Results for 'history of mixture'

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  1. Compounds and Mixtures.Paul Needham - 2012 - In Robin Hendry, Andrea Woody & Paul Needham, Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, Vol 6: Philosophy of Chemistry. pp. 271-290.
    From a modern point of view, compounds are contrasted with elements of which they are composed, and the two categories combine to give the category of substances. Mixtures, on the other hand, might be understood to contrast with pure substances (substances in isolation), so that mixtures are quantities of matter containing several substances (be they compounds or uncombined elements) whereas pure substances are understood to be quantities of matter exhausting the material contents of a region of space which contain only (...)
     
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  2.  65
    Mixtures and modality.Paul Needham - 2004 - Foundations of Chemistry 7 (1):103-118.
    Some points are made about substance properties in their role of introducing mass terms. In particular, two conditions of distributivity and cumulativity of mass predicates expressing these properties are not the independent pair they first appear to be. A classification of macroscopic substance concepts is developed. This needs to be complemented in some way by the introduction of a modal qualification reminiscent of Aristotle's distinction between actual and potential presence of substances in a mixture. Consideration of the latter feature (...)
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  3.  39
    Racial mixture, blood and nation in medical publications on sickle cell disease in 1950s Brazil.Juliana Manzoni Cavalcanti - 2019 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 41 (4):51.
    This paper investigates continuities and changes in the definition of sickle cell disease in 1950s Brazil, taking into account that diseases have a history and are recognized as such according to the knowledge and perceptions available in a certain historical period and specific location. In the post-war era, new diagnostic tools, inheritance theories and, in particular, discussions on the concepts of race and racial relations, both nationally and internationally, were changing previous racialist and racist views. Nonetheless, the Brazilian medical (...)
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  4.  70
    (1 other version)Interpreting Aristotle on mixture: Problems about elemental composition from philoponus to Cooper.Michael Weisberg - 2004 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 35 (4):681–706.
    Aristotle’s On generation and corruption raises a vital question: how is mixture, or what we would now call chemical combination, possible? It also offers an outline of a solution to the problem and a set of criteria that a successful solution must meet. Understanding Aristotle’s solution and developing a viable peripatetic theory of chemical combination has been a source of controversy over the last two millennia. We describe seven criteria a peripatetic theory of mixture must satisfy: uniformity, recoverability, (...)
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  5. Syncretism and Its Synonyms: Reflections on Cultural Mixture.Charles Stewart - 1999 - Diacritics 29 (3):40-62.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Diacritics 29.3 (1999) 40-62 [Access article in PDF] Syncretism and Its Synonyms: Reflections on Cultural Mixture Charles Stewart * The subject matter of anthropology has gradually changed over the last twenty years. Nowadays ethnographers rarely search for a stable or original form of cultures; they are usually more concerned with revealing how local communities respond to historical change and global influences. The burgeoning literature on transnational flows of (...)
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  6.  58
    Mixture and chemical combination and related essays: A response to Robert Deltete and Anastasios Brenner.Paul Needham - 2004 - Foundations of Chemistry 6 (3):233-245.
    Robert Deltete and Anastasios Brenner have provided a thorough examination of my translation of Duhem’s Le mixte et la combinaison chimique (1902) and associated essays. I am very grateful for their efforts and gratified that such competent reviewers should be generally positive. They provide an overview of relevant aspects of Duhem’s life and work, which may serve to introduce him to readers of this journal and promote interest in Duhem studies. They also raise and answer some questions about the interpretation (...)
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  7.  51
    Mysterious Mixtures: Descartes on Mind and Body.Richard Davies - 2015 - Journal of Early Modern Studies 4 (1):47-78.
    As is well known, Descartes’ doctrine on the relations of mind and body involves at least the following two theses: the real distinction of mind and body is compatible with their substantial union; and the siting of the mind at the tip of the pineal gland is compatible with its presence throughout the body. Th is essay seeks to perform three main tasks. One is to suggest that, so far as Descartes is concerned, the doctrine that arises out of the (...)
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  8.  17
    Time and History in Hegelian Thought and Spirit by Sally Sedgwick (review). [REVIEW]Matthew Stripling - 2023 - Review of Metaphysics 77 (2):364-366.
