The Action Chrétienne en Orient was founded in 1922 in order to bring relief among displaced Christians, especially Armenians, in Syria. It also supported the displaced Protestant communities in their ecclesiastical, educational and medical work. In structure the ACO resembled other Protestant missionary societies, but it had some unique features such as its trans-European character. At the time of the decolonization, the work of the ACO changed as the local Protestant churches took charge and the ACO devolved its responsibilities. (...) In the postcolonial period the ACO gradually embraced a missiology that was focused on partnership. This led to the formation of the ACO Fellowship, a communion of churches and mission agencies. (shrink)

À Marseille, en 1943, des jeunes femmes catholiques, laïques, font le choix de vivre leur foi chrétienne en partageant les conditions de vie des ouvriers. Plutôt que d’intégrer une communauté religieuse, elles décident d’aller travailler en usine, dans l’industrie chimique ou alimentaire et deviennent souvent syndicalistes. Leur petite communauté, partie prenante du « front pionnier apostolique », fait le choix de la spiritualité ignacienne. En 1953, peu après l’interdiction des prêtres-ouvriers par Rome, elles quittent Marseille pour s’établir à Paris (...) et dix ans plus tard, elles envoient une équipe dans l’Algérie devenue indépendante. Volontairement autonomes par rapport à l’Église catholique, ces femmes construisent leur communauté à mi-chemin entre vie religieuse et vie laïque. Elles occupent un espace inédit qu’il convient de prendre en compte dans l’analyse de la place des femmes dans l’Église. (shrink)

Dans les �uvres de Justin Martyr, plusieurs énoncés similaires, et parfois complexes, se présentent comme un résumé de la vie du Christ tel qu�il peut apparaître dans le Symbole des Apôtres. Ils englobent non seulement les péripéties de la vie terrestre du Christ mais aussi la mission des Apôtres, la conversion des gentils, la deuxième parousie du Christ, le règne millénaire, etc. (cf. 1 Apo. 31,7). L�Apologiste attire ainsi l�attention de ses destinataires sur la Révélation accomplie, à la suite (...) des prophéties, par le Christ et en même temps définit l�identité du chrétien orthodoxe face au christianisme diversifié de son époque, vu comme un conglomérat de sectes. Il faut dès lors souligner la nature, le sens, l�efficacité et la spécificité de telles formules d�une part et d�autre part les occasions de leur profession. (shrink)

Despite growing internationalization, national ties have remained a structural aspect of missionary and humanitarian work. This was especially true of the Interwar period in the Middle East, where colonial powers, independent states and political ideologies competed. The beginnings of the Action Chrétienne en Orient bear witness to this: the ACO, specialized in assistance to Christian Anatolian refugees and missionary work towards Muslims, made strategic use of its national connections. It retained German and Protestant connections, while serving as a formally (...) French broker between refugees or Protestant missionary organizations and the French colonial authority. Yet as looming independence seemed to threaten the position of Christian refugees, the ACO gradually entered the ‘colonial quadrillage’ through which France exerted guidance over voluntary organizations. (shrink)

L'A. présente deux livres parus récemment : L'Eglise et les religions non chrétiennes au seuil du XXIe siècle d'Henry van Straelen et Teologia missionaria d'André Seumois . Ces deux livres traitent du rapport de l'Eglise catholique aux religions non chrétiennes via la missionologie. Le commentaire de l'A. sur ces livres vise à une présentation objective et neutre de leur contenu. Il montre aussi le travail qui reste à accomplir dans ce domaine.

L'article examine la tâche de la théologie comme partie du procédé de l'inculturation de la foi chrétienne dans les cultures non-occidentales, qui est un élément essentiel de la mission evangélisatrice de l'Eglise. Pour rendre la discussion concrète, l'article présente un exemple d'inculturation théologique réalisé par Alexandre de Rhodes, missionnaire jésuite du 17ème siècle au Vietnam. A partir de son exemple, l'article tire des leçons au sujet de la traduction de textes chrétiens dans les langues locales, au sujet du (...) dialogue avec les religions non-chrétiennes, et l'organisation des doctrines chrétiennes pour le développement d'une théologie locale. La dernière partie de l'article explore, en examinant l'oeuvre de Francis Clooney, la nature et les tâches d'une «théologie comparative», comme voie pour l'inculturation de la théologie chrétienne, en ce qui concerne la traduction des textes, la comparaison des doctrines dans leurs contextes socio-politiques, et l'organisation des doctrines. (shrink)

Introduction to collection of papers by group of scholars and ACO missionaries brought together to discuss the developments within the ACO over the past hundred years during a conference that was organised by Dr Wilbert van Saane of Haigazian University in January 2021. I will briefly summarise what strikes me as characteristic of the ACO on the basis of these articles, and conclude with a discussion of how this may contribute to further reflection in Mission Studies and World Christianity.

