Results for 'Word segmentation'

975 found
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  1.  17
    Early Word Segmentation Behind the Mask.Sónia Frota, Jovana Pejovic, Marisa Cruz, Cátia Severino & Marina Vigário - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Infants have been shown to rely both on auditory and visual cues when processing speech. We investigated the impact of COVID-related changes, in particular of face masks, in early word segmentation abilities. Following up on our previous study demonstrating that, by 4 months, infants already segmented targets presented auditorily at utterance-edge position, and, using the same visual familiarization paradigm, 7–9-month-old infants performed an auditory and an audiovisual word segmentation experiment in two conditions: without and with an (...)
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  2.  22
    Modeling word segmentation.Charles D. Yang - 2004 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8 (10):451-456.
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  3.  30
    Linguistic Constraints on Statistical Word Segmentation: The Role of Consonants in Arabic and English.Itamar Kastner & Frans Adriaans - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S2):494-518.
    Statistical learning is often taken to lie at the heart of many cognitive tasks, including the acquisition of language. One particular task in which probabilistic models have achieved considerable success is the segmentation of speech into words. However, these models have mostly been tested against English data, and as a result little is known about how a statistical learning mechanism copes with input regularities that arise from the structural properties of different languages. This study focuses on statistical word (...)
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  4.  79
    A Conditional Random Field Word Segmenter.Christopher Manning - unknown
    We present a Chinese word segmentation system submitted to the closed track of Sighan bakeoff 2005. Our segmenter was built using a conditional random field sequence model that provides a framework to use a large number of linguistic features such as character identity, morphological and character reduplication features. Because our morphological features were extracted from the training corpora automatically, our system was not biased toward any particular variety of Mandarin. Thus, our system does not overfit the variety of (...)
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  5.  98
    A Bayesian framework for word segmentation: Exploring the effects of context.Sharon Goldwater, Thomas L. Griffiths & Mark Johnson - 2009 - Cognition 112 (1):21-54.
  6.  39
    The Utility of Cognitive Plausibility in Language Acquisition Modeling: Evidence From Word Segmentation.Lawrence Phillips & Lisa Pearl - 2015 - Cognitive Science 39 (8):1824-1854.
    The informativity of a computational model of language acquisition is directly related to how closely it approximates the actual acquisition task, sometimes referred to as the model's cognitive plausibility. We suggest that though every computational model necessarily idealizes the modeled task, an informative language acquisition model can aim to be cognitively plausible in multiple ways. We discuss these cognitive plausibility checkpoints generally and then apply them to a case study in word segmentation, investigating a promising Bayesian segmentation (...)
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  7.  99
    The Effect of Sonority on Word Segmentation: Evidence for the Use of a Phonological Universal.Marc Ettlinger, Amy S. Finn & Carla L. Hudson Kam - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (4):655-673.
    It has been well documented how language-specific cues may be used for word segmentation. Here, we investigate what role a language-independent phonological universal, the sonority sequencing principle (SSP), may also play. Participants were presented with an unsegmented speech stream with non-English word onsets that juxtaposed adherence to the SSP with transitional probabilities. Participants favored using the SSP in assessing word-hood, suggesting that the SSP represents a potentially powerful cue for word segmentation. To ensure the (...)
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  8.  23
    A joint model of word segmentation and meaning acquisition through cross-situational learning.Okko Räsänen & Heikki Rasilo - 2015 - Psychological Review 122 (4):792-829.
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  9.  87
    Zipfian frequency distributions facilitate word segmentation in context.Chigusa Kurumada, Stephan C. Meylan & Michael C. Frank - 2013 - Cognition 127 (3):439-453.
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  10.  22
    The Trade-Off Between Format Familiarity and Word-Segmentation Facilitation in Chinese Reading.Mingjing Chen, Yongsheng Wang, Bingjie Zhao, Xin Li & Xuejun Bai - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    In alphabetic writing systems (such as English), the spaces between words mark the word boundaries, and the basic unit of reading is distinguished during visual-level processing. The visual-level information of word boundaries facilitates reading. Chinese is an ideographic language whose text contains no intrinsic inter-word spaces as the marker of word boundaries. Previous studies have shown that the basic processing unit of Chinese reading is also a word. However, findings remain inconsistent regarding whether inserting spaces (...)
