En este artículo se parte del reconocimiento de la crisis del actual modelo de desarrollo y del paradigma cartesiano, que han promovido la conciencia entrampada del “guerrero”. Desde la incorporación del pensamiento complejo a través de ejercicios reflexivos, es posible difundir una mirada transdisciplinar que permita enfrentar los problemas de una “sociedad de riesgo”, incentivando la conformación dialógica de un “mundo de la vida saludable”. La difusión de este nuevo humanismo depende de la efectividad de la Reforma Educativa que aún (...) está pendiente. Para ello, se requiere educar sujetos reflexivos, que asuman la propia multidimensionalidad, dispuestos a incorporar los nuevos aprendizajes que ofrece la sociedad globalizada. (shrink)

Dans cet article, nous proposons une analyse critique du nouveau consensus monétaire (NMC) d’un point de vue méthodologique, afin d’évaluer sa pertinence. Bien que les mantras du consensus ne soient pas contestables en tant que tels, nous soutenons l’idée que les fondements méthodologiques du NMC expliquent son échec paradigmatique à prévoir la crise financière de 2008, et à constituer une source d’inspiration fiable pour les politiques post-crise 2008. Nous mettons particulièrement l’accent sur la nature problématique des modèles (...) pré-crise 2008. Nous concluons que le nouveau consensus monétaire a cessé d’être pertinent plus de dix ans après le début de la crise mondiale. (shrink)

Le point de départ de l’article est offert par une reprise du point de vue de l’esthétique du célèbre essai de Hilary Putnam, Fait/Valeur : la fin d’un dogme. La première étape consiste dans une analyse des propriétés esthétiques et des jugements connexes avec elles comme un cas paradigmatique du dépassement de la vieille dichotomie. La thèse ici défendue est que les jugements esthétiques sont cognitifs d’une manière non conceptuelle, et normatifs sans présupposer des normes définies. En unissant dans (...) un seul terme des niveaux de descriptivité négative avec des niveaux d’évaluation (positive), les jugements esthétiques mettent irréversiblement en crise la solidarité de physicalisme et d’émotivisme. Par conséquent, l’article poursuit l’objectif d’une déduction au sens kantien des jugements esthétiques, en unifiant, au moins du point de vue méthodologique, les deux niveaux de l’enquête que Kant maintient stratégiquement distincts, à savoir le plan d’une exposition empirique (physiologique) des jugements esthétiques et celui d’une exposition transcendantale. Le noyau théorique de la déduction est l’idée d’un « mécanisme esthétique » sous-jacent comme la base naturelle pour l’épigenèse de l’esthétique. (shrink)

Dans Franceschi (2002), j'ai présenté une théorie basée sur les matrices de concepts qui se propose de constituer une alternative à la classification proposée par Greimas, dans le domaine de l'analyse paradigmatique. Je m'attache ici à appliquer les matrices de concepts à l'analyse d'un corpus constitué de proverbes corses. Je rappelle tout d'abord brièvement le modèle des matrices de concepts. Je décris également la structure des thèses proverbiales, avant de présenter les résultats de l'analyse correspondante.

This paper analyses the main perceptions of capitalism and crises from a mainstream and heterodox perspective. Broadly defined within the neoclassical structure, the mainstream approaches support the idea of long-term stability of capitalism and describe crises as exogenous events. The heterodox perceptions, on the contrary, perceive crises as an internal feature of capitalism and propose to reframe the global economy within the limits of the socio-environmental systems. Despite the historical recurrence of crises, the neoclassic capitalist framework and the related mainstream (...) perceptions are still dominating the international economic debate. Most of the crises have then been addressed with reforms oriented to adjust some elements of the system without changing the overall economic structure. On the contrary, limited numbers of initiatives have been implemented to reorganise the economy according to the heterodox perspectives. Within this context, further analysis would be needed to investigate the feasibility of the proposed heterodox solutions. By discussing the main perceptions of capitalism and crises and by considering the ethical implications of the mainstream and the heterodox approaches, the present paper contributes to the existing debate around stability of capitalism and provides a starting point for analysis oriented to investigate the feasibility of alternative economic structures. (shrink)

Este artigo discute o esvaziamento da experiência sensorial como uma das características da Modernidade Líquida, conceito criado pelo Sociólogo polonês Zygmunt Bauman. A crise dos sentidos ocorre pelo “silêncio olfativo”, pela hipertrofia da visão, também pelo atrofiamento da sensibilidade tátil. Somente uma reflexão sobre o embotamento da nossa experiência sensorial pode nos fazer compreender o tempo presente.