La plupart des définitions de la catéchèse concentrent l’essentiel sur la transmission d’un savoir et d’une expérience qui permettent à la personne de se construire une identité croyante au sein d’une communauté. Parallèlement, la réflexion catéchétique voit pourtant son questionnement s’élargir à d’autres dimensions jugées vitales : celle de l’ouverture, celle de la mission, celle de l’évangélisation, celle du dialogue. S’il y a bien des questions fondamentales aujourd’hui, ce sont celles qui examinent les liens entre une première annonce missionnaire (...) et une catéchèse d’initiation, entre la proposition de la foi et la rencontre tolérante avec les adeptes d’autres philosophies ou religions. L’article tente d’approfondir les enjeux et les conséquences pour la catéchèse contemporaine de ce double mandat, identitaire et dialogal. (shrink)

À partir du constat selon lequel la conversion est une pratique nouvelle dans les Églises issues de la tradition luthéro-reformée en contexte africain, nous nous interrogeons sur les leçons que les Églises et les théologiens d’Afrique peuvent tirer de ce changement. En effet, les Églises issues des missions chrétiennes occidentales ont traditionnellement renouvelé leurs effectifs par transmission intra-familiale. Or, des personnes accèdent désormais à ces Églises par choix personnel, comme c’est le cas dans d’autres types d’Églises avec la possibilité de (...) migration confessionnelle. Pour tirer les leçons de ce phénomène, nous analysons divers récits de conversion en contexte africain afin d’établir les modalités de la pratique de conversion d’une part, et d’autre part ses implications sur les pratiques pastorales de manière générale (homilétique, liturgie, missiologie, accompagnement pastoral, catéchèse, etc.). (shrink)

À la faveur d’une étude fondamentale sur la mission chrétienne, J. Moingt montre les déficiences des «théologies du pluralisme religieux» qui se sont développées depuis quelques décennies, et souligne que l’avenir du christianisme doit d’abord se jouer sur sa confrontation avec l’humanisme séculier; une coopération avec les religions n’en est pas moins légitime et souhaitable, mais à condition d’être seulement orientée vers la tâche de «l’humanisation» de l’homme et de la société. L’article rend compte de la thèse ainsi (...) soutenue par J. Moingt. Il montre la portée des critiques adressées aux théologies du pluralisme religieux, tout en apportant quelques compléments ou précisions. Il invite surtout à dépasser l’opposition entre l’horizon de l’altérité religieuse et celui de l’humanisme séculier, moyennant une réflexion sur «Évangile et cultures» dans le contexte de l’Asie comme dans celui de l’Europe. (shrink)

Recluses, ermites ou engagées dans le monde, les saintes travesties sont nombreuses jusqu’à la fin du Moyen Âge. Ayant valeur de transgression et/ou d’initiation, le travestissement permet à Thècle, Pélagie, Marguerite, Marine ou Eugénie de redéfinir non seulement la notion de virginité mais d’affirmer une sainteté au nom d’une intégrité qui dérange les catégories sexuées et renverse les notions de genre. D’autres, comme Galla, Paula ou Wilgeforte, délivrent de l’antagonisme des sexes. Et toutes, jusqu’à Jeanne d’Arc, bouleversent la destinée des (...) femmes en perturbant l’ordre temporel des hommes. Ainsi apparaît la conquête d’un nouveau corps à travers la mission chrétienne et l’expérience mystique, qui déjoue la nature de femme et les vertus masculines. (shrink)