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  11.  19
    Does morphological complexity affect word segmentation? Evidence from computational modeling.Georgia Loukatou, Sabine Stoll, Damian Blasi & Alejandrina Cristia - 2022 - Cognition 220 (C):104960.
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  12.  53
    A computational model of word segmentation from continuous speech using transitional probabilities of atomic acoustic events.Okko Räsänen - 2011 - Cognition 120 (2):149-176.
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  13.  66
    Optimizing chinese word segmentation for machine translation performance.Christopher Manning - unknown
    Pi-Chuan Chang, Michel Galley, and Christopher D. Manning Computer Science Department, Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 pichuan,galley,manning@cs.stanford.edu..
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  14.  22
    Orofacial somatosensory inputs modulate word segmentation in lexical decision.Rintaro Ogane, Jean-Luc Schwartz & Takayuki Ito - 2020 - Cognition 197 (C):104163.
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  15.  20
    The Influence of Different Prosodic Cues on Word Segmentation.Theresa Matzinger, Nikolaus Ritt & W. Tecumseh Fitch - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    A prerequisite for spoken language learning is segmenting continuous speech into words. Amongst many possible cues to identify word boundaries, listeners can use both transitional probabilities between syllables and various prosodic cues. However, the relative importance of these cues remains unclear, and previous experiments have not directly compared the effects of contrasting multiple prosodic cues. We used artificial language learning experiments, where native German speaking participants extracted meaningless trisyllabic “words” from a continuous speech stream, to evaluate these factors. We (...)
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  16. Modeling human performance in statistical word segmentation.Michael C. Frank, Sharon Goldwater, Thomas L. Griffiths & Joshua B. Tenenbaum - 2010 - Cognition 117 (2):107-125.
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  17.  15
    Consequences of phonological variation for algorithmic word segmentation.Caroline Beech & Daniel Swingley - 2023 - Cognition 235 (C):105401.
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  18.  83
    The curse of knowledge: First language knowledge impairs adult learners’ use of novel statistics for word segmentation.Amy S. Finn & Carla L. Hudson Kam - 2008 - Cognition 108 (2):477-499.
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  19.  54
    Stress changes the representational landscape: evidence from word segmentation.Suzanne Curtin, Toben H. Mintz & Morten H. Christiansen - 2005 - Cognition 96 (3):233-262.
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  20.  16
    How much does prosody help word segmentation? A simulation study on infant-directed speech.Bogdan Ludusan, Alejandrina Cristia, Reiko Mazuka & Emmanuel Dupoux - 2022 - Cognition 219 (C):104961.
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  21.  14
    Perceptual intake explains variability in statistical word segmentation.Felix Hao Wang, Meili Luo & Suiping Wang - 2023 - Cognition 241 (C):105612.
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  22.  19
    Corrigendum: The Trade-Off Between Format Familiarity and Word-Segmentation Facilitation in Chinese Reading.Mingjing Chen, Yongsheng Wang, Bingjie Zhao, Xin Li & Xuejun Bai - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
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  23. Learning Diphone-Based Segmentation.Robert Daland & Janet B. Pierrehumbert - 2011 - Cognitive Science 35 (1):119-155.
    This paper reconsiders the diphone-based word segmentation model of Cairns, Shillcock, Chater, and Levy (1997) and Hockema (2006), previously thought to be unlearnable. A statistically principled learning model is developed using Bayes’ theorem and reasonable assumptions about infants’ implicit knowledge. The ability to recover phrase-medial word boundaries is tested using phonetic corpora derived from spontaneous interactions with children and adults. The (unsupervised and semi-supervised) learning models are shown to exhibit several crucial properties. First, only a small amount (...)
