural sciences, the exacerbation of environmental problems, the moral crisis of human society (...) has become threatening scales. The fruits of the collective labor of the cathedral fathers - 4 constitutions, 9 decrees, 3 declarations - were supposed to answer the challenges of time, to explain church doctrine in the new realities of the present. (shrink)

У статті на основі раніше не публікованих джерел (звітних справ радянської доби Інституту філософії НАН України) аналізується розвиток вітчизняної соціології у період десятої радянської п’ятирічки (друга половина 70-х рр. ХХ ст.). Інтерес саме до цього періоду пояснюється фактичною соціологізацією наукової проблематики Інституту філософії. Означений час автор розуміє як надзвичайно успішний в плані інституціоналізації вітчизняної соціології, коли вже було подолано частину її ранніх труднощів (кадрову недостатність, теоретико-методологічну незрілість та ін.) і почали закладатися серйозні інституційні основи, що надалі стали опорними для Відділенні (...) соціології і, врешті, – для самостійного академічного Інституту соціології. (shrink)

The current state of Orthodoxy in Ukraine, as well as all of Universal Orthodoxy, is characterized by the presence of significant problems of a systemic nature, the failure of which or their neglect leads to a further deepening of the crisis of the denomination. The emergence of these problems is of historical nature because they have arisen over a considerable period of time and have been linked to the political, economic and spiritual features of the development of Orthodoxy in one (...) or another area of its spread. (shrink)

Summary. The article deals with the close link between the diminishing influence of the Moscow Patriarchate on social and political processes in Ukraine and the restoration of the Ukrainian cultural and civilizational space. Namely, the gradual deprivation of Orthodox believers of the post-imperial syndrome, including attitudes, perceptions, behavioral models, etc., associated with the stay of Ukrainians in the foreign-language and other people's mentality and culture of the empire. It is noted that the receipt of the Tomos on recognition of autocephaly (...) and the constitution of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine by Orthodox believers of Ukraine has a positive impact not only on the development of the OCU itself, but also the level of patriotism, restoration and development of the Ukrainian-speaking environment, archetypal traditions, rituals, behavior models, etc. The conclusion is about the religious aspect of promoting Ukrainian development from the Asian to the European cultural and civilizational model. (shrink)

We provide some statistics about the Orthodox churches of the world. These data are not final - the quantitative characteristics and legal subordination of some church formations are constantly changing, but in general this will help form a general idea of Orthodoxy in the world and trends in its development.

The fall of the socialist system in the early 90's of the twentieth century. led to the return of the Orthodox Churches of Europe to the active social and political life of the post-Soviet countries. Therefore, the adoption in August 2000 by the Jubilee Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church of the social doctrine became a necessary stage in the development of Russian Orthodoxy, and at the same time marked the beginning of a new time of not only this (...) Church, but the whole Ecumenical Orthodoxy. However, this serious doctrine did not cause any serious attention, except for one or two colloquiums organized by the UOC of the Moscow Patriarchate. The wave of theological and non-fiction works on the hot topics raised in the Doctrine also did not happen to the experts. (shrink)

It is impossible to imagine any religious system without its inherent ritual component. At the same time, given the polysemy and contextuality of the concept of "ritual", I immediately propose a limitation, which is extremely important for the methodology of disclosure of the topic. It is an interpretation of the ritual in the light of W. Robertson Smith's research setting. Accordingly, this concept becomes an identifier of religious practice, or more precisely, a designation of traditionally established and authoritatively supported various (...) religious practices. Accordingly, we draw attention to the versatility of the term "ritual", which is used to fix religious practices, ceremonial activities and ceremonies. (shrink)

Статтю присвячено формуванню ґрунтовної альтернативи просвітницьким та позитивістським стереотипам стосовно історичного та антропологічного статусу міфу. З цією метою розглянуто низку показових сюжетів з історії філософської думки ХІХ – ХХ ст., що дають змогу поглянути на міф як на невід’ємну частину людської розумності. Автор припускає, що реабілітація міфу є частиною загального інклюзивного процесу, що триває у філософії новітніх часів і передбачає істотне розширення меж того, що можна вважати розумним. Базу дослідження склали ідеї таких впливових мислителів та дослідників міфу, як Фридрих Шеллінґ, (...) Макс Мюллер, Ернст Кассирер, Сьюзен Ланґер та Ганс Блюменберґ. Продемонстровано важливість лінгвістичного повороту у дослідженні міфу, здійсненого М. Мюллером, і показано, що його ідея про міф як «хворобу мови» має глибокі перетини із переосмисленням суті та призначення філософії, ініційованим Людвіґом Вітґенштайном та представниками Віденського кола. Показано, що запроваджене Е. Кассирером та його послідовницею С. Ланґер доповнення лінгвістичного виміру антропологічним і розгляд міфу як самодостатньої символічної форми веде до відмови від протиставлення міфологічного та раціонального мислення та сприяє розумінню тісного зв’язку між міфом і мовою. Незважаючи на те, що Е. Кассирер будував свою філософію символічних форм, у цілому залишаючись у межах традиції трансцендентального ідеалізму, а С. Ланґер ідеалізм відкидає, у питанні щодо міфу вони доходять схожих висновків. Із опорою на праці Г. Блюменберґа та інших дослідників продемонстровано, що реабілітація міфу і включення його у межі раціонального тісно пов’язані реабілітацією метафори як іншої форми недискурсивного виразу. Показано, що визнання міфу як неусувної частини світосприйняття сприяє глибшому розумінню природи людського мислення. (shrink)

The relevance of the research is in dynamism and information globalism in all life spheres of a modern post-industrial society, rises to the information one, necessitates multi-dimensional and multidimensional scientific discussions of information, high technologies and innovative breakthroughs in the plane of existing and necessary legal norms in conditions of formation technologies for introducing knowledge and rules for handling information as a resource for the development of modern man, societies and the state. This is actually began in the pre-election program (...) of the President of Ukraine Vladimir Zelensky, which aims to perceive possibilities of modern information and communication technologies in the administration of the state and the organization of public and politic life of the country in a qualitative and new way. Purpose of the research is the end-epitualization of the electronic paradigm of Ukraine in the context of the formation of information legislation for the innovative development of the state. Objectives of the research: 1) to identify new problems of information of the state to achieve a more active implementation of innovative ICT in the coordinates of the requirements for creating an e-government system in the country; 2) analysis of the implementation of the state information and communication functions, in a broader sense of the understanding of the concept of "state information policy"; 3) analysis of the role of high technology and the scientific and educational sphere in the conditions of the information civilization; 4) identification of the goal of the country's existence in the global world as an electronic state. The research methodology is a systematic and structural-functional analysis of the problem of the electronic paradigm of Ukraine in the context of the formation of information legislation for the innovative development of the state. The scientific novelty of the research is in structuring the problems of the electronic paradigm of Ukraine and finding ways to solve them. Conclusions - the practical implementation of the tasks of the electoral program of the new President of Ukraine V. Zelensky and the tasks of forming the information society in Ukraine raises many questions regarding citizens' access to information accumulated by humanity and the state, and especially in the field of national security and the formation of information legislation. (shrink)