Das Crises às possibilidades da Educação Superior no Brasil: uma leitura a partir de Hannah Arendt Resumo: O texto procura entender os pressupostos da educação superior no Brasil e faz considerações sobre seus limites e potencialidades à luz de Hannah Arendt. Segundo Hannah Arendt, a crise da educação remete-se a uma crise de estabilidade de todas as instituições políticas e sociais. E para o enfrentamento dessa crise, Hannah Arendt sugere reconsiderar a crise da modernidade para se (...) repensar criticamente o papel da educação no mundo contemporâneo. De fato, sua reflexão assevera que a educação está entre as atividades mais elementares e necessárias da sociedade humana, e, por isso, tem de ser continuamente repensada em função das transformações do mundo no qual nascem novos seres humanos. Hannah Arendt, questiona e faz pensar como que a crise da e na educação impede todo desenvolvimento de tarefas e dinâmicas que ajudem, especialmente aos estudantes (em qualquer área de conhecimento) a possuírem e produzirem um conhecimento que leve a um enfrentamento de situações críticas do quotidiano. Palavras-Chave: Hannah Arendt; Educação Superior; Crise na Educação; Cidadania; Direito Educacional. From Crises to Possibilities of Higher Education in Brazil: a Reading Based on Hannah Arendt Abstract: The text aims to understand assumptions of higher education in Brazil and makes considerations about limits and potentialities concerning those assumptions in the light of Hannah Arendt. According to Hannah Arendt, the crisis in education refers to a crisis of stability of all political and social institutions. And to envisage this crisis, Hannah Arendt suggests reconsidering the crisis of modernity to critically rethink the role of education in the contemporary world. In fact, her reflection asserts that education is among the most fundamental and necessary activities of human society, and, therefore, it must be continually rethought considering transformations in the world in which new human beings are born. Hannah Arendt, questions and makes us think about how the crisis of and in education prevents any development of tasks and dynamics that help, especially for students (in any area of knowledge) to possess and produce knowledge that leads to facing critical situations in the everyday. Keywords: Hannah Arendt; Higher Education; Crisis on Education; Citizenship; Educational Law. Des crises aux possibilités d e l’enseignement supérieur au Brésil : une lecture chez Hannah Arendt Résumé: Le texte a le but de comprendre les présupposés de l'enseignement supérieur au Brésil et fait des considérations sur ses limites et ses potentialités à la lumière d'Hannah Arendt. Selon Hannah Arendt, la crise de l'éducation renvoie à une crise de stabilité de toutes les institutions politiques et sociales. Et pour faire face à cette crise, Hannah Arendt propose de reconsidérer la crise de la modernité afin de repenser de manière critique le rôle de l'éducation dans le monde contemporain. En effet, sa réflexion affirme que l'éducation fait partie des activités les plus élémentaires et les plus nécessaires de la société humaine et qu'elle doit, donc, être continuellement repensée à la lumière des transformations du monde dans lesquelles de nouveaux êtres humains voient le jour. Hannah Arendt, interroge et fait réfléchir sur la façon dont la crise de et dans l'éducation empêche tout développement de tâches et de dynamiques qui aident, en particulier pour les étudiants (dans n'importe quel domaine de la connaissance) à posséder et produire des connaissances qui conduisent à faire face à des situations critiques dans le quotidien. Mots-Clés : Hannah Arendt; Enseignement supérieur; crise de l'éducation; citoyenneté; droit éducatif. Data de registro: 23/12/2021 Data de aceite: 15/03/2022. (shrink)

Studies of religion have changed rapidly since the late 1990s. From a sociohistorical perspective of institutional change analysis, this article summaries the situation in three sections : firstly, the withdrawal of theology in homogeneous initiatory institutions ; the expansion of scientific interest in the religious ; the transition from pastoral to spiritual. Four other sections analyze the changes that the Faculty of Theology of the Université de Montréal has been going through since the 1960s. These changes constitute the barometer of (...) three major interrelated phenomena : the profound transformation of cultures in relation to religion, the clericalization of Catholic theology, and a shaking up of great classical university models. A new paradigm of critical theology in public universities is proposed here. (shrink)

This groundbreaking collection on global leadership features innovative and critical perspectives by scholars from international relations, political economy, medicine, law and philosophy, from North and South. The book's novel theorization of global leadership is situated historically within the classics of modern political theory and sociology, relating it to the crisis of global capitalism today. Contributors reflect on the multiple political, economic, social, ecological and ethical crises that constitute our current global predicament. The book suggests that there is an overarching condition (...) of global organic crisis, which shapes the political and organizational responses of the dominant global leadership and of various subaltern forces. Contributors argue that to meaningfully address the challenges of the global crisis will require far more effective, inclusive and legitimate forms of global leadership and global governance than have characterized the neoliberal era. (shrink)

