Results for ' irreversibility'

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  1. A report of the ad hoc committee of the Harvard medical school to examine the definition of brain death.Irreversible Coma - 1978 - In John Edward Thomas (ed.), Matters of life and death: crises in bio-medical ethics. Toronto: S. Stevens. pp. 67.
     
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  2.  70
    The irreversibility effect and agency conflicts.Clemens Löffler, Thomas Pfeiffer & Georg Schneider - 2013 - Theory and Decision 74 (2):219-239.
    This paper studies the influence of agency conflicts on the irreversibility effect. Using a dynamic variant of the static Baron and Myerson :911–930, 1982) adverse selection model, we characterize under which circumstances the irreversibility effect arises in the presence and absence of an agency conflict. In particular, we find that in the presence of an agency conflict the irreversibility effect arises in more circumstances than in the standard first-best analysis that abstracts from agency problems.
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  3. Thermodynamic Irreversibility: Does the Big Bang Explain What It Purports to Explain.Daniel Parker - 2005 - Philosophy of Science 72 (5):751-763.
    In this paper I examine Albert’s (2000) claim that the low entropy state of the early universe is sufficient to explain irreversible thermodynamic phenomena. In particular, I argue that conditionalising on the initial state of the universe does not have the explanatory power it is presumed to have. I present several arguments to the effect that Albert’s ‘past hypothesis’ alone cannot justify the belief in past non-equilibrium conditions or ground the veracity of records of the past.
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  4. The Irreversibility of Death: Reply to Cole.Tom Tomlinson - 1993 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 3 (2):157-165.
    Professor Cole is correct in his conclusion that the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) protocol does not violate requirements of "irreversibility" in criteria of death, but wrong about the reasons. "Irreversible" in this context is best understood not as an ontological or epistemic term, but as an ethical one. Understood that way, the patient declared dead under the protocol is "irreversibly" so, even though resuscitation by medical means is still possible. Nonetheless, the protocol revives difficult questions about our (...)
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  5.  66
    Irreversible (One-hit) and Reversible (Sustaining) Causation.Lauren N. Ross & James F. Woodward - 2022 - Philosophy of Science 89 (5):889-898.
    This paper explores a distinction among causal relationships that has yet to receive attention in the philosophical literature, namely, whether causal relationships are reversible or irreversible. We provide an analysis of this distinction and show how it has important implications for causal inference and modeling. This work also clarifies how various familiar puzzles involving preemption and over-determination play out differently depending on whether the causation involved is reversible.
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  6. Potentiality, irreversibility, and death.John P. Lizza - 2005 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 30 (1):45 – 64.
    There has been growing concern about whether individuals who satisfy neurological criteria for death or who become non-heart-beating organ donors are really dead. This concern has focused on the issue of the potential for recovery that these individuals may still have and whether their conditions are irreversible. In this article I examine the concepts of potentiality and irreversibility that have been invoked in the discussions of the definition of death and non-heart-beating organ donation. I initially focus on the recent (...)
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  7.  48
    The Problem of Irreversibility.John Earman - 1986 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1986:226 - 233.
    After reviewing recent literature from physics and philosophy, it is concluded that we are still far from having a satisfying explanation of the nature and origins of irreversibility. It is proposed that the most fruitful approach to this problem is to concentrate on conditions needed for a rigorous derivation of the Boltzmann equation.
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  8.  19
    The irreversibly comatose: Respect for the subhuman in human life.Holmes Rolston - 1982 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 7 (4):337-354.
    In the case of the irreversibly comatose patient, though no personal consciousness remains, some moral duty is owed the remaining biological life. Such an ending to human life, if pathetic, is also both intelligible and meaningful in a biological and evolutionary perspective. By distinguishing between the human subjective life and the spontaneous objective life, we can recognize a naturalistic principle in medical ethics, contrary to a current tendency to defend purely humanistic norms. This principle has applications in clinical care in (...)
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  9.  33
    On irreversibility as a prerequisite for brain death determination.James L. Bernat - 2004 - In C. Machado & D. E. Shewmon (eds.), Brain Death and Disorders of Consciousness. Plenum. pp. 161--167.