    SEDGWICK, Sally. Time and History in Hegelian Thought and Spirit. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023. x + 194 pp. Cloth, $80.00—This book is a compact, tightly focused, approachable yet subtle interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy of history. It dispels the idealist caricature sometimes encountered in histories of philosophy and instead argues for a more empirically minded Hegel who is deeply sensitive to the contingency and finitude of human existence. The book’s central objective is to show that according to Hegel (...)
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  9. Pierre Duhem: Mixture and chemical combination and related essays. Edited and translated, with an introduction, by Paul Needham.Robert J. Deltete & Anastasios Brenner - 2004 - Foundations of Chemistry 6 (3):203-232.
    The following is an essay review of Paul Needham's translation of Pierre Duhem's Lemixte et la combinaison chimique and a numberof other essays. In this review we describe theintent and general features of Le mixte and try to place it in the larger context of Duhem'sprogram for energetics. The long essay (Essay3) opposing Marcellin Berthelot'sthermochemistry is singled out for detailedcommentary, since it gives Duhem's reasons forendorsing Josiah Willard Gibbs's chemicalstatics. We argue that a chemical mechanics ofa Gibbsian sort, defended in (...)
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  10.  43
    What is a perfect gas mixture?S. Le Vent - 2001 - Foundations of Chemistry 3 (3):227-239.
    The definition of a perfect gas mixture varies substantially within the chemistry textbook literature. A recent International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) definition is here criticised as being insufficient to cover properties traditionally associated with such mixtures. Possible supplements to the definition to rectify the deficiency are considered. An alternative definition in molecular terms is shown to be comprehensive. The paper should serve as a summary of the properties of a perfect gas mixture and of essential (...)
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  11.  45
    Chariton's Erotic History.Jean Alvares - 1997 - American Journal of Philology 118 (4):613-629.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Chariton's Erotic HistoryJean AlvaresIt is clear that numerous personages and events of Chaireas and Callirhoe are either taken directly from history or are in some way based on historiographical materials.1 The work has been considered a historical romance,2 yet its mixture of genuine historical fact, gross inaccuracies, anachronisms of Chariton's period,3 and reflections of drama, oratory, and epic4 suggests to some that Chariton merely aims to provide (...)
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  12.  47
    Occidentalism: Jack Goody and Comparative History.Mike Featherstone - 2009 - Theory, Culture and Society 26 (7-8):1-15.
    This article introduces the special section on the contribution of Jack Goody, which focuses on The Theft of History (2006). Goody attacks the notion of a radical division between Europe and Asia, which has become built into the commonsense academic wisdom and categorical apparatus of the social sciences and humanities. Eurocentrism is a constant target as he scrutinizes and finds wanting the claims of the West to have invented modern science, cultural renaissances, the free city, capitalism, democracy, love and (...)
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  13. Strauss's Natural Right and History.Richard Kennington - 1981 - Review of Metaphysics 35 (1):57 - 86.
    AT the time Strauss published Natural Right and History the state of the question of natural right was a mixture of oblivion and fitful restoration. Natural right had disappeared from the center of discussion in political philosophy for well over a century. No philosopher of the first rank had written a treatise on, or advocated the necessity of, natural right since the time of German idealism or perhaps since Rousseau. Kant more than any other had emptied "natural right" (...)
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  14. Qu'est-ce qu'une fondue ? [What is a fondue?].Alain de Libera & Olivier Massin - 2014 - In Olivier Massin & Anne Meylan, Aristote chez les Helvètes: Douze essais de métaphysique helvétique. Ithaque.
    We review the history of the philosophy of fondue since Aristotle so as to arrive at the formulation of the paradox of Swiss fondue. Either the wine and the cheese cease to exist (Buridan), but then the fondue is not really a mixture of wine and cheese. Or the wine and the cheese continue to exist. If they do, then either they continue to exist in different places (the chemists), but then a fondue can never be perfectly homogenous (...)
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  15.  66
    Mixtures and Psychological Inference with Resting State fMRI.Joseph McCaffrey & David Danks - 2022 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 73 (3):583-611.
