Voyages et exils au cinéma, rencontres de l'altérité s'intéresse aux phénomènes d'hybridation entre cultures tels qu'ils se traduisent à l'écran, sans restriction géographique (cinémas américain, italien, africain, libanais, indien, taïwanais, japonais etc.). Si le voyage et l'exil des cinéastes sont sources de transferts culturels et esthétiques, le thème du voyage et de l'exil représenté au cinéma questionne la notion d'altérité en proposant une vision diversifiée de la rencontre entre autochtones et nouveaux arrivants. Dans un monde globalisé, mais qui continue de (...) s'interroger à la fois sur la mixité culturelle et le sens de la nation, le cinéma reflète ainsi les cultures plurielles dans leur richesse et leur vivacité, mais aussi les replis communautaires, les phénomènes d'imprégnation et bien entendu de domination culturelle. La caméra se désigne alors comme acteur, témoin et exégète de ces processus qui, s'ils ont une longue histoire et se développent tout au long du XXe siècle, culminent dans notre temps présent. (shrink)

In this paper, I analyze the extent to which classical phase transitions, especially continuous phase transitions, impose a challenge for reduction- ism. My main contention is that classical phase transitions are compatible with reduction, at least with the notion of limiting reduction, which re- lates the behavior of physical quantities in different theories under certain limiting conditions. I argue that this conclusion follows even after rec- ognizing the existence of two infinite limits involved in the treatment of continuous phase transitions.

To develop my arguments about this revision of the logistics ofdisappearance, I will turn to several recent Iraq War films, look at thedifferent types of screens they present and investigate their aestheticdimensions and ethical implications. Among the multiple screens present inthese films, the video war diaries made by the soldiers at the front are mostsalient. These diaries will be an important focus of my analysis of acontemporary logistics of perception, which, following the implication ofWeb 2.0 applications, I will call the (...) logistics of perception 2.0. (shrink)

In _The Time That Remains_, Agamben seeks to separate the Pauline texts from the history of the Church that canonized them, thus revealing them to be "the fundamental messianic texts of the West." He argues that Paul's letters are concerned not with the foundation of a new religion but rather with the "messianic" abolition of Jewish law. Situating Paul's texts in the context of early Jewish messianism, this book is part of a growing set of recent critiques devoted to the (...) period when Judaism and Christianity were not yet fully distinct, placing Paul in the context of what has been called "Judaeo-Christianity." Agamben's philosophical exploration of the problem of messianism leads to the other major figure discussed in this book, Walter Benjamin. Advancing a claim without precedent in the vast literature on Benjamin, Agamben argues that Benjamin's philosophy of history constitutes a repetition and appropriation of Paul's concept of "remaining time." Through a close reading and comparison of Benjamin's "Theses on the Philosophy of History" and the Pauline Epistles, Agamben discerns a number of striking and unrecognized parallels between the two works. (shrink)

La alimentación en la Quebrada de Humahuaca, provincia de Jujuy, es uno de los bienes patrimoniales de la región que ha sufrido mayor variabilidad debido a nuevos modelos productivos que han modificado el patrón de consumo tradicional. Los productos industrializados se han incorporado progresivamente a la dieta, impactando en el valor nutricional autóctono.Este trabajo analiza las dimensiones de los sistemas alimentarios de la quebrada, con el objetivo de comprender los contextos culturales de producción, consumo, preferencias y su relación con los (...) riesgos en la salud desde el punto de vista de sus habitantes, utilizando un enfoque metodológico mixto territorial. (shrink)

This article, which stems from separate research projects pursued by each author in Oaxaca, Mexico, explores conducting fieldwork through the lenses of community autonomy , and hospitality . Engaging with these concepts made us question how the process of research can contradict cultural ethics that operate within fieldwork locations, as well as consider how such concepts may inform a more ethical set of inquiry practices. Such a set of alternative ethics can provide, furthermore, means for negotiating situations marked by interculturality, (...) particularly as it emerges through contemporary processes of globalization. (shrink)

This paper focuses on the cognitive/computational and evolutionary levels. It describes three proposals to make cognition computationally tractable, namely: Resource Rationality, the Adaptive Toolbox and Massive Modularity. While each of these proposals appeals to evolutionary considerations to dissolve the intractability of cognition, Rich, Blokpoel, de Haan, and van Rooij argue that, in each case, the intractability challenge is not resolved, but just relocated to the level of evolution.

