The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: Science:scientific anti-realism

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
not External world:non-skeptical realism0.303
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
scientific anti-realism
54.7%(58/106)
38.6%(41/106)
scientific realism
88.4%(636/719)
9.1%(66/719)
Response pairs: 891   p-value: < 0.001
Laws of nature:Humean0.299
Humean non-Humean
scientific anti-realism
52.8%(55/104)
37.5%(39/104)
scientific realism
22.4%(153/683)
69.3%(474/683)
Response pairs: 848   p-value: < 0.001
External world:skepticism0.293
skepticism not skepticism
scientific anti-realism
12.2%(13/106)
81.1%(86/106)
scientific realism
3.3%(24/719)
94.2%(678/719)
Response pairs: 891   p-value: < 0.001
External world:idealism0.282
idealism not idealism
scientific anti-realism
17.9%(19/106)
75.4%(80/106)
scientific realism
2.5%(18/719)
95.1%(684/719)
Response pairs: 891   p-value: < 0.001
not Truth:correspondence0.278
correspondence not correspondence
scientific anti-realism
26.4%(27/102)
69.6%(71/102)
scientific realism
60.4%(415/687)
33.9%(233/687)
Response pairs: 847   p-value: < 0.001
Meta-ethics:moral anti-realism0.268
moral realism moral anti-realism
scientific anti-realism
33%(35/106)
62.2%(66/106)
scientific realism
64.6%(458/708)
27.9%(198/708)
Response pairs: 874   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:nominalism0.241
nominalism Platonism
scientific anti-realism
64.4%(69/107)
30.8%(33/107)
scientific realism
35.2%(249/707)
54.1%(383/707)
Response pairs: 877   p-value: < 0.001
Truth:epistemic0.227
epistemic not epistemic
scientific anti-realism
20.5%(21/102)
75.4%(77/102)
scientific realism
5.2%(36/687)
89%(612/687)
Response pairs: 847   p-value: < 0.001
Truth:deflationary0.202
deflationary not deflationary
scientific anti-realism
44.1%(45/102)
51.9%(53/102)
scientific realism
23.8%(164/687)
70.4%(484/687)
Response pairs: 847   p-value: < 0.001
Moral judgment:non-cognitivism0.195
non-cognitivism cognitivism
scientific anti-realism
37.1%(39/105)
55.2%(58/105)
scientific realism
16.9%(117/689)
76%(524/689)
Response pairs: 854   p-value: < 0.001
not Knowledge claims:invariantism0.184
invariantism not invariantism
scientific anti-realism
23.2%(23/99)
65.6%(65/99)
scientific realism
40.8%(258/631)
49.4%(312/631)
Response pairs: 784   p-value: < 0.001
Trolley problem:don't switch0.15
don't switch switch
scientific anti-realism
13.6%(13/95)
68.4%(65/95)
scientific realism
8%(55/682)
79.3%(541/682)
Response pairs: 841   p-value: < 0.001
Logic:non-classical0.147
non-classical classical
scientific anti-realism
34.6%(34/98)
46.9%(46/98)
scientific realism
21.7%(139/640)
64.8%(415/640)
Response pairs: 793   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge claims:contextualism0.139
contextualism not contextualism
scientific anti-realism
53.5%(53/99)
35.3%(35/99)
scientific realism
44.8%(283/631)
45.4%(287/631)
Response pairs: 784   p-value: < 0.001
Mental content:internalism0.131
internalism externalism
scientific anti-realism
37.2%(38/102)
48%(49/102)
scientific realism
25.5%(174/682)
61.5%(420/682)
Response pairs: 843   p-value: < 0.001
A priori knowledge:no0.13
yes no
scientific anti-realism
68.5%(74/108)
29.6%(32/108)
scientific realism
75.1%(543/723)
17.7%(128/723)
Response pairs: 896   p-value: < 0.001
Aesthetic value:subjective0.129
objective subjective
scientific anti-realism
33.6%(36/107)
54.2%(58/107)
scientific realism
48.2%(339/703)
37.4%(263/703)
Response pairs: 874   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge claims:relativism0.125
relativism not relativism
scientific anti-realism
10.1%(10/99)
78.7%(78/99)
scientific realism
2.3%(15/631)
87.9%(555/631)
Response pairs: 784   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge:empiricism0.125
empiricism rationalism
scientific anti-realism
54.6%(59/108)
26.8%(29/108)
scientific realism
40.3%(292/724)
37.2%(270/724)
Response pairs: 898   p-value: < 0.001
Mind:non-physicalism0.118
non-physicalism physicalism
scientific anti-realism
42.2%(46/109)
44.9%(49/109)
scientific realism
25.5%(185/723)
63.6%(460/723)
Response pairs: 897   p-value: < 0.001
God:theism0.116
theism atheism
scientific anti-realism
25.6%(28/109)
61.4%(67/109)
scientific realism
13.4%(97/720)
78.8%(568/720)
Response pairs: 893   p-value: < 0.001
Time:A-theory0.115
B-theory A-theory
scientific anti-realism
50.7%(32/63)
38%(24/63)
scientific realism
47.9%(229/478)