    In this essay, we examine the use of resting state fMRI data for psychological inferences. We argue that resting state studies hold the paired promises of discovering novel functional brain networks, and of avoiding some of the limitations of task-based fMRI. However, we argue that the very features of experimental design that enable resting state fMRI to support exploratory science also generate a novel confound. We argue that seemingly key features of resting state functional connectivity networks may be artefacts resulting (...)
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  16. Christopher Tomlins.Why Law'S. Objects Do Not Disappear : On History As Remainder - 2018 - In Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos, Routledge Handbook of Law and Theory. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  17.  92
    Breve storia dell'etica.Sergio Cremaschi - 2012 - Roma RM, Italia: Carocci.
    The book reconstructs the history of Western ethics. The approach chosen focuses the endless dialectic of moral codes, or different kinds of ethos, moral doctrines that are preached in order to bring about a reform of existing ethos, and ethical theories that have taken shape in the context of controversies about the ethos and moral doctrines as means of justifying or reforming moral doctrines. Such dialectic is what is meant here by the phrase ‘moral traditions’, taken as a name (...)
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  18.  15
    Mundos y agencias posthumanos.Yanina Maribel Lo Feudo - 2022 - Cuadernos Filosóficos / Segunda Época 1.
    If the history of metaphysics is, as Heidegger suggests, essentially humanist, the questions that have been addressed to humanism, united under the label of posthumanism, face the challenge of establishing a rupture with a bimillenary hegemony of the human against the non-human. This paper will be interested in problematizing the way in which the humanist model has attributed to man the privilege of being the only being capable of acting and shaping the world. The objective will be to explore (...)
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  19.  10
    The Bakhtin Circle: In the Master's Absence.Craig Brandist, David Shepherd, Lecturer in Russian Studies David Shepherd, Galin Tihanov & Junior Research Fellow in Russian and German Intellectual History Galin Tihanov - 2004 - Manchester University Press.
    The Russian philosopher and cultural theorist Mikhail Bakhtin has traditionally been seen as the leading figure in the group of intellectuals known as the Bakhtin Circle. The writings of other members of the Circle are considered much less important than his work, while Bakhtin's achievement has been exaggerated in proportion to the downgrading of the thinkers with whom he associated in the 1920s. This volume, which includes new translations and studies of the work of the most important members of the (...)
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  20.  18
    Representing Mixtures.James Wills - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science:1-37.
    I describe two candidate representations of a mixture. The first, which I call the ‘standard representation’, is not a good representation of a mixture in spite of its widespread popularity. The second, which I call ‘Gibbs’ representation’, is less widely adopted but is, I argue, a much better representation. I show that, once we have a precise mathematical structure that can be used to represent thermodynamic systems, and once an adequate perspective on representation is adopted, Gibbs’ representation trumps (...)
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  21.  83
    'Hermaphroditical mixtures': Margaret Cavendish on nature and art.Susan James - 2018 - In Emily Thomas, Early Modern Women on Metaphysics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Cavendish is critical of two of the experimental sciences of her day: chemistry and microscopy. Rather than creating new things, as their practitioners claim, they produce 'hermaphroditical mixtures'. I trace this startling metaphor to the alchemical tradition and suggest how its origins can help us to understand Cavendish's position. In her view, the chemists and microscopists exaggerate their own power and creativity, and fail to recognise that human creativity belongs primarily to imagination. I show how this theme is worked out (...)
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  22. Macroscopic Mixtures.Paul Needham - 2007 - Journal of Philosophy 104 (1):26-52.
    This paper takes up issues related to the notion of chemical substances arising from their mereological and modal features. Related notions are elements and compounds, into which substances are sub-divided, and the general notion of mixture, which as a special case might involve several substances, but covers other cases too. These are essentially macroscopic concepts. Some of the chemical arguments for this claim have been presented elsewhere. The present paper is a metaphysical treatment of matter as categorised by the (...)
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  23.  2
    Entre médecine et philosophie.Marion Bourbon - 2024 - Philosophie Antique 24 (24):151-174.