C’est une évidence : on ne parle plus aujourd’hui d’une crise succédant à d’autres crises – et préludant à d’autres encore –, mais de « la crise », qui plus est d’une crise globale qui touche aussi bien la finance que l’éducation, la culture, le couple ou l’environnement. Ce constat témoigne d’une véritable mutation : si à l’origine le concept de krisis désignait le moment décisif dans l’évolution d’un processus incertain permettant d’énoncer le diagnostic (et donc la (...) sortie de crise), nous vivons actuellement précisément l’inverse – le moment où surgissent les incertitudes quant aux causes, aux effets, à la possibilité même d’une issue. Afin d’éclairer ce renversement, Myriam Revault d’Allonnes se penche sur le mouvement d’arrachement au passé et à la tradition qui caractérise la modernité, et qui dissout d’un même élan les anciens repères de la certitude qui balisaient la compréhension du monde. Privé de toute forme de transcendance, l’homme moderne se trouve face à un monde redoutablement ambigu et auto-référentiel, qui a vu s’évanouir tour à tour l’idée de temps nouveaux, la croyance au progrès et l’esprit de conquête, modifiant profondément le rapport de l’homme à son vécu et à ses attentes. C’est à partir de cette expérience du temps d’un nouveau genre, à la fois coupée de ses référents passés et dépourvue de lendemains qui chantent, que cet essai stimulant nous invite à reconsidérer de façon inédite la « crise » dans laquelle nous sommes plongés et à y puiser de quoi aller de l’avant. (shrink)

How has the international community responded to humanitarian crises after the end of the Cold War? While optimistic ideational perspectives on global governance stress the importance of humanitarian norms and argue that humanitarian crises have been increasingly addressed, more skeptical realist accounts point to material interests and maintain that these responses have remained highly selective. In empirical terms, however, we know very little about the actual extent of selectivity since, so far, the international community’s reaction to humanitarian crises has not (...) been systematically examined. This article addresses this gap by empirically examining the extent and the nature of the selectivity of humanitarian crises. To do so, the most severe humanitarian crises in the post-Cold War era are identified and examined for whether and how the international community responded. This study considers different modes of crisis response (ranging from inaction to military intervention) and different actors (including states, international institutions, and nonstate actors), yielding a more precise picture of the alleged “selectivity gap” and a number of theoretical implications for contemporary global security governance. (shrink)

What is an epistemological crisis? Consider, first, the situation of ordinary agents who are thrown into such crises. Someone who has believed that he was highly valued by his employers and colleagues is suddenly fired; someone proposed for membership of a club whose members were all, so he believed, close friends is blackballed. Or someone falls in love and needs to know what the loved one really feels; someone falls out of love and needs to know how he or she (...) can possibly have been so mistaken in the other. For all such persons the relationship of seems to is becomes crucial. It is in such situations that ordinary agents who have never learned anything about academic philosophy are apt to rediscover for themselves versions of the other-minds problem and the problem of the justification of induction. They discover, that is, that there is a problem about the rational justification of inferences from premises about the behaviour of other people to conclusions about their thoughts, feelings, and attitudes and of inferences from premises about how individuals have acted in the past to conclusions expressed as generalizations about their behaviour - generalizations which would enable us to make reasonably reliable predications about their future behaviour. What they took to be evidence pointing unambiguously in some one direction now turns out to have been equally susceptible of rival interpretations. Such a discovery is often paralysing, and were we all of us all of the time to have to reckon with the multiplicity of possible interpretations open to us, social life as we know it could scarcely continue. For social life is sustained by the assumption that we are, by and large, able to construe each other's behaviour - that error, deception, self-deception, irony and ambiguity, although omnipresent in social life, are not so pervasive as to render reliable reasoning and reasonable action impossible. But can this assumption in any way be vindicated? (shrink)

O presente trabalho analisa a crise da legalidade sobre os aspectos da falência da legitimidade do Estado e da crise do Estado de Direito. Os poderes estabelecidos carecem de representatividade junto à população, que não credita mais à lei um meio de expressão da justiça. A hipótese averiguada demonstra que os pressupostos e técnicas da Legística possuem meios para o restabelecimento da credibilidade da lei no processo legislativo. Utilizou-se o método jurídico-dedutivo na pesquisa bibliográfica, com marco teórico na (...) teoria do Estado de Direito, de Jacques Chevallier e na Legística, que visa impulsionar a produção eficiente e eficaz da norma jurídica. (shrink)

The Crises of the Economy-World and the Overcoming of Capitalism : From the 1970s to the New Century. The current crisis of neoliberalism can only be understood if we resituate it within the context of the historical dynamic of the capitalist mode of production. The precedent most often cited is that of the 1929 crash. There is however another comparison which is equally apposite, the comparison with the structural crisis of the 1970s. How are we to compare the economic factors (...) which are involved here, the conditions which led to the crisis and their political consequences ? Can we argue that the current crisis is ushering in a new phase of capitalism, or that it is opening up a number of alternative paths ? These are some of the crucial issues addressed here by Gérard Duménil in the questions put to Immanuel Wallerstein. (shrink)

Discusses Heidegger, Foucault, Derrida, Habermas, and recent feminist theory. Sees the crises as without cure or end. Paper edition (unseen), $17.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Economic Crises, Environmental Crises: Moving Beyond Capitalism.