When a new piece of information contradicts a currently held belief, one has to modify the set of beliefs in order to restore its consistency. In the case where it is necessary to give up a belief, some of them are less likely to be abandoned than others. The concept of epistemic entrenchment is used by some AI approaches to explain this fact based on formal properties of the belief set (e.g., transitivity). Two experiments were designed to test the hypothesis (...) that contrary to such views, (i) belief is naturally represented by degrees rather than in an all-or-nothing manner, (ii) entrenchment is primarily a matter of content and not only a matter of form, and (iii) consequently prior degree of belief is a powerful factor of change. The two experiments used Elio and Pelletier's (1997) paradigm in which participants were presented with full simple deductive arguments whose conclusion was denied, following which they were asked to decide which premise to revise. (shrink)

In this article, we present research in the making of a collective work environment within the framework of a distance education course. We base our theoretical and methodological standpoints on examples of dialogical discourses recorded within the framework of this CSCL system called Symba. In fact, the results of previous research lead us to rethink our vision of the study of collaborative moments between participants in a computer-supported human learning environment that proposes several communication tools. Redefining the methodological process aiming (...) at finding and understanding these rich learning moments is also necessary. We intend to describe “socio-technical” instances during which these collaboration phases appear. More generally speaking, our aim is to draw up both new theoretical and methodological perspectives that would be reusable in CSCL environments; in view of the nature of these two perspectives, and the diversity of the domain knowledge (sociology, cognitivism, linguistics, philosophy, statistics, etc.) brought to bear in the study of the environment in question, our approach constitutes a trans-disciplinary reassessment of the uses of the communication tools—and the study thereof—proposed. (shrink)

The state of nature is a fundamental concept of modern political philosophy. As such, it is particularly associated with Thomas Hobbes’ and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s work. As the following article shows, the state of nature is not simply an auxiliary construction [Hilfskonstruktion] for a theory that aims to clarify the relation between the political order and its origins and normative principles. It is also a figure of thought that introduces colonial images into political philosophy. The following reading of Hobbes and Rousseau, (...) which also draws on image analysis, traces how their conceptions of the state of nature are constitutively linked to imaginations of the savage that emanate from contemporary colonial discourses. Moreover, by comparing the writings of Hobbes and Rousseau it becomes apparent that the colonial difference increasingly takes on a systematic relevance. This development further contains significant similarities with the changing use of gender differences in political philosophy. (shrink)

Neste artigo, gostaríamos de refletir os pontos de contato entre a reflexão de Rainer Forst sobre a justiça e a Teoria Crítica. Para isso, primeiramente, investigaremos os traços fundamentais desta teoria assim como mostraremos em que ela se distingue da Teoria Tradicional. Após, exporemos a concepção de justiça em Rainer Forst. Num momento posterior, apresentaremos nossa visão sobre a possibilidade de considerar Rainer Forst como um teórico crítico. Palavras-chave: Rainer Forst. Justiça. Teoria Crítica. Liberalismo. Comunitarismo.

This paper explores the complex meanings of paizein and its compound sumpaizein used in connection with young girls and/or Eros in archaic Greek poetry. My basic question is whether the verb necessarily implies a knowing eroticism on the part of the character whom it describes, or whether it is the poet's way of inviting the audience to share his knowledge at the expense of the character, a kind of "wink" of complicity. I argue that there are fundamental ambiguities in this (...) particular use of paizein and that the instability of its semantic field is linked to the liminality of the stage of life to which it commonly refers. When Eros "plays," we know we should be on guard, but a young girl's "play" is somewhat more difficult to interpret. In this context, I suggest that Greek poetry can represent the liminality of a girl's sexual status through the physical setting in which the action takes place: the "players" are placed in a natural environment that reflects their stage in life, namely, the moments just before the loss of innocence, and that locus itself is open to divergent interpretations dependent on the sexual "knowledge" of the viewer. The notion "girls at play" thus resists any single interpretation, as the girls' sexual status always contains within it the potential for rapid and drastic change. (shrink)