    This paper attempts to trace part of the history of medical and philosophical exchanges within the materialist tradition. I focus on this decisive role that they play on the emergence of organismic conception of the body. From its very beginnings, medical thought as the thought of mixture and as psychophysiology has been in close connection with the pre-Socratic tradition, and with Empedocles in particular. Both of them propose accounts of the blending as protoconceptions of an organic model of (...)
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  24.  93
    Aristotle on mixtures.Richard Sharvy - 1983 - Journal of Philosophy 80 (8):439-457.
  25.  15
    Expected utility theory on mixture spaces without the completeness axiom.David McCarthy, Kalle M. Mikkola & Teruji Thomas - 2021 - Journal of Mathematical Economics 97 (December 2021).
    A mixture preorder is a preorder on a mixture space (such as a convex set) that is compatible with the mixing operation. In decision theoretic terms, it satisfies the central expected utility axiom of strong independence. We consider when a mixture preorder has a multi-representation that consists of real-valued, mixture-preserving functions. If it does, it must satisfy the mixture continuity axiom of Herstein and Milnor (1953). Mixture continuity is sufficient for a mixture-preserving multi-representation (...)
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  26.  30
    Mixture and Transformation in Aristotle’s De generatione et corruptione.Arman Zarifian - 2018 - Peitho 9 (1):53-69.
    In his works on natural sciences, primarily in the Physics, Aristotle focuses on different forms of metabolē and distinguishes movement in general from substantial change. The On generation and corruption deals with the latter. When reading this treatise, one should pay particular attention to the concept of mixture. Apart from being the subject of a specific chapter, the problem of mixture permeates the whole work. But what exactly is mixture? Is it a simple combination of small parts? (...)
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  27. Mixture and chemical combination and related essays.Paul Needham (ed.) - 2002 - Dordrecht, Nederländerna: Kluwer.
    This is a translation of Duhem's Le mixte et la combination chimique (1902) together with eight related essays including Les theories de la chaleur (1895), Thermochimie (1897), L'oeuvre de M. J. H. van 't Hoff (1900) and a short extract from Traité d'énergétique (1911) dealing with the nature of mixtures.
     
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  28. Neo-empirical mixtures.Johannes Siapkas - 2015 - In Charlotta Hillerdal & Johannes Siapkas, Debating archaeological empiricism: the ambiguity of material evidence. New York: Routledge.
     
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  29.  60
    Expected utility theory on mixture spaces without the completeness axiom.David McCarthy, Kalle Mikkola & Joaquin Teruji Thomas - 2021 - arXiv:2102.06898 [Econ.TH].
    A mixture preorder is a preorder on a mixture space (such as a convex set) that is compatible with the mixing operation. In decision theoretic terms, it satisfies the central expected utility axiom of strong independence. We consider when a mixture preorder has a multi-representation that consists of real-valued, mixture-preserving functions. If it does, it must satisfy the mixture continuity axiom of Herstein and Milnor (1953). Mixture continuity is sufficient for a mixture-preserving multi-representation (...)
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  30.  41
    Grains, Components and Mixtures in Biomedical Ontologies.Ludger Jansen & Schulz Stefan - 2011 - Journal of Biomedical Semantics 2 (4).
    BACKGROUND -/- In biomedical ontologies, mereological relations have always been subject to special interest due to their high relevance in structural descriptions of anatomical entities, cells, and biomolecules. This paper investigates two important subrelations of has_proper_part, viz. the relation has_grain, which relates a collective entity to its multiply occurring uniform parts (e.g., water molecules in a portion of water), and the relation has_component, which relates a compound to its constituents (e.g., molecules to the atoms they consist of). -/- METHOD -/- (...)
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  31. Timaeus on Color Mixture.Mark Eli Kalderon - manuscript
    Now with extra footnotes, by editorial demand! Final version accepted by Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy. -/- This essay consists in a trick and a potential insight. The trick consists in a minimalist interpretation of color mixture. The account of color mixture is minimalist in the sense that, given certain background assumptions, there is no more to Timaeus’ account of color mixture than the list of the chromatic pathēmata and the list of how these combine to elicit (...)