On examine dans cette étude les effets des flux sensoriels et informationnels continus et accélérés sur la conscience, sur les capacités de penser et de réfléchir. Ces flux conduisent – au-delà de l’inachèvement intrinsèque à toute science dont parlait Weber – à des formes instables, changeantes et illimitées, perçues comme telles par le sujet, et tendant dès lors à provoquer un état de crise de la conscience, d’insécurité psychique profonde dans la fluidité contemporaine.We deal here with the effects caused (...) by continuous, accelerated sensory and information flows on consciousness, on thinking. Quite beyond Weber’s conclusion on the intrinsically boundless character of science, those flows lead to unstable, changing and unlimited forms of knowledge, perceived as such by the individual, and tend from now on to induce a permanent state of crisis in consciousness, a strong psychological insecurity in contemporary fluidity. (shrink)

Social systems are always exposed to critical processes in which their organization, or part of it, is questioned by the society that demands solutions through different critical saliences. The traditional approach to such social crises has mainly focused on their anticipation and management, implying that the focus is on trying to deal with crises once they occur, rather than delving in their essential characteristics that seemingly depend on the adaptive nature of the system and the increase in its internal complexity. (...) To address this issue, we propose a dual approach that utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to delve into the relationship between the complexity of the social system, its adaptation, and critical episodes. Our analysis shows how an explosive economic growth affects a social system, increasing its complexity. This complexity produces different demands from the system itself. These demands manifest signatures of complexity such as a heterogeneous and rich social structure, which emerges during moments when the society acts strongly. (shrink)

Crises and social revolts in the historiography of contemporary France Refusing to apprehend the category as a simple empirical fact, the article examine the notion of crisis against the perspective offered by the series of French Revolutions : . This enables the authors to question these « moments of crisis » in relation to the historiographical contribution of successive generations of historians. In opposition to a liberal vision where social revolts are devoid of any political project, such an approach on (...) the part of the historian places the focus on a people, a proletariat, a group which, above all, reveals itself to be a political subject. To be effective, and to avoid stifling the comprehension of a revolutionary phenomenon, the concept of conjunctural crisis is thus combined with the invocation of a longer temporality and with a comprehension of the organic movements of society. The focus placed on the moment of crisis enables the authors to propose a different way of apprehending revolution, to grasp its rootedness in time that is both profound and immediate, organic and circumstantial. (shrink)

Les crises que nous vivons - écologique et climatique, économique et financière, sociale et culturelle, également ecclésiale et théologique - sont une seule et même crise: elle est d’ordre épistémologique, a par conséquent trait aux fondements porteurs de la modernité qui arrive dans cette crise à facettes multiples à sa fin. La modernité est marquée par un dualisme fondamental et, partant, par les unilatéralismes qui en résultent: l’anthropocentrisme d’un côté, le matérialisme irrespectueux de bien des manières de la (...) matière de l’autre côté. L’issue de la crise qui s’esquisse dans cette dernière elle-même dès lors que les causes en apparaissent, tient dans une approche du réel qui se fait non plus de manière méthodologiquement a-thée, mais de manière méthodologiquement théonome; par là seul le dualisme est dépassé. L’issue, c’est de considérer le réel dans ses parties et dans son tout, donc tout à la fois par la science et par la pensée; celle-ci est la reprise réflexive et critique de la science, à l’aune de tout le réel. Qu’est-ce que cela signifie-t-il, et quel défi cela représente-t-il pour la théologie, et particulièrement pour la théologie chrétienne? C’est cette question qui sera posée, c’est elle qui demande à être éclairée. (shrink)

Nous allons revenir en détail sur certaines des « mesures de sauvetage » déjà mises en œuvre et faire un tour d’horizon des déboires de ce monde de crise 2.0, dans lequel gouvernements, ménages et acteurs de la finance s’efforcent tous de réduire leur niveau d’endettement. Les résultats de cette situation sont sans appel : stagnation, chômage, démantèlement de l’État-providence et arrivée de coalitions de technocrates sans mandat électoral. Des stratégies de résistance doivent être mises en œuvre pour traiter (...) efficacement les causes sous-jacentes de la crise. Nous appelons de nos vœux une expansion de la demande globale rendue possible par la hausse des rémunérations dans les pays à bas salaires, des annulations de dettes dans les pays pauvres comme dans les plus riches, de nouveaux mécanismes de protection sociale et des structures financières mises au service de l’intérêt public. (shrink)