L'article lit la pensée de Mausbach et Nell-Breuning de façon constructive de façon à explorer la base théologique d'une éthique sociale productive. La transcendance divine est continuellement engagée dans l'histoire des hommes; par ailleurs, le développement et l'engagement des hommes dans l'histoire glorifient Dieu. Le discernement des valeurs et la doctrine de la loi naturelle rendent possible l'oeuvre de la justice. Une perspective trinitaire sur le discernement favorise l'initiative, l'engagement dans le monde, et la découverte. Les réalisations du commonweal introduisent (...) la ressemblance divine dans la société. Au milieu des conflits, la volonté manifeste un engagement souple, dirigé eschatologiquement. L'amour spécifie la justice sociale et libère; il établit ainsi un cadre civique. La révérence vis-à-vis de l'altérité divine fonde la tolérance active qui est l'expression obligée de l'amour en vue de la collaboration qui est nécessaire aujourd'hui. Cette éthique sociale fondée sur des catégories théologiques contribue à la mission chrétienne dans des sociétés complexes et turbulentes. (shrink)

G. W. Leibniz has been praised as an exemplar of tolerance on both theological and political grounds. His irenic efforts within Christendom as well as his positive attitude towards pagans like the Chinese is well documented. He thought that “the great majority of mankind” were already “civilized”. This paper highlights Leibniz’s political treatment of the “uncivilized” peoples, whom he termed “barbarians” and “savages”. Given Leibniz’s worldly outlook and prodigious reading, including writings detailing the horrors inflicted on the natives of the (...) Americas, he blithely ignored a reality that was quite at odds with his own vision for such peoples. The dissonance between his ideas on how to treat “barbarian” peoples (whom he considered to be fully human and deserving of mutual respect) and his awareness of their actual treatment in many nascent European colonies is striking. The only conclusion that can be reached (though Leibniz never says so explicitly) is that their conversion to Christianity and the consequent enlightenment of their posterity trumped their present suffering. (shrink)

Frédéric Sanssens et Michel Weber, Philosopher, guérir et sanctifier. Dialogues sur la voie druidique, Louvain-la-Neuve, Éditions Chromatika, 2020. (ISBN 978-2-930517-66-7, pdf 978-2-930517-67-4, 134 pp., 17€) -/- S’il est impossible de nier la triple racine culturelle de l’Europe — romaine, grecque, et judéo-chrétienne —, on ne peut pour autant faire l’économie de son passé celtique et de la proximité que celui-ci atteste avec l’Inde. Philosopher, guérir et sanctifier sont les trois missions traditionnelles que les druides partagent avec les brahmanes ; (...) elles furent aussi celles des philosophes pré-socratiques. Nos Dialogues sur la voie druidique constituent, à la fois, une introduction généraliste pour le profane et un outil analytique pour l’initié. On y évoque tout particulièrement l’enracinement historique et symbolique du druidisme contemporain et la fonction sacerdotale du druide. -/- Frédéric Sanssens est théologien de formation et professeur de philosophie et de citoyenneté. Druide, il officie, entre autre, comme « formateur » des néophytes. Michel Weber est philosophe de formation, de profession, et d’inclination. Il pratique aussi la thérapie psychocorporelle ayurvédique. (shrink)

Paul Berron was a singular missionary, a missionary ‘in between’ cultures and nations. He lived and worked not only between his European roots and the field of mission he organised in Syria and Lebanon, but also between two European countries, France and Germany, then involved in a harsh conflict. His experience as an Alsatian and his Christian commitment enabled him to sympathise with the fate of the Armenian survivors of the genocide of 1915. He maintained close links with Christians (...) in the Netherlands, Switzerland, and other nations, involving them in the work of the emerging Action Chrétienne en Orient. To him, mission was not only a work in distant countries, but began at home, especially among newcomers to Europe. In his writings he reflected on nationalism, culture, providence and the church, developing a unique and early expression of ecumenical missiology. (shrink)

