In the 1980, the introduction of the concept of competence in learning programs has been an experimental attempt to cope with changing business. This concept was applied once in the late 1960s by companies to increase their production efficiency. Today, we observe that many centers of research and learning as well as researchers continue to work to improve the learning process based on the concept of competence. The question is what are the adequacy limits of the theoretical approach to practical (...) realities on the ground? (shrink)