28.2%(135/478)
Response pairs: 575   p-value: 0.005
Proper names:Fregean0.107
Fregean Millian
scientific anti-realism
46.6%(42/90)
37.7%(34/90)
scientific realism
34.1%(215/629)
49.6%(312/629)
Response pairs: 771   p-value: 0.002
Perceptual experience:sense-datum theory0.104
sense-datum theory not sense-datum theory
scientific anti-realism
8.1%(7/86)
80.2%(69/86)
scientific realism
3.3%(19/571)
82.3%(470/571)
Response pairs: 705   p-value: 0.005
Moral motivation:internalism0.098
internalism externalism
scientific anti-realism
48.8%(43/88)
37.5%(33/88)
scientific realism
44.4%(271/610)
39.1%(239/610)
Response pairs: 753   p-value: 0.007
Epistemic justification:internalism0.097
internalism externalism
scientific anti-realism
42.7%(44/103)
44.6%(46/103)
scientific realism
31.3%(215/686)
51.7%(355/686)
Response pairs: 849   p-value: 0.004
Perceptual experience:qualia theory0.084
qualia theory not qualia theory
scientific anti-realism
19.7%(17/86)
68.6%(59/86)
scientific realism
15.9%(91/571)
69.7%(398/571)
Response pairs: 705   p-value: 0.025
Analytic-synthetic distinction:no0.083
no yes
scientific anti-realism
33.9%(37/109)
60.5%(66/109)
scientific realism
26.8%(195/725)
68.4%(496/725)
Response pairs: 897   p-value: 0.012
Normative ethics:virtue ethics0.073
virtue ethics not virtue ethics
scientific anti-realism
26%(26/100)
61%(61/100)
scientific realism
20.5%(129/627)
66.8%(419/627)
Response pairs: 782   p-value: 0.041
not Perceptual experience:representationalism0.073
representationalism not representationalism
scientific anti-realism
37.2%(32/86)
51.1%(44/86)
scientific realism
43%(246/571)
42.5%(243/571)
Response pairs: 705   p-value: 0.052
Normative ethics:deontology0.065
deontology not deontology
scientific anti-realism
35%(35/100)
52%(52/100)
scientific realism
29.9%(188/627)
57.4%(360/627)
Response pairs: 782   p-value: 0.069
Newcomb's problem:one box0.065
one box two boxes
scientific anti-realism
30.9%(22/71)
40.8%(29/71)
scientific realism
29.8%(162/542)
47.7%(259/542)
Response pairs: 651   p-value: 0.097
not Normative ethics:consequentialism0.063
consequentialism not consequentialism
scientific anti-realism
20%(20/100)
67%(67/100)
scientific realism
29.3%(184/627)
58%(364/627)
Response pairs: 782   p-value: 0.078
Perceptual experience:disjunctivism0.061
disjunctivism not disjunctivism
scientific anti-realism
15.1%(13/86)
73.2%(63/86)
scientific realism
14.3%(82/571)
71.2%(407/571)
Response pairs: 705   p-value: 0.105
Zombies:inconceivable0.053
inconceivable not inconceivable
scientific anti-realism
21.8%(21/96)
62.5%(60/96)
scientific realism
17.8%(117/657)
69.8%(459/657)
Response pairs: 809   p-value: 0.132

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
xian:Kant0.17
Kant not Kant
scientific anti-realism
26.3%(29/110)
73.6%(81/110)
scientific realism
9.6%(70/729)
90.3%(659/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
tradition:continental0.166
continental analytic
scientific anti-realism
10%(11/110)
76.3%(84/110)
scientific realism
2.6%(19/729)
90.8%(662/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Nietzsche0.141
Nietzsche not Nietzsche
scientific anti-realism
8.1%(9/110)
91.8%(101/110)
scientific realism
1.3%(10/729)
98.6%(719/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Metaphysics0.124
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
scientific anti-realism
17.2%(19/110)
82.7%(91/110)
scientific realism
28.5%(208/729)
71.4%(521/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:19th Century Philosophy0.12
19th Century Philosophy not 19th Century Philosophy
scientific anti-realism
11.8%(13/110)
88.1%(97/110)
scientific realism
3%(22/729)
96.9%(707/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:17th/18th Century Philosophy0.112
17th/18th Century Philosophy not 17th/18th Century Philosophy
scientific anti-realism
22.7%(25/110)
77.2%(85/110)
scientific realism
9.8%(72/729)
90.1%(657/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Asian Philosophy0.109
Asian Philosophy not Asian Philosophy
scientific anti-realism
3.6%(4/110)
96.3%(106/110)
scientific realism
0.5%(4/729)
99.4%(725/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.001
AOS:Continental Philosophy0.103
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
scientific anti-realism
7.2%(8/110)
92.7%(102/110)
scientific realism
1.9%(14/729)
98%(715/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.001
not AOS:Philosophy of Mind0.096