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  10. Irreversibility and ontological pluralism.Martín Labarca & Olimpia Lombardi - 2007 - Scientiae Studia 5 (2):139-167.
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  11.  25
    Irreversible bodily interventions in children.S. Holm - 2004 - Journal of Medical Ethics 30 (3):237-237.
    Is the opposition to circumcision partly driven by cultural prejudices?In this issue of the Journal of Medical Ethics you can read a minisymposium on circumcision, mainly dealing with the circumcision of male children at an age where they cannot consent, but also touching upon issues of female genital mutilation.When reading the papers I found it strange, but of course not really surprising given its symbolic importance, that we are so worried about interventions on the male penis. Why are we not (...)
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  12.  41
    Decision, irreversibility and flexibility: The irreversibility effect re-examined.Shyama V. Ramani & Alban Richard - 1993 - Theory and Decision 35 (3):259-276.
  13.  72
    Irreversible generalism: A reply to Dickie.Oliver Conolly & Bashshar Haydar - 2005 - British Journal of Aesthetics 45 (3):289-295.
    Irreversible generalism, the view that reasons given for the evaluation of art are general and do not admit of exceptions, is defended from the criticisms levelled against it by George Dickie in ‘Reading Sibley’. The authors' view that Frank Sibley adhered to a form of reversible generalism, the view that reasons given for the evaluation of art are general but can sometimes become reasons to disvalue artworks, according to which there a criterion for distinguishing valenced from neutral aesthetic properties, is (...)
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  14. Irreversibility and temporal asymmetry.John Earman - 1967 - Journal of Philosophy 64 (18):543-549.
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  15.  10
    Irreversible time physics.Igorʹ Nikolaevich Taganov - 2013 - Saint Petersburg: [Publisher Not Identified].
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  16. Irreversibility and statistical mechanics: A new approach?Robert W. Batterman - 1990 - Philosophy of Science 57 (3):395-419.
    I discuss a broad critique of the classical approach to the foundations of statistical mechanics (SM) offered by N. S. Krylov. He claims that the classical approach is in principle incapable of providing the foundations for interpreting the "laws" of statistical physics. Most intriguing are his arguments against adopting a de facto attitude towards the problem of irreversibility. I argue that the best way to understand his critique is as setting the stage for a positive theory which treats SM (...)
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  17. Typicality, Irreversibility and the Status of Macroscopic Laws.Dustin Lazarovici & Paula Reichert - 2015 - Erkenntnis 80 (4):689-716.
    We discuss Boltzmann’s probabilistic explanation of the second law of thermodynamics providing a comprehensive presentation of what is called today the typicality account. Countering its misconception as an alternative explanation, we examine the relation between Boltzmann’s H-theorem and the general typicality argument demonstrating the conceptual continuity between the two. We then discuss the philosophical dimensions of the concept of typicality and its relevance for scientific reasoning in general, in particular for understanding the reduction of macroscopic laws to microscopic laws. Finally, (...)
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  18.  95
    "The Irreversible Disabling of a Child: The" Ashley Treatment".Gerald D. Coleman - 2007 - The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 7 (4):711-728.
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  19. The irreversibility of time, entropy, and stability.F. Marsik - 1984 - Filosoficky Casopis 32 (6):892-900.
  20.  2
    Irreversibility of Transformative Experience as a Criterion for Exceptionalism.Sergei Shevchenko & Sofya Lavrentyeva - 2025 - American Journal of Bioethics 25 (1):103-104.
    In their target article, Cohen and Marks (2025) argue that recognizing something as exceptional is a contextual matter. The authors consider the question of whether psychedelics are exceptional by...
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  21. The many faces of irreversibility.K. G. Denbigh - 1989 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 40 (4):501-518.
    Irreversibility, it is claimed, is a much broader concept than is entropy increase, as is shown by the occurrence of certain processes which are irreversible without seeming to involve any intrinsic entropy change. These processes include the spreading outwards into space of particles, or of radiation, and they also include certain biological and mental phenomena. For instance, the irreversible and treelike branching which is characteristic of natural evolution is not entropic when it is considered in itself—i.e. in abstraction from (...)