Suivant les tendances actuelles de l'exégèse, plus sensible qu'avant à la Wirkungsgeschichte des textes bibliques, l'article s'interroge sur ce que sont devenues la figure de Paul et son œuvre dès la fin du Ie siècle. Constatant que l'on parle peu de l'apôtre et de son oeuvre au IIe siècle, il en cherche les raisons, qui sont d'ailleurs multiples, et fournit au passage une description des communautés chrétiennes qui en souligne la diversité. Cette étude historique, sur la manière dont la chrétienté (...) du IIe siècle a reçu Paul et ses lettres, répond indirectement à une question relative à la répartition des champs missionnaires dans l'Église primitive. Il est en général admis que la mission aux circoncis se limita à la Palestine, et que Paul fut pratiquement le seul à sillonner l'oikoumenè d'alors. Il faut au contraire maintenir le pluralisme des mouvements missionnaires, car c'est seulement ainsi qu'on peut rendre compte des rapports entre les Églises fondées par des apôtres différents en plusieurs régions d'Asie Mineure au IIe siècle.Following the present tendancies of exegesis, and more sensitive than before to the Wirkungsgeschichte of biblical texts, this article asks what has become of the figure of Paul and his work starting at the end of the 1st Century. Pointing out that little was said of the apostle and his works in the 2nd century, the author looks for the reasons, which, in fact, are many, and furnishes in passing a description that underlines the diversity of Christian communities. This historical study, on the manner with which Christianity of the 2nd century received Paul and his letters, indirectly answers a question relative to the repartition of the missionary fields in the primitive church. It is generally admitted that the mission to the circumcised was limited to Palestine and that Paul was practically the only one to cultivate the oikoumenè at this time. On the contrary, one must maintain the pluralism of missionary movements because it is only thus that one can account for the relationships between the Churches founded by the different apostles in a number of regions of Asia Minor in the 2nd century. (shrink)

La philosophie medievale est en general mieux connue que ses auteurs. Ce livre s'interesse aux acteurs intellectuels auteurs des textes qui ont servi de materiaux a l'histoire de la philosophie medievale. Qui sont-ils? Dans quels lieux institutionnels et dans quelles conditions culturelles ont-ils travaille? Quelles conceptions se faisaient-ils de leur mission, de ses interets et de ses fins? Dementant un prejuge repandu, les scolastiques se revelent interesses a la politique culturelle; ils avaient une conscience aigue des enjeux epistemiques, ethiques (...) et sociaux de leurs pratiques professionnelles. Cette etude documente ces autorepresentations et les contraste au moyen d'un regard plus exterieur, qui decrit les pratiques savantes des auteurs scolastiques et reconstruit leurs differentes conceptions du savoir et de la societe chretienne. A l'etude des contextes intellectuels et sociaux, elle presente des mises en serie, de la division des sciences a la structuration du champ social en eveque, docteur, moine et laic. A la lecture de textes issus de divers milieux et temps, elle articule des distinctions, entre clerc et laic, eveque et docteur, arts liberaux et arts mecaniques, sedentaires et peregrins, adulte et enfant, homme et femme, centre et peripherie, chretien et non chretien, theologie et philosophie. Conditions culturelles du savoir et contenus doctrinaux sont approches par des methodes irreductiblement differentes, qui convergent cependant sur un meme objet, le texte qualifie de philosophique par son auteur ou par ses historiens. (shrink)

This article discusses how pre-Genocide foreign missionary activity prepared the way for relief and existential support during and after the Armenian Genocide of 1915–1921. Examples are drawn from American, British, and German Protestant missionary organisations, especially the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the Turkish Missions Aid Society or Bible Lands Missions Aid Society, and the Christlicher Hilfsbund im Orient. These agencies developed missionary and relief methods and transnational networks which were utilised by the Action Chrétienne en Orient (...) and other twentieth-century mission agencies in their work among Armenian communities. (shrink)

Les femmes, à l’époque moderne, admettent, en règle générale, la soumission requise par le clergé masculin. Mais il en est qui résistent. Ce sont des chrétiennes aux fortes personnalités – Thérèse d’Avila, au xvie siècle, ou Gabrielle Suchon, au xviie siècle – mais aussi des communautés religieuses féminines, comme celle de Port-Royal, au xviie siècle et d’autres, moins connues. Ces manifestations d’indépendance, plutôt que de rébellion ouverte, sont particulièrement visibles lorsque ces femmes se sentent investies d’une mission divine, c’est (...) le cas, par exemple, des mystiques. (shrink)

Volume 23, Issue 3-4, November - December 2024, Page 219-244.