Dans sa Philosophie de la nouvelle musique, Theodor W. Adorno constatait déjà que la musique "en un mouvement critique, a dissous l'idée d'oeuvre achevée et rompu avec le public". Et il ajoutait : "ni la crise sociale, ni celle de la culture - et dans le concept de crise on implique déjà la reconstruction administrante - aucune de ces crises n'a pu paralyser la vie musicale officielle". L'idée que la musique dite "contemporaine" se vive sous la forme d'une (...) crise, et que cette crise implique toutes les parties prenantes de l'acte esthétique, du compositeur au public, semble donc être installée depuis longtemps dans la pensée musicale. Plus qu'un travail historiographique, il s'agissait de mettre en évidence la nature de cette crise à travers un ensemble d'études et d'analyses impliquant des acteurs majeurs de la musique de création du vingtième siècle. En réunissant ici une série d'articles écrits depuis bientôt trente ans, l'auteur nous convie à une réflexion personnelle et sans compromis sur le bouleversement du rapport esthétique qui a traversé le champ musical et sur la manière dont il affecte notre faculté d'écouter."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to provide a discussion of scholarly ‘crisis of modernity’ discourses that have developed in the field of social philosophy. Re-visiting past and present discourses can be illuminating in at least three ways: it can reveal the broader picture of the present financialized and technologized world and the rise of financial technologies; it can provide scholars with new vocabularies, concepts, and metaphors to comprehend present-day phenomena and developments; and it can reveal the variety of commitments (...) that are possible, today, too. This article starts with a discussion of the original ‘crisis of modernity’ discourses, in which the clashing arguments of Comte and Tocqueville are featured, and a discussion of a second ‘crisis of modernity’ that developed in the context of the ‘Great Depression.’ A third ‘crisis of modernity’ discourse emerged in the wake of the financial crises of the 1970s. Such crises are still ongoing and discussed within the boundaries of the third ‘crisis of modernity’ discourse. How financial technologies do and do not fit within this third discourse is discussed in the remainder of this article. (shrink)

When we speak of a crisis in some domain, we usually think of an unfathomable situation which can only be resolved by a general upheaval. We can, however, assign another, more etymological meaning to the word: that of a critical evaluation. While admitting that the crises in contemporary physics have a good deal to do with the first meaning, I believe that their essential impact, on culture and human thought in general, issues from the second interpretation which allows us to (...) envision these crises as a growing consciousness in physics of the range of its domain and the scope of its methods. These crises greatly contributed, on the one hand, to giving physics a new dimension in its field of action, and, on the other hand, they were brought about by a certain number of ideas which belonged to the general cultural heritage at the time they occured. From this point of view we may conceive of these crises as a cause, and conversely as an effect, of the penetration by wider intellectual horizons of an original structure which was somewhat artificially limited, by the selection of its constituent elements, to representing a sort of mental abstraction, justifiable in terms of the successes it achieved, but hardly representative of its human dimension as a whole. (shrink)

This paper presents an attempt to describe parents’ activities, in which context it is puzzling that – on the basis of a negative assessment of the current reality (current crises, including the privatization of what is public) – parents seem to be searching intensively for new solutions that would make better not only the school but also the world it is a part of. Their focus, in this, is on the local dimension of activities that refer to sustainability and emphasize (...) place. In this approach, place is a field of confrontation and constant becoming. Parental activities in one sustainable community school in Chicago is the point of departure to introduce a pedagogy of the vital place that pays specific attention to how the heritage of these places makes them (partially) resistant to capitalist capture, and somewhat ready to take on the challenges of the crisis in which we live on the planet today. The reflection presented in this article is guided by the assumption that, in these times, when the survival of humankind is at stake, we desperately need a more-than-human format of world. (shrink)

Les liens intimes ont été soumis, particulièrement en France et au Québec, à de profondes transformations depuis l’entrée en scène de la modernité. Pour certains commentateurs, ces modifications témoignent d’une crise de la société, voire d’un effritement du lien social, qui aurait maintenant atteint ces lieux, jadis garants de la solidarité et de la morale. Pour ces mêmes observateurs, la sortie de crise se lit également dans l’urgence d’une reconstruction normative et transcendante de la société. Les auteurs désirent (...) offrir ici une lecture alternative à ces approches qui leur apparaissent décrire la société moderne dans les termes de la tradition. Ils proposent d’analyser les transformations des liens intimes à l’aune du passage de la société traditionnelle à la société moderne, c’est-à-dire du changement dans le processus de différenciation de la société. Les auteurs font l’hypothèse que la description des liens intimes en termes de crise est la conséquence d’une société moderne différenciée fonctionnellement, autrement dit une société sans centre, polycontextuelle et complexe. Dans ce contexte, les individus se voient dégagés des traditions qui les confinaient à des rôles fixes, de sorte qu’émergent une diversification et une individualisation des trajectoires de vie intime. (shrink)

Combining techniques of the first author and Shelah with ideas of Magidor, we show how to get a model in which, for fixed but arbitrary finite n, the first n strongly compact cardinals κ 1 ,..., κ n are so that κ i for i = 1,..., n is both the i th measurable cardinal and κ + i supercompact. This generalizes an unpublished theorem of Magidor and answers a question of Apter and Shelah.