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  22.  56
    Positive killing and the irreversibly unconscious patient.Carson Strong - 1981 - Bioethics Quarterly 3 (3-4):190-205.
    Various arguments have been given against positive euthanasia, but little attention has been given to the question of whether these arguments are uniformly effective in all contexts. There appears to be a range of cases, involving non-voluntary killing of irreversibly unconscious patients, in which these arguments do not succeed. Various reasons have been given in support of positive killing in such cases. It can be argued that there is a range of cases for which a policy of allowing positive killing (...)
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  23. Irreversibility, Statistical Mechanics and the Nature of Physical States.Robert W. Batterman - 1987 - Dissertation, University of Michigan
    I. Prigogine has proposed, and the writings of N. S. Krylov to some extent suggest, a novel and unorthodox solution to foundational problems in statistical mechanics. In particular, the view claims to offer new insight into two interconnected problems: understanding the role of probability in physics, and that of reconciling the irreversibility of physical processes with the temporal symmetry of dynamical theories. The approach in question advocates a conception of the state of a system which incorporates features of the (...)
     
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  24.  8
    Irreversible thermodynamic basis of phase field models.Robert F. Sekerka - 2011 - Philosophical Magazine 91 (1):3-23.
  25.  73
    The implications of irreversibility in emergency response decisions.Noël Pauwels, Bartel van De Walle, Frank Hardeman & Karel Soudan - 2000 - Theory and Decision 49 (1):25-51.
    The irreversibility effect implies that a decision maker who neglects the prospect of receiving more complete information at later stages of a sequential decision problem will in certain cases too easily take an irreversible decision, as he ignores the existence of a positive option value in favour of reversible decisions. This option value represents the decision maker's flexibility to adapt subsequent decisions to the obtained information. In this paper we show that the economic models dealing with irreversibility as (...)
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  26. Extrinsic and intrinsic irreversibility in probabilistic dynamical laws.Harald Atmanspacher - manuscript
    Two distinct conceptions for the relation between reversible, time-reversal invariant laws of nature and the irreversible behavior of physical systems are outlined. The standard, extrinsic concept of irreversibility is based on the notion of an open system interacting with its environment. An alternative, intrinsic concept of irreversibility does not explicitly refer to any environment at all. Basic aspects of the two concepts are presented and compared with each other. The significance of the terms extrinsic and intrinsic is discussed.
     
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  27. Is Death Irreversible?Nada Gligorov - 2023 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 48 (5):492-503.
    There are currently two legally established criteria for death: the irreversible cessation of circulation and respiration and the irreversible cessation of neurologic function. Recently, there have been technological developments that could undermine the irreversibility requirement. In this paper, I focus both on whether death should be identified as an irreversible state and on the proper scope of irreversibility in the biological definition of death. In this paper, I tackle the distinction between the commonsense definition of death and the (...)
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  28.  99
    Potentiality, Possibility, and the Irreversibility of Death.Jason T. Eberl - 2008 - Review of Metaphysics 62 (1):61-77.
    This paper considers the issue of cryopreservation and the definition of death from an Aristotelian-Thomistic perspective. A central conceptual focus throughout this discussion is the purportedly irreversible nature of death and the criteria by which a human body is considered to be informed by a rational soul. It concludes that a cryopreserved corpse fails to have “life potentially in it” sufficient to satisfy Aristotle’s definition of ensoulment. Therefore, if the possibility that such a corpse may be successfully preserved and resuscitated (...)
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  29.  60
    Time-Reversal, Irreversibility and Arrow of Time in Quantum Mechanics.M. Castagnino, M. Gadella & O. Lombardi - 2006 - Foundations of Physics 36 (3):407-426.
    The aim of this paper is to analyze time-asymmetric quantum mechanics with respect of its validity as a non time-reversal invariant, time-asymmetric theory as well as of its ability to determine an arrow of time.
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  30.  39
    Irreversibility in the Derivation of the Boltzmann Equation.Vincent Ardourel - 2017 - Foundations of Physics 47 (4):471-489.