Leadership and governance structures for any organisations involved in God’s mission need to come under review because of the growing influences of the inter-connected globalised world. As Christianity moved farther away from the Christendom model of centralised control to other models of leadership and governance, other paradigms have been proposed along the way. One is called polycentric leadership and governance and is based upon principles of polycentrism. Using a case study approach assists in giving contexts for assisting the understanding (...) of polycentrism in a world where Christian mission is adapting in a rapidly changing polycentric world. The case study explores leadership, governance and specific focus of one geographic region all within the context of the Wycliffe Global Alliance. (shrink)

A manned mission to Mars is faced with challenges and topics that may not be obvious but of great importance and challenging for such a mission. This is the first book that collects contributions from scholars in various fields, from astronomy and medicine, to theology and philosophy, addressing such topics. The discussion goes beyond medical and technological challenges of such a deep-space mission. The focus is on human nature, human emotions and biases in such a new environment. (...) The primary audience for this book are all researchers interested in the human factor in a space mission including philosophers, social scientists, astronomers, and others. This volume will also be of high interest for a much wider audience like the non-academic world, or for students. (shrink)

In a time of change for the church and its mission effort, important and useful questions are being asked about the cross-cultural mission movement. This article looks at challenges within and outside of the mission movement, and makes helpful critiques of the Christendom basis of Protestant mission. Areas where the movement could experience realignment are explored, such as globalisation, inter-cultural community, discipleship, and contextualisation. Cross-cultural mission is reaffirmed at the same time as difficult questions are (...) asked. (shrink)

The background of this study was to explore the Old Testament vision of shalom and determine how it was relevant to its holistic mission, Bible translation, transformational development and the world’s challenges and trends. The aim of this research was to create a framework to serve practitioners and theorists associated with the Bible translation movement and its intersection with transformational development. The setting for the study was the consideration of factors affecting Bible translation and transformational development in the context (...) of global challenges and trends. The methodology of the study included literature surveys integrated with analysis of data from global sources. Results from the study included an understanding of the relevance of shalom, and integration with holistic mission, including integral mission, and intersection with transformational development. Analysis of global challenges and trends was combined with an existing framework for transformational development that included Bible translation as a mission. The conclusion was that the church was called to be faithful stewards of knowledge and resources. This included an understanding of the relevance of the vision for shalom, integrated with holistic mission, transformational development and Bible translation that addressed in full or in part global challenges and trends that resulted in the framework produced by this study. (shrink)

Recent discussion about the future of mission has engaged with concepts such as missio Dei, polycentrism, Christendom and glocalisation. In order to provide a philosophical response to these and to introduce a new conversation partner, this article explores key ideas from the nomadic theory of Rosi Braidotti. Notions such as the embodied subject, the rhizome and various forms of becoming could be of benefit to the evolving multilogue about mission futures, and an initial attempt is made to show (...) their relevance to the task of reforming an approach to cross-cultural mission usually associated with Christendom and the power of the West. (shrink)

Entre 1150 et 1280, le monde latin herite de la totalite de l'oeuvre d'Aristote par la biais d'une vaste entreprise de traductions du grec et de l'arabe, accompagnee d'interpretations arabes et neoplatoniciennes, et se trouve ainsi confronte a de nouvelles theories face auxquelles il s'agit de mettre en place des strategies d'assimiltation. Par l'etude des textes, ce livre restaure le temoignage de ces entreprises relativement aux lectures arabes de la Metaphysique et a la notion de matiere. Ou l'on voit qu'a (...) Paris, des disputes se mettent en place pour debattre sur les notions d'etre et d'essence, de temporalite et d'historicite du monde, de possibilite des choses et du statut des relations. Sont egalement abordees les difficultes theoriques que rencontrent les lecteurs latins face aux textes aristoteliciens, de Thomas d'Aquin a Guillaume d'Ockham, pour en mettre les principes au service de leur cosmogonie et de leur anthropologie. (shrink)

La crise écologique fait sentir la nécessité d'élaborer une éthique de la nature. Elle provoque l'affrontement, en particulier en Allemagne, d'une tendance philosophique, qui fonde le devoir de l'homme envers la nature sur le propre bien de l'homme, et d'une tendance théologique, qui fonde ce devoir sur l'immanence de Dieu dans la nature. Il semble qu'on puisse trouver chez Simone Weil une autre voie, esthétique, qui éviterait les insuffisances ou les dangers de ces deux tendances: la perception de la beauté (...) du monde, appréhendée comme trace de la présence du Dieu absent. (shrink)