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  24.  43
    Word Extraction and Character Segmentation from Text Lines of Unconstrained Handwritten Bangla Document Images.Mita Nasipuri, Mahantapas Kundu, Subhadip Basu, Nibaran Das, Samir Malakar & Ram Sarkar - 2011 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 20 (3):227-260.
    In this paper, a novel approach for word extraction and character segmentation from the handwritten Bangla document images is reported. At first, a modified Run Length Smoothing Algorithm, called Spiral Run Length Smearing Algorithm, is applied for the extraction of words from the text lines of unconstrained handwritten Bangla document images. This technique has helped to overcome some of the drawbacks of standard horizontal and vertical RLSA techniques. SRLSA technique has been applied on the Bangla handwritten document image (...)
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  25.  22
    Computational Modeling of the Segmentation of Sentence Stimuli From an Infant Word‐Finding Study.Daniel Swingley & Robin Algayres - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (3):e13427.
    Computational models of infant word‐finding typically operate over transcriptions of infant‐directed speech corpora. It is now possible to test models of word segmentation on speech materials, rather than transcriptions of speech. We propose that such modeling efforts be conducted over the speech of the experimental stimuli used in studies measuring infants' capacity for learning from spoken sentences. Correspondence with infant outcomes in such experiments is an appropriate benchmark for models of infants. We demonstrate such an analysis by (...)
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  26.  15
    Can Infants Retain Statistically Segmented Words and Mappings Across a Delay?Ferhat Karaman, Jill Lany & Jessica F. Hay - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (3):e13433.
    Infants are sensitive to statistics in spoken language that aid word‐form segmentation and immediate mapping to referents. However, it is not clear whether this sensitivity influences the formation and retention of word‐referent mappings across a delay, two real‐world challenges that learners must overcome. We tested how the timing of referent training, relative to familiarization with transitional probabilities (TPs) in speech, impacts English‐learning 23‐month‐olds’ ability to form and retain word‐referent mappings. In Experiment 1, we tested infants’ ability (...)
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  27. Segmenting speech by recognizing words.A. Henly & H. Nusbaum - 1991 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 29 (6):482-482.
     
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  28.  23
    Segmentation of Rhythmic Units in Word Speech by Japanese Infants and Toddlers.Yeonju Cheong & Izumi Uehara - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    When infants and toddlers are confronted with sequences of sounds, they are required to segment the sounds into meaningful units to achieve sufficient understanding. Rhythm has been regarded as a crucial cue for segmentation of speech sounds. Although previous intermodal methods indicated that infants and toddlers could detect differences in speech sounds based on stress-timed and syllable-timed units, these methods could not clearly indicate how infants and toddlers perform sound segmentation. Thus, the present study examined whether Japanese infants (...)
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  29.  59
    Spoken word recognition in young tone language learners: Age-dependent effects of segmental and suprasegmental variation.Weiyi Ma, Peng Zhou, Leher Singh & Liqun Gao - 2017 - Cognition 159 (C):139-155.
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  30.  34
    Developmental Differences Between Children and Adults in the Use of Visual Cues for Segmentation.Ori Lavi-Rotbain & Inbal Arnon - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S2):606-620.
    Recent work asked if visual cues facilitate word segmentation in adults and infants. While adults showed better word segmentation when presented with a regular visual cue, infants did not. This difference was attributed to infants' lack of understanding that objects have labels. Alternatively, infants’ performance could reflect their difficulty with tracking and integrating multiple multimodal cues. We contrasted these two accounts by looking at the effect of visual cues on word segmentation in adults and (...)
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  31.  41
    The segment-to-frame association in word reading: early effects of the interaction between segmental and suprasegmental information.Simone Sulpizio & Remo Job - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  32.  32
    Effects of segmentation and expectancy on matching time for words and nonwords.Robert M. Schindler, Arnold D. Well & Alexander Pollatsek - 1974 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 103 (1):107.
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  33.  17
    Using Predictability for Lexical Segmentation.Çağrı Çöltekin - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (7):1988-2021.