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  32.  18
    History and the Humanities.Hajo Holborn - 1948 - Doubleday.
  33.  25
    Introduction: Coherent Mixtures.Jeffrey M. Perl, Noa Halevy, Edith Bruder & Jamie Gilham - 2017 - Common Knowledge 23 (3):396-403.
    In his introduction to part 2 of the Common Knowledge symposium on xenophilia, the journal's editor tours the reader through two private apartments and through two public art collections in an effort to establish that aesthetically coherent mixtures of apparently immiscible objects from widely divergent cultures are possible and also morally glamorous. Xenophobia at its least reprehensible, he argues, is a fear of ecumenism and its consequences, as well as a fear of one's own conversion — of “turning Turk.” Xenophilia (...)
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  34.  20
    Human colour vision: 1. colour mixture and retino-geniculate processing.John S. Werner - 2001 - In Werner Backhaus, Neuronal Coding of Perceptual Systems. World Scientific. pp. 79--101.
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  35.  15
    A doutrina cosmológico/soteriológica ontológico/materialista dualista maniqueísta.Marcos R. Nunes Costa - 2004 - Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval 11:273.
    Founded in Asia, in the third century, by Mani, manicheism constituted, by itself, in a doctrinal viewpoint, in a gnosis that mixed oriental principles of sects/religions, specially from Zoroastrism and Budism, Greek-Roman Philosophy and Christianism. His basic thesis consisted of statement of two ontological principles: Good or Light, presented by the sun, and Evil or Darkness, personified in matter. From this ontological Dualism arose a cosmology/soteriology that presented the salvation history of world in three moments: the first-one, initial, embodies (...)
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  36.  22
    History to reckon with.Simon Werrett - 2018 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 72:59-62.
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  37.  79
    Criteria for basic tastes and other sensory primaries.James E. Cutting - 2008 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31 (1):77-78.
    Primary, or basic, colors have been discussed for centuries. Over time, three criteria have emerged on their behalf: (a) their physical mixture yielding all other spectral colors, (b) the physiological attunement of receptors or pathways to particular wavelengths, and (c) the etymological history of the color term. These criteria can be applied usefully to taste to clarify issues.
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  38.  9
    Gandhi: the Mixture Was the Essence. [REVIEW]Nishikant Kolge - 2020 - Journal of Dharma Studies 3 (1):207-214.
    Like Samiksha Goyal, many have asked—was Gandhi a Philosopher, deeply committed to moral principles, or a mass leader who was political strategist par excellence? In my response, I argue that scholars have created a false dichotomy between Gandhi the philosopher and Gandhi the pragmatic politician because usually these two are considered as different as chalk and cheese. Politicians are not expected to be moral and spiritual persons are not expected to be pragmatic. But, this article explains that it is wrong (...)
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  39.  22
    An olfactory analogy to release from mixture suppression in taste.Harry T. Lawless - 1987 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25 (4):266-268.
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  40.  6
    Introduction: Race science in the Latin world.Sebastián Gil-Riaño & Sarah Walsh - 2022 - History of Science 60 (1):4-17.
    This essay outlines the various analytical frameworks related to the history of race science that contribute to a “Latin” intellectual culture and tradition. In addition to defining Latinity as applied to the history of science, this article examines the troubled relationship between Latin American history and histories of science characterized as global. Similarly, it explores intellectual linkages across the Global South regarding racial mixture and the legacy of colonialism. It concludes by considering how a Latin perspective (...)
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  41. The Full Bayesian Significance Test for Mixture Models: Results in Gene Expression Clustering.Julio Michael Stern, Marcelo de Souza Lauretto & Carlos Alberto de Braganca Pereira - 2008 - Genetics and Molecular Research 7 (3):883-897.
    Gene clustering is a useful exploratory technique to group together genes with similar expression levels under distinct cell cycle phases or distinct conditions. It helps the biologist to identify potentially meaningful relationships between genes. In this study, we propose a clustering method based on multivariate normal mixture models, where the number of clusters is predicted via sequential hypothesis tests: at each step, the method considers a mixture model of m components (m = 2 in the first step) and (...)