In this paper, we conduct a secondary analysis of The Institute of Educational Sciences’ (IES) 2011-2012 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) data, a self-reported, nationally representative database to examine: (a) the average caseload of students with disabilities and emergent bilingual learners within and across social studies content areas, as well how social studies teachers’ caseloads compare with other content area disciplines and (b) the extent and perceived utility of professional development opportunities social studies teachers receive to support both students with (...) disabilities and emergent bilingual learners. (shrink)

There is a long history, dating back to the 50s, which examines the manner in which team roles contribute to effective team performance. However, much of this work has been built on ad-hoc teams working together for short periods of time under conditions of minimal stress. Additionally, research has been conducted with little attention paid to the importance of temporal factors, despite repeated calls for the importance of considering time in team research (e.g., Mohammed, Hamilton, & Lim, 2009). To begin (...) to understand team roles and how temporal aspects may impact the types of team roles employed when teams are working in extreme mission critical environments, the current manuscript uses a data-driven, bottom-up approach. Specifically, we employ the use of retrospective historical data as our input and a historiometric approach (Simonton, 2003). Source documents consist primarily of autobiographies, memoires, biographies, and first-hand accounts of crew interaction during spaceflight. Critical incidents regarding team interaction were extracted from these source documents and independently coded for team roles by two trained raters. Results of the study speak to the importance of task and social roles within teams that are predominantly intact and operating in extreme environments where mistakes can be life threatening. Evidence for the following task (i.e., coordinator, boundary spanner, team leader, evaluator, critic, information provider, team player, and innovator) and social roles (i.e., team builder, nurturer, harmonizer, entertainer, jokester, and the negative roles of attention seeker and negativist) were found. While it is often task roles that receive the greatest attention, results point to the importance of not neglecting the socioemotional health of the team (and the corresponding roles). Results also indicated that while some roles were consistently enacted independent of temporal considerations (e.g., mission length), the degree to which others were enacted varied across missions of differing lengths. Additionally, based on the current sample we see the following trends: (1) increased enactment of the team builder role as mission duration increases, (2) prominence of the entertainer role, and (3) increased emphasis on the visionary/problem solver role on missions over two years. (shrink)

Wright maintains that tradition (including language) plays a fundamental role in the origins and shaping of the monastic world that made a unique Chan mind possible. Through a creative application of the Buddhist idea of dependent origination, Wright has broadened the hermeneutic concept of historicity in that it is more than a linear and causal relationship of contextuality (that is, the person is always a person-in-community, and the text is always a text-in-context). Instead, contextuality refers to a (w)holistic network of (...) associations and re-associations. The word tradition thus becomes an open tradition that is constantly shaped and reshaped, formed and transformed. The meaning of tradition as such is always a trace of that other which is forever absent. In this sense, Wright is quite Derridean. Like Derrida’s deconstruction, Wright’s interpretative endeavor, as part of the tradition of linguistic turn, seems to become separated from the real world of flux and takes on an independent status, that is, the realm of reading, explaining, and understanding (perhaps mis-understanding, sometimes). Wright’s project fits the need of those who have a passion for doing things with words, and those who prefer meditative reading to meditative practice (in a Buddhist sense). Though Wright keeps reminding us that the effort to play language in relation to Chan experience does not imply that Chan enlightenment/mind is in any sense reducible to language; it still remains a question whether his critical philosophical meditations are fully out of the spell of conceptuality of the hermeneutical circle. Wright might say that there is no need to be out of the circle, or there is no such circle in the first place. (shrink)