    This study investigates a strategy based on predictability of consecutive sub-lexical units in learning to segment a continuous speech stream into lexical units using computational modeling and simulations. Lexical segmentation is one of the early challenges during language acquisition, and it has been studied extensively through psycholinguistic experiments as well as computational methods. However, despite strong empirical evidence, the explicit use of predictability of basic sub-lexical units in models of segmentation is underexplored. This paper presents an incremental computational (...)
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  34.  89
    Automatic phonetic segmentation of Hindi speech using hidden Markov model.Archana Balyan, S. S. Agrawal & Amita Dev - 2012 - AI and Society 27 (4):543-549.
    In this paper, we study the performance of baseline hidden Markov model (HMM) for segmentation of speech signals. It is applied on single-speaker segmentation task, using Hindi speech database. The automatic phoneme segmentation framework evolved imitates the human phoneme segmentation process. A set of 44 Hindi phonemes were chosen for the segmentation experiment, wherein we used continuous density hidden Markov model (CDHMM) with a mixture of Gaussian distribution. The left-to-right topology with no skip states has (...)
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  35.  52
    Proximate units in word production: Phonological encoding begins with syllables in Mandarin Chinese but with segments in English.Padraig G. O’Seaghdha, Jenn-Yeu Chen & Train-Min Chen - 2010 - Cognition 115 (2):282-302.
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  36.  40
    The role of word structure in segmental serial ordering.Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel - 1992 - Cognition 42 (1-3):213-259.
  37.  56
    The link between statistical segmentation and word learning in adults.Daniel Mirman, James S. Magnuson, Katharine Graf Estes & James A. Dixon - 2008 - Cognition 108 (1):271-280.
  38.  30
    Orthographic Transparency Enhances Morphological Segmentation in Children Reading Hebrew Words.Laurice Haddad, Yael Weiss, Tami Katzir & Tali Bitan - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  39.  40
    British English infants segment words only with exaggerated infant-directed speech stimuli.Caroline Floccia, Tamar Keren-Portnoy, Rory DePaolis, Hester Duffy, Claire Delle Luche, Samantha Durrant, Laurence White, Jeremy Goslin & Marilyn Vihman - 2016 - Cognition 148 (C):1-9.
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  40.  72
    Electrocorticographic representations of segmental features in continuous speech.Fabien Lotte, Jonathan S. Brumberg, Peter Brunner, Aysegul Gunduz, Anthony L. Ritaccio, Cuntai Guan & Gerwin Schalk - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9:119171.
    Acoustic speech output results from coordinated articulation of dozens of muscles, bones and cartilages of the vocal mechanism. While we commonly take the fluency and speed of our speech productions for granted, the neural mechanisms facilitating the requisite muscular control are not completely understood. Previous neuroimaging and electrophysiology studies of speech sensorimotor control has typically concentrated on speech sounds (i.e., phonemes, syllables and words) in isolation; sentence-length investigations have largely been used to inform coincident linguistic processing. In this study, we (...)
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  41.  31
    Bayesian Surprise Predicts Human Event Segmentation in Story Listening.Manoj Kumar, Ariel Goldstein, Sebastian Michelmann, Jeffrey M. Zacks, Uri Hasson & Kenneth A. Norman - 2023 - Cognitive Science 47 (10):e13343.
    Event segmentation theory posits that people segment continuous experience into discrete events and that event boundaries occur when there are large transient increases in prediction error. Here, we set out to test this theory in the context of story listening, by using a deep learning language model (GPT‐2) to compute the predicted probability distribution of the next word, at each point in the story. For three stories, we used the probability distributions generated by GPT‐2 to compute the time (...)
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  42.  18
    Vowel Phoneme Segmentation for Speaker Identification Using an ANN-Based Framework.Kandarpa Kumar Sarma & Mousmita Sarma - 2013 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 22 (2):111-130.