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  42.  17
    The Q-Matrix Anchored Mixture Rasch Model.Ming-Chi Tseng & Wen-Chung Wang - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Mixture item response theory models include a mixture of latent subpopulations such that there are qualitative differences between subgroups but within each subpopulation the measure model based on a continuous latent variable holds. Under this modeling framework, students can be characterized by both their location on a continuous latent variable and by their latent class membership according to Students’ responses. It is important to identify anchor items for constructing a common scale between latent classes beforehand under the (...) IRT framework. Then, all model parameters across latent classes can be estimated on the common scale. In the study, we proposed Q-matrix anchored mixture Rasch model, including a Q-matrix and the traditional mixture Rasch model. The Q-matrix in QAMRM can use class invariant items to place all model parameter estimates from different latent classes on a common scale regardless of the ability distribution. A simulation study was conducted, and it was found that the estimated parameters of the QAMRM recovered fairly well. A real dataset from the Certificate of Proficiency in English was analyzed with the QAMRM, LCDM. It was found the QAMRM outperformed the LCDM in terms of model fit indices. (shrink)
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  43.  63
    Multiple Arts: The Muses II.Jean-Luc Nancy - 2006 - Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. Edited by Simon Sparks.
    This collection of writings by Jean-Luc Nancy, the renowned French critic and poet, delves into the history of philosophy to locate a fundamentally poetic modus operandi there. The book represents a daring mixture of Nancy’s philosophical essays, writings about artworks, and artwork of his own. With theoretical rigor, Nancy elaborates on the intrinsic multiplicity of art as a concept of “making,” and outlines the tensions inherent in the faire, the “making” that characterizes the very process of production and (...)
  44.  19
    Galen on the Stoic-Peripatetic Controversy about Mixtures: Qualities or Bodies?Claudia Mirrione - 2023 - Elenchos: Rivista di Studi Sul Pensiero Antico 44 (2):295-311.
    Galen’s elemental mixture of fire, air, water and earth (and of the corresponding primary qualities, hot, cold, dry and wet) is primarily a physical process, in which primary elements mix and give rise to all compounded physical bodies, inanimate and animate. As such, the concrete, physical process of mixture is an essential basis for a thorough understanding of Galen’s physical system. In this article I pursued a twofold aim. First, I showed Galen’s syncretic approach while expounding his theory (...)
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  45. Synthetic history reconsidered.Michael Friedman - 2010 - In Michael Friedman, Mary Domski & Michael Dickson, Discourse on a New Method: Reinvigorating the Marriage of History and Philosophy of Science. Open Court.
  46.  87
    On history.Immanuel Kant - 1963 - Indianapolis,: Bobbs-Merrill. Edited by Lewis White Beck.
    What is enlightenment?--Idea for a universal history from a cosmopolitan point of view.--Reviews of Herder's Ideas for a philosophy of the history and mankind.--Conjectural beginning of human history.--The end of all things.--Perpetual peace.--An old question raised again: Is the human race constantly progressing?
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  47. Sustainable History: Restoring the Royal Exhibition Building Forecourt.Liz Suda - 2010 - Agora (History Teachers' Association of Victoria) 45 (1):55.
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  48.  23
    La filosofia della storia della filosofia. [REVIEW]A. F. M. - 1977 - Review of Metaphysics 30 (3):524-525.
    This collection contains such a wealth of topics that it deserves the attention of anyone seriously interested in what its title denotes, namely the philosophy of the history of philosophy. The content of the various essays, along with their translated titles, can be described as follows. "The New Aspects of the Philosophy of the History of Philosophy" claims to be, but is not, an introduction to the other essays; it abounds in obscurities and does not even make the (...)
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  49.  18
    History and Existence in Husserl's Manuscripts.Giovanni Piana - 1972 - Telos: Critical Theory of the Contemporary 1972 (13):86-124.
  50.  10
    Interpreting history and understanding civilizations.Johann P. Arnason - 2010 - In Hans Joas, The benefit of broad horizons: intellectual and institutional preconditions for a global social science: festschrift for Bjorn Wittrock on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Leiden [etc.]: Brill. pp. 24--167.
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