This article focusses on women and the organisational leadership structures of the Apostolic Faith Mission in Zimbabwe. The aim is to identify the roles, practices and contributions of women to the developmental agenda in the church. The AFM in Zimbabwe identifies leadership positions in their various assemblies as pastor, elder, deacon and lay worker. From these ranks, the provincial and national leadership is chosen. The access to and participation of women in these offices and leadership positions will be investigated (...) to ascertain their input to the development of the church and perception of women in the society. The article discusses the mechanisms for the election of leadership in the AFM in Zimbabwe. It analyses leadership succession and leadership roles within the AFM in Zimbabwe from the perspective of gender equity and the involvement of women in policy-making, decision-making and the management of the church. Four aspects of the Exploratory Descriptive Normative Action research model were utilised from a practical theology perspective. The article shows that women do not have access to top leadership positions in the AFM in Zimbabwe even though there are no explicit policies that regulate their exclusion. It highlights their contribution to the development of the church despite this exclusion and engages critically with the unspoken assumption that women are not fit to take up the presidium offices and develop the AFM. The article finds that unquestioned patriarchal discourse contributes to women’s invisibility, which results in their not being taken into consideration when choices are made to elect people for higher leadership positions in the church. (shrink)

The whole problem under our collective investigation, as I view it, is about understanding the human situation in terms of the impact of technology. The union of science and technology still resides within the limits of a “practical anthropocentrism” (Marsel G.), that is increasing satisfaction of human needs. An advancement in science and technology is accompanied by the desacralization of culture and the crisis of humanism. An awareness of the growing environmental, cultural, existential problems leads to the necessity to shift (...) the vectors of scientific inquiry and technological development. In this process, the role and mission of the humanities is an articulation and promotion of human perspectives of science and technological progress. The humanities’ mission consists in attracting attention of scientists and society to humanizing technology and its aiming not only towards the growth of power over nature, but also to the making of a new relationship to the humans, to solving global problems. (shrink)

Qui a écrit la première histoire du christianisme ? La recherche historienne moderne a rarement hésité à pointer le doigt vers Eusèbe de Césarée, ainsi que le rappellent dans ce dossier les contributions de M. Fédou et de M. Heinzelmann. Une telle reconnaissance devait amener une dégradation de la qualité historienne de l’œuvre lucanienne, évangile et Actes des Apôtres, reconnue jusqu’au XVIIIe siècle. Ainsi, jusque dans les années 60 du XXe siècle, la recherche sur cette œuvre devait être dominée par (...) cette tonalité lourde. Une révision de ces attitudes, dont certaines se sont manifestées dès le début de ce même siècle, s’est depuis engagée, grâce notamment à une meilleure connaissance et acceptation des caractéristiques de l’historiographie ancienne. C’est donc un véritable historien qui se révèle désormais dans l’œuvre lucanienne, légitimant du même coup le concept d’histoire théologique, et rendant à Luc sa place, la première, bien avant Eusèbe de Césarée.Who wrote the first history of Christianity? Modern historical research has rarely hesitated to designate Eusebius of Caesarea, as the contributions of M. Fédou and M. Heizelmann recall here. Such recognition led to downgrading the historical quality of Luke’s writings, the Gospel and Acts of the Apostles, which had been accepted until the 18th century. Thus, up until the 1960’s, research on these writings was dominated by this overriding approach. A revision of these attitudes, some of which arose in the early 20th century, has since emerged, especially due to a better understanding and acceptance of the characteristics of ancient historiography. Hence, Luke now appears as a true historian, thereby legitimizing the concept of theological history and once again acknowledging Luke’s place as the first historian of Christianity, well before Eusebius of Caesarea. (shrink)

The Luis Palau Mission to Auckland in 1987 attracted major criticism from four Anglican bishops. This centred on the question of the ability of a foreign evangelist to address the Gospel with prophetic relevance to the social situation in New Zealand. The actual response to the mission indicated that the problem of an America-oriented, male, foreign evangelist was not insuperable. The debate illustrated the age-old tension between the established Christianity of the system and the critique of the itinerant (...) evangelist. But the debate missed the important issues of the inclusion of Roman Catholic participation; the possibility of dissociating mass evangelism from North American evangelicalism; the Arminian insistence on human decision; how to preach an immanentist theology in an evangelistic style; the extent to which a guest evangelist can be a prophet in a host country; and the actual function of such crusades in encouraging the faithful rather than converting the unfaithful. (shrink)

Jesus was poor and he came to proclaim the gospel to the poor. Not just to the poor in spirit, who are aware of their need of God, but also to those who are poor in economic terms, who are poor by any standards 1975:96.