Between 1919 and 1981, Belgium was confronted with a number of profound societal crises : one world war, two af termaths of world wars, severe economie crises, a new politica! orientation, and serious internal political conflicts. This article examines the reaction of the elite to these crises, and operationalizes this reaction by the circulationof the elite.The non-political elite remained strikingly stable in spite of the multiplicity and intensity of the crises. The political elite, in this period, circulated much more rapidly. (...) Still, this was primarily in function of governmental instability. Crises shrink the room for maneuver of politicians, but crises are clearly not the only, and even not the most important factors contributing to governmental instability. The changes were, moreover, compensated for to a considerable degree by returns to former positions. Thus, there was a lot of rotation rather than circulation, especially among the top-level politicians. (shrink)

Since the declaration of financial crisis in 2008, and the imposition of austerity measures in 2011, Greece has become an epicentre—or a “laboratory”—of multiple, successively declared crises, including the humanitarian crisis induced by the devastating effects of neoliberal structural adjustment policies. In this paper, I approach the explosion of crisis discourse as a medium for ideological negotiations of nation-state borders in relation to a continental project of securitisation. I suggest that ‘crisis’ functions as a lexicon through which sovereignty can be (...) reasserted in relation to supranational institutional interference in ostensibly democratic governance. Specifically, I examine how the refugee crisis and the debt crisis converge in nationalised space in Greece; that is, how in state discourse, ‘crises’ serve as a conduit through which the borders of an embattled nation are redrawn and hardened against threats from a political space conceptualised as ‘outside’ the nation. My point of entry is the declaration of the Greek government by the end of the summer of 2015, that it was “experiencing a crisis within a crisis,” dually victimised by migration ‘flows’ and failed European solidarity in a context of ongoing austerity measures required by its institutional lenders. The figure of ‘a crisis within a crisis’ functioned to delineate the boundaries of national space and time and to distinguish the normative victims of what are seen as distinct, if overlapping political phenomena (debt and migration), from those who parasitically share in, or indeed by their very illicit presence cause or contribute to the suffering of the national subject. If the global economic crisis had already been made ‘ours’ by being constructed as a problem inherent in the national economy, the global war on migration became reinvented as 'Europe’s crisis,’ and then ‘Greece’s.’ The nationalisation of ‘crisis’ then, has a triple function: first, to conceal the systemic and structural underpinnings of violent processes of dispossession and displacement; second, to authorise the imposition of regimes of management and securitisation; and third, to reify borders that simultaneously fortify the agencies of state sovereignties while containing those of embodied human beings. The figure of ‘nesting crises’—‘a crisis within a crisis’—emerges through gestures of ownership or territorialisation of crisis: that is, in the conditions under which, affectively and politically a ‘crisis’ becomes ‘ours’ rather than ‘theirs’ and, indeed, constitutes the ‘we’ and the ‘they.’ ‘Nesting crises’ discourse can be read as a vocabulary through which national sovereignty is reasserted and national unity reconstituted. (shrink)

L'idée centrale est simple : l'éducation est la voie incontournable pour réaliser le type d'homme équilibré qu'une société se donne comme idéal. Ce fil directeur que Iba fall tient fermement tout au long de ce plaidoyer pour un monde davantage ancré dans les valeurs humanistes, explore différents aspects d'une crise à la fois d'identité et de civilisation. Il y a crise, selon le jeune professeur de philosophie, parce qu'il y a rencontre, choc et parfois contradiction entre deux modèles (...) d'éducation. Celui qui est porté par la mondialisation a des tendances dissolvantes pour celui engendré jadis par l'éducation traditionnelle africaine. D'où le sens du titre : " Crise de la socialisation au Sénégal ". S'agit-il d'un procès de la mondialisation? En un certain sens, oui cela en est un. Toutefois l'argumentaire donne à voir une lecture moins négative de ce changement d'échelle qui tend à affecter toute chose. Ce dont il est question, c'est la mise à l'épreuve des valeurs traditionnelles de l'éducation dans le contexte d'une mondialisation en cours. Très exactement, ce qui est en cause, c'est la volonté d'exportation ou de transfert des tendances chosifiantes de la globalisation économique et matérielle dans un domaine dont le propre est d'être immatériel et de se nourrir de valeurs qui se donnent l'homme comme fin et non comme moyen. Abdoulaye Elimane Kane. (shrink)

