The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: External world:non-skeptical realism

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Science:scientific realism0.393
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
non-skeptical realism
84.5%(624/738)
9.4%(70/738)
not non-skeptical realism
43.6%(52/119)
46.2%(55/119)
Response pairs: 891   p-value: < 0.001
Truth:correspondence0.218
correspondence not correspondence
non-skeptical realism
59%(417/706)
35.4%(250/706)
not non-skeptical realism
35.7%(39/109)
59.6%(65/109)
Response pairs: 848   p-value: < 0.001
Meta-ethics:moral realism0.215
moral realism moral anti-realism
non-skeptical realism
63.5%(468/736)
28.8%(212/736)
not non-skeptical realism
39.3%(46/117)
53.8%(63/117)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: < 0.001
Mind:physicalism0.209
physicalism non-physicalism
non-skeptical realism
61.8%(463/748)
27.4%(205/748)
not non-skeptical realism
33.6%(40/119)
52.1%(62/119)
Response pairs: 902   p-value: < 0.001
Perceptual experience:representationalism0.196
representationalism not representationalism
non-skeptical realism
43.8%(261/595)
40%(238/595)
not non-skeptical realism
25.8%(24/93)
67.7%(63/93)
Response pairs: 709   p-value: < 0.001
Mental content:externalism0.172
externalism internalism
non-skeptical realism
63.1%(445/705)
23.6%(167/705)
not non-skeptical realism
41.4%(46/111)
41.4%(46/111)
Response pairs: 845   p-value: < 0.001
Free will:compatibilism0.168
compatibilism not compatibilism
non-skeptical realism
65.3%(479/733)
26.7%(196/733)
not non-skeptical realism
40.1%(47/117)
48.7%(57/117)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: < 0.001
Laws of nature:non-Humean0.163
non-Humean Humean
non-skeptical realism
64.8%(457/705)
26.2%(185/705)
not non-skeptical realism
52.6%(60/114)
38.5%(44/114)
Response pairs: 852   p-value: < 0.001
not Free will:no free will0.163
no free will free will
non-skeptical realism
10.9%(80/733)
81.1%(595/733)
not non-skeptical realism
23%(27/117)
65.8%(77/117)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: < 0.001
Epistemic justification:externalism0.161
externalism internalism
non-skeptical realism
53.8%(384/713)
28.6%(204/713)
not non-skeptical realism
31.5%(35/111)
50.4%(56/111)
Response pairs: 855   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:Platonism0.148
Platonism nominalism
non-skeptical realism
43.5%(318/731)
45.5%(333/731)
not non-skeptical realism
28.9%(33/114)
64.9%(74/114)
Response pairs: 880   p-value: < 0.001
God:atheism0.142
atheism theism
non-skeptical realism
77%(577/749)
15.8%(119/749)
not non-skeptical realism
59.3%(70/118)
28.8%(34/118)
Response pairs: 901   p-value: < 0.001
not Truth:epistemic0.141
epistemic not epistemic
non-skeptical realism
5.3%(38/706)
89%(629/706)
not non-skeptical realism
19.2%(21/109)
76.1%(83/109)
Response pairs: 848   p-value: < 0.001
Time:B-theory0.126
B-theory A-theory
non-skeptical realism
48.8%(238/487)
27.7%(135/487)
not non-skeptical realism
37.8%(25/66)
37.8%(25/66)
Response pairs: 577   p-value: 0.002
Proper names:Millian0.125
Millian Fregean
non-skeptical realism
43.2%(280/648)
39.6%(257/648)
not non-skeptical realism
38%(35/92)
51%(47/92)
Response pairs: 771   p-value: < 0.001
Trolley problem:switch0.119
switch don't switch
non-skeptical realism
75.8%(540/712)
10.6%(76/712)
not non-skeptical realism
62.7%(69/110)
18.1%(20/110)
Response pairs: 852   p-value: < 0.001
Logic:classical0.109
non-classical classical
non-skeptical realism
22.2%(148/666)
64.4%(429/666)
not non-skeptical realism
34%(34/100)
46%(46/100)
Response pairs: 794   p-value: 0.002
Knowledge claims:invariantism0.107
invariantism not invariantism
non-skeptical realism
38.5%(255/662)
50.9%(337/662)
not non-skeptical realism
27.8%(27/97)
59.7%(58/97)
Response pairs: 789   p-value: 0.002
Moral judgment:cognitivism0.101
cognitivism non-cognitivism
non-skeptical realism
73.6%(528/717)
19.2%(138/717)
not non-skeptical realism
62.6%(72/115)
25.2%(29/115)
Response pairs: 862   p-value: 0.002
Aesthetic value:objective0.098
objective subjective
non-skeptical realism
47%(346/735)
38%(280/735)
not non-skeptical realism
41.3%(48/116)
47.4%(55/116)
Response pairs: 884   p-value: 0.003