    Vowel phonemes are a part of any acoustic speech signal. Vowel sounds occur in speech more frequently and with higher energy. Therefore, vowel phoneme can be used to extract different amounts of speaker discriminative information in situations where acoustic information is noise corrupted. This article presents an approach to identify a speaker using the vowel sound segmented out from words spoken by the speaker. The work uses a combined self-organizing map - and probabilistic neural network -based approach to segment the (...)
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  43.  32
    Vowels, then consonants: Early bias switch in recognizing segmented word forms.Léo-Lyuki Nishibayashi & Thierry Nazzi - 2016 - Cognition 155 (C):188-203.
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  44.  30
    Media Multiplication and Social Segmentation.Elihu Katz - 2000 - Ethical Perspectives 7 (2):122-132.
    By now, everybody has heard of the `bourgeois public sphere,' that moment in history when a rising merchant class felt empowered enough to deliberate public policy rationally and universalistically, and to transmit its conclusions to the powers-that-were with the expectation of being taken seriously. By academic standards Habermas's thesis has become a household word, perhaps because it offers a nostalgic reminder of a lost utopia of participatory democracy, or because it offers hope of what yet might be — if (...)
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  45.  23
    New Approach for Writer Verification Based on Segments of Handwritten Graphemes.Verónica Aubin, Marco Mora & Matilde Santos - 2022 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 30 (6):965-978.
    Traditional literature considers complex biometric sources such as words, letters and signatures for writer verification/identification. In this work the use of small segments of the handwritten stroke for writer verification is proposed. A grapheme is defined as the concatenation of smaller segments or fragments. Two models of grapheme are developed based on the idea that the segments are parts of a circle with or without direction. The average of Gray Level of the Perpendicular Line to the Skeleton and Local Binary (...)
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  46.  18
    Spanish input accelerates bilingual infants' segmentation of English words.Victoria Mateu & Megha Sundara - 2022 - Cognition 218 (C):104936.
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  47.  17
    When a request turn is segmented: Managing the deontic authority via early compliance.Satomi Kuroshima - 2023 - Discourse Studies 25 (1):114-136.
    By drawing on service encounter data in Japanese, this paper analyzes a previously undocumented request action initiated by a service provider to a client as a necessary step to provide the service. The service provider and their client, both exercising respective deontic rights, collaboratively construct a request turn in particular ways. In this case, due to the Japanese SOV word order, the service provider takes advantage of segmenting their request turn to allow the recipient clients to begin compliance, who (...)
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  48.  44
    The greek colon - F. scheppers the colon hypothesis. Word order, discourse segmentation and discourse coherence in ancient greek. Pp. XVIII + 484. Brussels: Vubpress, 2011. Paper, €35. Isbn: 978-90-5487-944-2. [REVIEW]Sander Orriens - 2013 - The Classical Review 63 (1):3-4.
  49.  32
    Do Infants Learn Words From Statistics? Evidence From English‐Learning Infants Hearing Italian.Amber Shoaib, Tianlin Wang, Jessica F. Hay & Jill Lany - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (8):3083-3099.
    Infants are sensitive to statistical regularities (i.e., transitional probabilities, or TPs) relevant to segmenting words in fluent speech. However, there is debate about whether tracking TPs results in representations of possible words. Infants show preferential learning of sequences with high TPs (HTPs) as object labels relative to those with low TPs (LTPs). Such findings could mean that only the HTP sequences have a word‐like status, and they are more readily mapped to a referent for that reason. But these findings (...)
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  50.  56
    Testing the Limits of Long-Distance Learning: Learning Beyond a Three-Segment Window.Sara Finley - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (4):740-756.
    Traditional flat-structured bigram and trigram models of phonotactics are useful because they capture a large number of facts about phonological processes. Additionally, these models predict that local interactions should be easier to learn than long-distance ones because long-distance dependencies are difficult to capture with these models. Long-distance phonotactic patterns have been observed by linguists in many languages, who have proposed different kinds of models, including feature-based bigram and trigram models, as well as precedence models. Contrary to flat-structured bigram and trigram (...)
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