This book approaches the question of the relation between financial crises and earnings management from two philosophical perspectives: positivism and critical realism. The results obtained using the positivist approach indicate that financial crises tend to have no consistent effect on earnings quality since managers’ earnings behavior does not differ from the pre-crisis to the crisis period. The author accordingly argues against the existence of a causal law based on a constant conjunction model and concludes that financial crises cannot be seen (...) as the cause of earnings management. The critical realism perspective, on the other hand, casts light on managers’ reasons for acting like an earnings manager; in conjunction with the more traditional positivist approach, it assists in refuting the idea of financial crises as a generative mechanism for earnings management. The author concludes by exploring other structures at work that might be responsible for earnings management. This book will be of interest to both academics and a wide range of professionals. (shrink)

The crises of neo-liberalism, modalities of revolt and adaptability The aim of the article is to locate the current crisis within the history of neo-liberalism with its successive crises. The authors point to the fact that the crisis is the latest in a series of financial and economic crises, to which must be added energy and food crises. The article analyses the social effects of neo-liberalism by way of its return to a logic focused on the production of absolute surplus-value, (...) following the revolt of the financial bourgeoisie against the social State. It concludes with an examination of the effects of the various forms of resistance to neo-liberalism upon the modes of legitimation that are in operation. Focusing in particular on the situation in France, the article argues that the reactions to the crisis, between revolt and resignation, are to be explained by way of the structural effects of neo-liberalism and in terms of the crisis of legitimation now affecting it. (shrink)

Sometimes, we see crises coming. Sometimes, we can muster the resources we need to respond effectively. Sometimes, we can acquire the information we need to respond effectively.

Gianfrancesco Guarnieri estreou no teatro brasileiro em 1958 com a peça Eles não usem black-tie. Assim como já ocorrera com a obra de dramaturgos europeus mais de meio século antes, nesta peça mais uma vez encena-se a crise formal do drama, na medida em que a forma se desencontra do conteúdo. Não sendo indiferentes estes pontos de vista, observam-se no próprio texto os embates entre forma dramática e conteúdo épico, ora prevalecendo uma, ora outra.

Peut-être l’un des mots les plus forts pour résumer les politiques mises en place pour combattre la crise du subprime aura-t-il été celui prêté à l’ancien dirigeant Mikhaël Gorbatchev. Analysant en 2008 cette profusion d’interventions publiques pour sauver des grandes banques en faillite, tandis qu’on laissait les surendettés se faire expulser..

La crise est un moment singulier de l’existence des hommes et du monde où l’ordre habituel des choses se met à vaciller et menace même de retourner au chaos. On la redoute donc le plus souvent, en essayant de l’éviter. Mais plutôt que d’en craindre le pire, ne peut-on en espérer le meilleur : dans sa violence même, la crise ne fait-elle pas apparaître de nouvelles possibilités d’être? Ne faut-il pas alors tâcher de s’en saisir comme l’occasion d’une (...) renaissance, aussi bien dans l’existence personnelle des individus que dans la vie collective des peuples? (shrink)

Complex crises like the coronavirus pandemic are showing us that modern societies are becoming increasingly unable to live in equilibrium with nature. These crises are the result of multiple causes, which interact at different scales and across different domains. Therefore, investigating their proximate causes is not enough to fully understand them. It is also crucial to take into account the structural factors involved. As concerns the global pandemic, I suggest four levels of analysis: (i) the surface or “proximate” level of (...) the crisis; (ii) the human–environment–animal interface, as pointed out by the One Health approach; (iii) the broader socioeconomic context; and (iv) the deeper or worldview level. Furthermore, I argue that there is the need for a mindset shift if we want to properly trace causality. Much more attention must be given to the study of multilevel connecting patterns and nonlinear mechanisms as the producers of emergent global effects. (shrink)

Este trabalho busca refletir sobre os efeitos materiais do acontecimento e da biopolítica, ou seja, buscamos entrar na ordem do acontecimento e da biolítica pela via da arqueogenealogia de Foucault. Para isso, vamos retomar a questão “como pode um acontecimento ser escrito?”, lançada por Barthes no mesmo ano em que ocorreu o acontecimento do Maio de 1968, para refletir sobre outro acontecimento: o Outubro de 2005, também ocorrido na França, quando vamos demonstrar que os filmes de horror também podem fazer (...) parte da escritura do acontecimento e enunciar discursos da biopolítica, como nós demonstraremos na análise de "Frontières" e "À l’interieur". (shrink)

O texto expressa uma investigação filosófica sobre a pandemia provocada pelo coronavírus. Primeiramente, realizamos a caracterização e a contextualização da crise tecnocientífica. Em seguida, verificamos que muitos dos problemas teóricos problemas enfrentados pelos pesquisadores que lidam com questões associadas à pandemia já foram identificados e abordados por diferentes filósofos da ciência, demonstrando que a filosofia também pode ajudar na compreensão adequada da pandemia. Depois disso, o texto apresenta uma reflexão sobre a pandemia a partir da filosofia da tecnologia, demonstrando (...) as valiosas contribuições que essa área pode oferecer para a resolução dos problemas complexos das mais variadas naturezas. Em síntese, trata-se de um ensaio filosófico em defesa da ciência e da tecnologia. (shrink)