    Uffink and Valente claim that there is no time-asymmetric ingredient that, added to the Hamiltonian equations of motion, allows to obtain the Boltzmann equation within the Lanford’s derivation. This paper is a discussion and a reply to that analysis. More specifically, I focus on two mathematical tools used in this derivation, viz. the Boltzmann–Grad limit and the incoming configurations. Although none of them are time-asymmetric ingredients, by themselves, I claim that the use of incoming configurations, as taken within the B–G (...)
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  31.  23
    Irreversibility and Indeterminism: Fourier to Heisenberg.Stephen G. Brush - 1976 - Journal of the History of Ideas 37 (4):603.
  32.  43
    Brownian movement and microscopic irreversibility.L. G. M. Gordon - 1981 - Foundations of Physics 11 (1-2):103-113.
    An extension of the hypothetical experiment of Szilard, which involved the action of a one-molecule gas in an isolated isothermal system, is developed to illustrate how irreversibility may arise out of Brownian motion. As this development requires a consideration of nonmolecular components such as wheels and pistons, the thought-experiment is remodeled in molecular terms and appears to function as a perpetuum mobile.
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  33. Time's Arrow and Irreversibility in Time‐Asymmetric Quantum Mechanics.Mario Castagnino, Manuel Gadella & Olimpia Lombardi - 2005 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 19 (3):223 – 243.
    The aim of this paper is to analyze time-asymmetric quantum mechanics with respect to the problems of irreversibility and of time's arrow. We begin with arguing that both problems are conceptually different. Then, we show that, contrary to a common opinion, the theory's ability to describe irreversible quantum processes is not a consequence of the semigroup evolution laws expressing the non-time-reversal invariance of the theory. Finally, we argue that time-asymmetric quantum mechanics, either in Prigogine's version or in Bohm's version, (...)
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  34.  36
    On the origin of irreversibility in classical electrodynamic measurement processes.Darryl Leiter - 1984 - Foundations of Physics 14 (9):849-863.
    We present a new formalism for the microscopic classical electrodynamics of point charges in which the dynamic absence of self-interactions is enforced by the action principle, without eliminating the field degrees of freedom. In this context, free local radiation fields are dynamically prohibited. Instead radiation is carried by charge-field functionals of the current which have a negative parity under mathematical time reversal. This leads to the dynamic requirement of a physical time arrow in the equations of motion in order to (...)
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  35.  55
    The Irreversibility of History.Alfred Stern - 1960 - Diogenes 8 (29):1-15.
  36. How the Distinction between "Irreversible" and "Permanent" Illuminates Circulatory-Respiratory Death Determination.James L. Bernat - 2010 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 35 (3):242-255.
    The distinction between the "permanent" (will not reverse) and "irreversible" (cannot reverse) cessation of functions is critical to understand the meaning of a determination of death using circulatory–respiratory tests. Physicians determining death test only for the permanent cessation of circulation and respiration because they know that irreversible cessation follows rapidly and inevitably once circulation no longer will restore itself spontaneously and will not be restored medically. Although most statutes of death stipulate irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, the accepted (...)
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  37.  3
    Statistical mechanics of irreversible processes.Alla Vasilʹevna Shelest - 1966 - [Kiev,: Naukova dumka].
  38. Lanford’s Theorem and the Emergence of Irreversibility.Jos Uffink & Giovanni Valente - 2015 - Foundations of Physics 45 (4):404-438.
    It has been a longstanding problem to show how the irreversible behaviour of macroscopic systems can be reconciled with the time-reversal invariance of these same systems when considered from a microscopic point of view. A result by Lanford shows that, under certain conditions, the famous Boltzmann equation, describing the irreversible behaviour of a dilute gas, can be obtained from the time-reversal invariant Hamiltonian equations of motion for the hard spheres model. Here, we examine how and in what sense Lanford’s theorem (...)
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  39.  23
    The Metaphysical Irreversibility of Death.Catherine Nolan - 2020 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 45 (6):725-741.