The purpose of this article is to start a dialogue between the so-called autopoietic enactivism and the semiotic pragmatism of C. S. Peirce, in order to re-examine both action and representation under a Peircean light. The focus lays on autopoietic enactivism because this approach offers a wider theoretical scope to cognition based on the continuity of life and mind, embodiment, dynamic and non-linear interaction between a system and its environment which are compatible ideas with Peirce’s semiotic pragmatism. The term ‘pragmatic’ (...) has been introduced in cognitive science to reinforce the idea that cognition is a form of practice and to help action-oriented viewpoints to escape representationalism. In this paper, I shall try to demonstrate that Peirce’s semiotic pragmatism can be a meaningful methodological path to guide a reconciliation between not only anti-Cartesianism and representation but also representation and action. In order to accomplish this purpose, Peirce’s account to action, habit, thought and mind will be addressed through some of the guiding principles of his semiotic—sign and sign action. What follows is the re-examining of the problem of representation—as refuted by autopoietic enactivism—under the light of Peirce’s semiotic pragmatism. (shrink)

Young children often treat robots as social agents after they have witnessed interactions that can be interpreted as social. We studied in three experiments whether four-year-olds from three cultures and adults from two cultures will attribute ownership of objects to a robot that engages in social gaze with a human. Participants watched videos of robot-human interactions, in which objects were possessed or new objects were created. Children and adults applied the same ownership rules to humans and robots – irrespective of (...) whether the robot engaged in social gaze or not. However, there was cultural variation in the types of ownership rules used. In Experiment 3, we removed further social cues, finding that just showing a pair of self-propelled robot-arms elicited ownership attributions. The role of social gaze in social attributions to robots and cross-cultural differences in ownership understanding are discussed. (shrink)

We consider weighted o-minimal hybrid systems, which extend classical o-minimal hybrid systems with cost functions. These cost functions are “observer variables” which increase while the system evolves but do not constrain the behaviour of the system. In this paper, we prove two main results: optimal o-minimal hybrid games are decidable; the model-checking of WCTL, an extension of CTL which can constrain the cost variables, is decidable over that model. This has to be compared with the same problems in the framework (...) of timed automata where both problems are undecidable in general, while they are decidable for the restricted class of one-clock timed automata. (shrink)

Published in two volumes, these books provide a student audience with an excellent scholarly edition of Malthus' Essay on Population. Written in 1798 as a polite attack on post-French revolutionary speculations on the theme of social and human perfectibility, it remains one of the most powerful statements of the limits to human hopes set by the tension between population growth and natural resources. Based on the authoritative variorum edition of the versions of the Essay published between 1803 and 1826, and (...) complete with full introduction and bibliographic apparatus, this edition is intended to show how Malthusianism impinges on the history of political thought, and how the author's reputation as a population theorist and political economist was established. This is the two volume set. (shrink)

This paper argues that practitioners of psychedelic-assisted therapy could learn a great deal from Deleuze and Guattari’s critique of psychoanalysis in Anti-Oedipus, as well as the practice of materialist psychiatry – schizoanalysis – that they offer in its stead. Much of the clinical research on psychedelics (particularly psilocybin) over the past fifteen years has privileged mystical experience, assessed according to a quantifiable scale, as the goal of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and source of cure ( Griffiths et al. 2006, 2016 ; Barrett (...) and Griffiths 2018 ; Pollan 2018 ). Has ‘mystical experience’ become the ‘imperialism of Oedipus’ within the psychedelic revival, towards which all psychedelic experience and activity of the unconscious is expected to tend? Distressed patients would be better held, I contend, through a therapeutic practice that adopts Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of the unconscious as a desiring-machine and the cure as a completion of the process of desiring-production that is not arrested and reduced to pre-assigned ends. In this mode of working with psychedelics, the embodied memories, visions and sensations of the patient do not in a predetermined way ‘express’ or ‘represent’ a perennial, quantifiable experience (or myth). Rather, they enable the positive task of schizoanalysis of learning what a subject’s desiring-machines are and how they work, and the negative task of identifying and destroying all that stands in the way of their functioning. (shrink)