Philosophy of Mind not Philosophy of Mind
scientific anti-realism
10.9%(12/110)
89%(98/110)
scientific realism
22.6%(165/729)
77.3%(564/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.003
xian:Hume0.095
Hume not Hume
scientific anti-realism
21.8%(24/110)
78.1%(86/110)
scientific realism
13.9%(102/729)
86%(627/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.004
not AOS:Philosophy of Language0.09
Philosophy of Language not Philosophy of Language
scientific anti-realism
11.8%(13/110)
88.1%(97/110)
scientific realism
20%(146/729)
79.9%(583/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.006
not xian:Moore0.084
Moore not Moore
scientific anti-realism
~0.9%(~1/110)
~99%(~109/110)
scientific realism
3.4%(25/729)
96.5%(704/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.011
xian:Heidegger0.077
Heidegger not Heidegger
scientific anti-realism
3.6%(4/110)
96.3%(106/110)
scientific realism
0.9%(7/729)
99%(722/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.02
not xian:Russell0.075
Russell not Russell
scientific anti-realism
4.5%(5/110)
95.4%(105/110)
scientific realism
7.4%(54/729)
92.5%(675/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.023
AOS:Philosophy of Biology0.07
Philosophy of Biology not Philosophy of Biology
scientific anti-realism
7.2%(8/110)
92.7%(102/110)
scientific realism
3.4%(25/729)
96.5%(704/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.035
AOS:General Philosophy of Science0.069
General Philosophy of Science not General Philosophy of Science
scientific anti-realism
13.6%(15/110)
86.3%(95/110)
scientific realism
8.2%(60/729)
91.7%(669/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.037
not xian:Lewis0.066
Lewis not Lewis
scientific anti-realism
4.5%(5/110)
95.4%(105/110)
scientific realism
8.2%(60/729)
91.7%(669/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.047
AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.063
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
scientific anti-realism
14.5%(16/110)
85.4%(94/110)
scientific realism
10.1%(74/729)
89.8%(655/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.058
not AOS:Epistemology0.063
Epistemology not Epistemology
scientific anti-realism
10.9%(12/110)
89%(98/110)
scientific realism
18.7%(137/729)
81.2%(592/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.058
not AOS:Meta-Ethics0.059
Meta-Ethics not Meta-Ethics
scientific anti-realism
6.3%(7/110)
93.6%(103/110)
scientific realism
11.7%(86/729)
88.2%(643/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.075
not AOS:Philosophy of Cognitive Science0.05
Philosophy of Cognitive Science not Philosophy of Cognitive Science
scientific anti-realism
2.7%(3/110)
97.2%(107/110)
scientific realism
6.8%(50/729)
93.1%(679/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.132

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
gender:female0.116
female male
scientific anti-realism
21.1%(22/104)
78.8%(82/104)
scientific realism
15.5%(108/694)
84.4%(586/694)
Response pairs: 858   p-value: < 0.001
not nationality_region:Australasia0.087
Australasia not Australasia
scientific anti-realism
2.7%(3/110)
97.2%(107/110)
scientific realism
6.3%(46/729)
93.6%(683/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.008
affil:region:Europe0.071
Europe not Europe
scientific anti-realism
10%(11/110)
90%(99/110)
scientific realism
6%(44/729)
93.9%(685/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.032
year_of_phd0.07
year_of_phd ≥ median year_of_phd < median
scientific anti-realism
49.3%(41/83)
50.6%(42/83)
scientific realism
49.4%(283/572)
50.5%(289/572)
Response pairs: 699   p-value: 0.064
nationality_region:Europe0.068
Europe not Europe
scientific anti-realism
20%(22/110)
80%(88/110)
scientific realism
11.9%(87/729)
88%(642/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.04
not affil:region:Australasia0.06
Australasia not Australasia
scientific anti-realism
2.7%(3/110)
97.2%(107/110)
scientific realism
6.3%(46/729)
93.6%(683/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.071
not phd_region:United States0.052
United States not United States
scientific anti-realism
47.2%(52/110)
52.7%(58/110)
scientific realism
54.4%(397/729)
45.5%(332/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.117
not phd_region:Australasia0.05
Australasia not Australasia
scientific anti-realism
~0.9%(~1/110)
~99%(~109/110)
scientific realism
3.5%(26/729)
96.4%(703/729)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.132