Food Problems and Economic Problems in America, Africa, the Middle East and Asia : Struggles and Resignation What are the various dynamics of crisis, revolt, and resignation currently operating on the American and African continents, in the Middle East and in Asia. What effects do they have on the policies adopted to “get out of the crisis”? These are the issues which Greg Albo, Kako Nubukpo, Rhina Roux, Marie Noëlle Abiyaghi and Son Youg Woo address in this article. They examine (...) the consequences of neo-liberal capitalism and the succession of crises in food, oil, finance, and in the economy, before going on to explain how they emerge in their regional contexts where they take on their specific guises. (shrink)

La crise contemporaine des valeurs crée un vide éthique dans un contexte-mêlé, dénué des valeurs et repères transcendants. Notre ouvrage est une réflexion sur la fondation d'une nouvelle humanité dans ce contexte de mise en demeure. L'humanisme valadiérien atteste que le modelage de la physionomie de nos sociétés modernes et l'avènement d'un monde plus humain se feront par un humanisme nouveau. Cet humanisme se définit par le respect de la personne humaine et de ses droits, l'amour du prochain, la (...) conscience, l'égalité et la prise en compte de la vulnérabilité de l'altérité. Toutefois, l'humanisme valadiérien présente des déficits qui font penser à l'humanisme universaliste progressiste qui cadre avec notre contexte sociétal actuel en affirmant l'égalité de tous les êtres humains au-delà des cultures et des aires géographiques. L'humanisme universaliste progressiste est un héritage du père latino-américain Marsilo Ficino, une grande figure de la Renaissance italienne. L'humanisme universaliste décentre l'homme du cosmos en le plaçant au début et à la fin de toutes les entreprises humaines. Il s'emploie à créer une communauté de destin de l'humanité : cadre pratique des valeurs référentielles, de dialogue interculturel et de solidarité transmondiale. Son intégration holistique dans la mondialisation néo-libérale garantira la valorisation de l'humain universel et la reliance homme/nature. Pour son effectivité, il a recours à la pensée élargie, aux hommes de pensée de tous bords et aux médias. (shrink)

Dans une société comme la nôtre, ébranlée par de multiples crises, et dans un monde en voie de globalisation générale, il semble manifeste, aux yeux de certains philosophes, sociologues ou théologiens, que nous assistons à une crise de la conscience collective. Or il ne fait aucun doute que les crises, de quelque ordre qu'elles soient, nous appellent à des remises en question et à des transformations, parfois radicales. Dans ce livre-entretien à trois voix, chaque interlocuteur partage ses interprétations "positives" (...) de nos crises actuelles : le théologien par rapport à la déchristianisation apparente et ses effets en termes de spiritualité, le sociologue par rapport aux nouveaux enjeux de société devant la globalisation galopante du monde et l'écrivain-thérapeute par rapport à l'individu en quête d'intériorisation et de recherche du sens de notre destinée. Que chacun et chacune puisse y trouver des pistes de réflexion dans sa quête de sens et des motifs d'espérance devant ces crises, vraisemblablement annonciatrices d'une future renaissance. Que chacun d'entre nous se persuade qu'il est toujours temps de quitter le monde des apparences pour atteindre la dimension profonde de l'humanité. Il est temps d'Être et non plus seulement de faire, de savoir et de connaître. (shrink)

O presente artigo vem refletir sobre a crise do sacramento da penitência. Nesse contexto, apresenta-a como originária no relativismo e na distorção da noção de pecado presentes na sociedade atual. Por fim, apresenta os desafios atuais provenientes dessa reflexão, abrindo possibilidades para futuras reflexões e maior aprofundamento sobre o tema.

The ongoing series of global financial crises offers some important philosophical lessons and insights for educators. The epistemological lesson is stark: we should beware of certainty and all claims to it. Were the disposition of generic skepticism in place at all levels of schooling, then the intellectual rigidity that has characterized economics as a “discipline” would be balanced by demands to consider possible alternatives. The ethical lessons to be learned include ensuring that ethics, as a form of rigorous but openended (...) inquiry into key questions about the kind of world in which we want to live, be included in every classroom and curriculum. At the center of this inquiry are relationships, most notably those between and among individual persons, on the one hand, and those between persons and the groups to which they belong and on which they are often said to depend, on the other. Such relationships also have an aesthetic dimension, in terms of their place in building, not just an ethically better world, but a more wholesome, integrated and harmonious world. (shrink)