El 28 de mayo de 1970, Jorge Luis Borges dictó la conferencia “Junín y la Conquista del Desierto” en esa la ciudad. Entre el público presente, un agente de los servicios de inteligencia local, escuchó, escribió y envió a sus superiores una versión de la conferencia y sus impresiones, registro singular que consta en el Archivo de la Dirección de Inteligencia de la Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (DIPPBA). El objetivo del artículo es inscribir el documento en dos (...) niveles: (1) exponer algunas notas y reflexiones acerca de la narración de vidas, momentos biográficos y autobiográficos en la escritura y la estética literaria de Borges que señalan temas afines a lo supuestamente expuesto en la conferencia; (2) ubicar el documento, las lógicas del archivo y la coyuntura política que lo rodeaba en diálogo con lo anterior. Y, entretejiendo ambos, analizar en términos metodológicos y analíticos las relaciones tensionadas entre biografía, autobiografía y archivo. (shrink)

Cet ouvrage fait partie de la collection « Louise Michel : Œuvres » lancée par le laboratoire LIRE et par Xavière Gauthier dès 1999 afin de rendre son œuvre accessible et d’en montrer la complexité et l’intérêt littéraire. C’est la première édition critique de trois romans, Les microbes humains (p. 47-207), Le monde nouveau (p. 211-384) et Le claque-dents (p. 387-562) qui datent respectivement de 1886, 1888 et 1890 (p. 11). Pour le troisième tome uniquement, un tableau des correspondances ent...

E. Levinas et M. Henry reconnaissent tous deux l’importance pour la philosophie occidentale de la pensée de Husserl, mais ils s’en démarquent car ils la trouvent trop intellectualiste. C’est pourquoi ils vont chercher respectivement dans l’autre et dans la vie auto-affective une issue radicale à toute représentation ou discours théorique. L’auteur de cette étude met dès lors en évidence le fait que la critique, par ces deux phénoménologues, des philosophies de la conscience les amène à décrire, dans le cadre de (...) ce qu’elle propose d’appeler une « méta-phénoménologie », des « attitudes » telles que le désir, la douleur et la fatigue. Il sera question dès lors de tâcher de répondre aux questions portant sur la possibilité d’une refondation de la phénoménologie qui irait « au-delà » ou « en deçà » de ce que cette démarche philosophique s’est donné elle-même comme horizon. (shrink)

Forests, cars and orchestras are very different ontological entities, and yet very similar in some aspects. The relationships they have with the elements they are composed of is often assumed to be reducible to standard ontological relations, like parthood and constitution, but how this could be done is still debated. This paper sheds light on the issue starting from a linguistic and philosophical analysis aimed at understanding notions like plurality, collective and composite, and propos- ing a formal approach to characterise (...) them. We conclude the presentation with a discussion and analysis of social groups within this framework. (shrink)

Les esthétiques contemporaines nous ont habitués à penser que la valeur formelle d’un objet d’art n’était pas seulement formelle et que l’attention esthétique n’excluait ni l’intérêt cognitif ni l’émotion morale. Du côté de l’art, on a également observé ces dernières décennies un refus des distinctions trop catégoriques (forme/contenu ; fait/ valeur ; art/vie ; esthétique/cognitif/ émotionnel), en même temps qu’un retour à une pratique ouvertement orientée vers la vie éthique. Aussi, dans un contexte social où les discours et les images (...) médiatiques brouillent la perception du réel et de la mémoire, l’art cherche-t-il, par l’invention d’un autre langage et par le retour à la rhétorique dont l’histoire scientifique s’est défaite, à susciter la fonction imaginaire de la mémoire, en construisant une relation esthétique et critique aux lieux de notre histoire. Cette recherche apparaît notamment dans le travail d’Ernest Pignon-Ernest, Christian Boltanski, Sophie Calle, Pascal Convert, Anne et Patrick Poirier, Arno Gisinger ou Jochen Gerz, dont les œuvres ne se situent pas hors du monde mais au contraire prennent pied dans l’histoire, la mémoire collective et la réalité sociale, pour en explorer les failles et permettre au public une appropriation plus authentique de sa propre existence éthique et sociale. (shrink)