A priori knowledge:yes0.097
yes no
non-skeptical realism
73.6%(552/749)
18.5%(139/749)
not non-skeptical realism
68.3%(82/120)
24.1%(29/120)
Response pairs: 904   p-value: 0.003
Moral motivation:externalism0.097
externalism internalism
non-skeptical realism
40.6%(254/625)
43.6%(273/625)
not non-skeptical realism
27.1%(29/107)
51.4%(55/107)
Response pairs: 761   p-value: 0.007
Personal identity:biological view0.096
biological view not biological view
non-skeptical realism
20.4%(136/666)
59.3%(395/666)
not non-skeptical realism
14.8%(16/108)
70.3%(76/108)
Response pairs: 803   p-value: 0.006
Perceptual experience:disjunctivism0.089
disjunctivism not disjunctivism
non-skeptical realism
14.9%(89/595)
68.9%(410/595)
not non-skeptical realism
9.6%(9/93)
83.8%(78/93)
Response pairs: 709   p-value: 0.017
Normative ethics:consequentialism0.087
consequentialism not consequentialism
non-skeptical realism
28.4%(187/657)
58.1%(382/657)
not non-skeptical realism
21.1%(22/104)
63.4%(66/104)
Response pairs: 791   p-value: 0.014
Zombies:conceivable but not metaphysically possible0.087
conceivable but not metaphysically possible not conceivable but not metaphysically possible
non-skeptical realism
42.4%(288/678)
44.6%(303/678)
not non-skeptical realism
28.4%(31/109)
55.9%(61/109)
Response pairs: 812   p-value: 0.013
Newcomb's problem:two boxes0.084
two boxes one box
non-skeptical realism
46.8%(261/557)
31.9%(178/557)
not non-skeptical realism
34.2%(24/70)
31.4%(22/70)
Response pairs: 652   p-value: 0.031
not Knowledge claims:relativism0.082
relativism not relativism
non-skeptical realism
2.2%(15/662)
87.1%(577/662)
not non-skeptical realism
9.2%(9/97)
78.3%(76/97)
Response pairs: 789   p-value: 0.021
Analytic-synthetic distinction:yes0.077
yes no
non-skeptical realism
68%(511/751)
26.6%(200/751)
not non-skeptical realism
59.6%(71/119)
34.4%(41/119)
Response pairs: 905   p-value: 0.02
Politics:egalitarianism0.071
egalitarianism not egalitarianism
non-skeptical realism
45.5%(274/601)
37.6%(226/601)
not non-skeptical realism
35.8%(38/106)
46.2%(49/106)
Response pairs: 738   p-value: 0.053
Knowledge:empiricism0.057
empiricism rationalism
non-skeptical realism
43.3%(326/752)
33.2%(250/752)
not non-skeptical realism
33.3%(40/120)
42.5%(51/120)
Response pairs: 907   p-value: 0.086
not Normative ethics:deontology0.055
deontology not deontology
non-skeptical realism
29.5%(194/657)
57%(375/657)
not non-skeptical realism
37.5%(39/104)
47.1%(49/104)
Response pairs: 791   p-value: 0.122

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
tradition:analytic0.238
analytic continental
non-skeptical realism
91.4%(695/760)
2.1%(16/760)
not non-skeptical realism
71.6%(86/120)
11.6%(14/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Kant0.218
Kant not Kant
non-skeptical realism
9.2%(70/760)
90.7%(690/760)
not non-skeptical realism
28.3%(34/120)
71.6%(86/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:17th/18th Century Philosophy0.166
17th/18th Century Philosophy not 17th/18th Century Philosophy
non-skeptical realism
9.3%(71/760)
90.6%(689/760)
not non-skeptical realism
25%(30/120)
75%(90/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:19th Century Philosophy0.137
19th Century Philosophy not 19th Century Philosophy
non-skeptical realism
2.8%(22/760)
97.1%(738/760)
not non-skeptical realism
11.6%(14/120)
88.3%(106/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Spinoza0.119
Spinoza not Spinoza
non-skeptical realism
1.5%(12/760)
98.4%(748/760)
not non-skeptical realism
7.5%(9/120)
92.5%(111/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Lewis0.115
Lewis not Lewis
non-skeptical realism
8.4%(64/760)
91.5%(696/760)
not non-skeptical realism
~0.8%(~1/120)
~99.1%(~119/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Heidegger0.11
Heidegger not Heidegger
non-skeptical realism
0.6%(5/760)
99.3%(755/760)
not non-skeptical realism
5%(6/120)
95%(114/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Leibniz0.1
Leibniz not Leibniz
non-skeptical realism
1.3%(10/760)
98.6%(750/760)
not non-skeptical realism
5%(6/120)
95%(114/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.002
AOS:Metaphysics0.098
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
non-skeptical realism
26.3%(200/760)
73.6%(560/760)
not non-skeptical realism
18.3%(22/120)
81.6%(98/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.003
metasurvey:accuracy0.097
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
non-skeptical realism
51.1%(91/178)
48.8%(87/178)
not non-skeptical realism
50%(10/20)
50%(10/20)
Response pairs: 206   p-value: 0.165
not xian:Wittgenstein0.096
Wittgenstein not Wittgenstein
non-skeptical realism
6.4%(49/760)
93.5%(711/760)
not non-skeptical realism
12.5%(15/120)
87.5%(105/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.003
not xian:Rawls0.092
Rawls not Rawls
non-skeptical realism
3.8%(29/760)
96.1%(731/760)
not non-skeptical realism
8.3%(10/120)
91.6%(110/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.005
AOS:Meta-Ethics0.089
Meta-Ethics not Meta-Ethics
non-skeptical realism
12.5%(95/760)
87.5%(665/760)
not non-skeptical realism
4.1%(5/120)
95.8%(115/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.007
xian:Frege0.088
Frege not Frege
non-skeptical realism
8.4%(64/760)
91.5%(696/760)
not non-skeptical realism
3.3%(4/120)
96.6%(116/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.007
not AOS:Aesthetics0.087
Aesthetics not Aesthetics
non-skeptical realism
3.5%(27/760)
96.4%(733/760)
not non-skeptical realism
6.6%(8/120)
93.3%(112/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.008
AOS:Philosophy of Mind0.085
Philosophy of Mind not Philosophy of Mind
non-skeptical realism
21.9%(167/760)
78%(593/760)
not non-skeptical realism
14.1%(17/120)
85.8%(103/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.01
not AOS:Continental Philosophy0.083
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
non-skeptical realism
2.2%(17/760)
97.7%(743/760)
not non-skeptical realism
6.6%(8/120)
93.3%(112/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.012
not xian:Hegel0.082
Hegel not Hegel
non-skeptical realism
1.3%(10/760)
98.6%(750/760)
not non-skeptical realism
4.1%(5/120)
95.8%(115/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.013
not xian:Nietzsche0.079
Nietzsche not Nietzsche
non-skeptical realism
1.8%(14/760)
98.1%(746/760)
not non-skeptical realism
5%(6/120)
95%(114/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.016
not AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.073
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
non-skeptical realism
10%(76/760)
90%(684/760)
not non-skeptical realism
15.8%(19/120)
84.1%(101/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.027
AOS:Philosophy of Language0.071
Philosophy of Language not Philosophy of Language
non-skeptical realism
19.6%(149/760)
80.3%(611/760)
not non-skeptical realism
10%(12/120)
90%(108/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.031
xian:Moore0.059
Moore not Moore
non-skeptical realism
3.2%(25/760)
96.7%(735/760)
not non-skeptical realism
~0.8%(~1/120)
~99.1%(~119/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.074
xian:Locke0.052
Locke not Locke
non-skeptical realism
4%(31/760)
95.9%(729/760)
not non-skeptical realism
3.3%(4/120)
96.6%(116/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.115
AOS:Epistemology0.05
Epistemology not Epistemology
non-skeptical realism
17.7%(135/760)
82.2%(625/760)
not non-skeptical realism
17.5%(21/120)
82.5%(99/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.13
not xian:Quine0.05
Quine not Quine
non-skeptical realism
6.1%(47/760)
93.8%(713/760)
not non-skeptical realism
8.3%(10/120)
91.6%(110/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.13

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
phd_region:Australasia0.077
Australasia not Australasia
non-skeptical realism
3.6%(28/760)
96.3%(732/760)
not non-skeptical realism
~0.8%(~1/120)
~99.1%(~119/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.019
nationality_region:Australasia0.068
Australasia not Australasia
non-skeptical realism
6%(46/760)
93.9%(714/760)
not non-skeptical realism
2.5%(3/120)
97.5%(117/120)
Response pairs: 915   p-value: 0.039
response_time0.05
response_time ≥ median response_time < median
non-skeptical realism
50.6%(374/739)
49.3%(365/739)
not non-skeptical realism
47.4%(55/116)
52.5%(61/116)
Response pairs: 889   p-value: 0.136