    The popularization of the term “clinical death” for the absence of vital signs suggests the possibility of a radical change in our understanding of death. While death used to be considered something that we do not have the power to reverse, contemporary optimism suggests that we may be able to restore life to a dead organism. In this article, I examine how the term “death” is used today to clarify what kind of irreversibility we ought to assign to it. (...)
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  40. Time and irreversibility in an accelerating universe.Gustavo E. Romero & Daniela Pérez - 2011 - International Journal of Modern Physics D 20:2831-2838.
    It is a remarkable fact that all processes occurring in the observable universe are irre- versible, whereas the equations through which the fundamental laws of physics are formu- lated are invariant under time reversal. The emergence of irreversibility from the funda- mental laws has been a topic of consideration by physicists, astronomers and philosophers since Boltzmann's formulation of his famous \H" theorem. In this paper we shall discuss some aspects of this problem and its connection with the dynamics of (...)
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  41. Thermodynamics of nonlinear, interacting irreversible processes. II.B. H. Lavenda - 1973 - Foundations of Physics 3 (1):53-88.
    The scope of the thermodynamic theory of nonlinear irreversible processes is widened to include the nonlinear stability analysis of system motion. The emphasis is shifted from the analysis of instantaneous energy flows to that of the average work performed by periodic nonlinear processes. The principle of virtual work separates dissipative and conservative forces. The vanishing of the work of conservative forces determines the natural period of oscillation. Stability is then determined by the variations of the dissipative forces with amplitude of (...)
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  42. Irreversibility; or, entropy since 1905.Karl R. Popper - 1957 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 8 (30):151-155.
  43.  34
    Time, irreversibility and structure.Ilya Prigogine - 1973 - In Jagdish Mehra (ed.), The physicist's conception of nature. Boston,: Reidel. pp. 561--593.
  44.  54
    Generating signals with multiscale time irreversibility: The asymmetric weierstrass function.Anton Burykin, Madalena D. Costa, Chung-Kang Peng, Ary L. Goldberger & Timothy G. Buchman - 2011 - Complexity 16 (4):29-38.
  45.  65
    An interpretation of macroscopic irreversibility within the Newtonian framework.Henry B. Hollinger & Michael J. Zenzen - 1982 - Philosophy of Science 49 (3):309-354.
    Some of the most imaginative analyses in contemporary science have been fostered by the paradox of irreversibility. Rendered as a question the paradox reads: How can the anisotropic macrophysical behavior of a system of molecules be reconciled with the underlying reversible molecular model? Attempts to resolve and dissolve the paradox have appealed to large numbers of particles, jammed correlations, unseen perturbations, hidden variables or constraints, uncertainty principles, averaging procedures (e.g., coarse graining and time smoothing), stochastic flaws, cosmological origins, etc. (...)
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  46.  35
    Brain death as irreversible loss of a human’s moral status.Piotr Grzegorz Nowak - 2018 - Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) 8 (3-4):167-178.
    Singer claims that there are two ways of challenging the fact that brain-dead patients, from whom organs are usually retrieved, are in fact biologically alive. By means of the first, the so called dead donor rule may be abandoned, opening the way to lethal organ donation. In the second, it might be posited that terms such as “life” and “death” do not have any primary biological meaning and are applicable to persons instead of organisms. This second possibility permits one to (...)
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  47.  5
    Nonequilibrium and Irreversibility.Giovanni Gallavotti - 2014 - Cham: Imprint: Springer.
    This book concentrates on the properties of the stationary states in chaotic systems of particles or fluids, leaving aside the theory of the way they can be reached. The stationary states of particles or of fluids (understood as probability distributions on microscopic configurations or on the fields describing continua) have received important new ideas and data from numerical simulations and reviews are needed. The starting point is to find out which time invariant distributions come into play in physics. A special (...)
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  48.  86
    Replacement and Irreversibility: The Problem with Ecological Restoration as Moral Repair.Eric Katz - 2018 - Ethics and the Environment 23 (1):17.
    Should the process of ecological restoration be considered a type of moral reparation? In a recent issue of this journal, Ben Almassi (2017) has argued that ecological restoration should be understood as a moral repair, i.e., as "a model for rebuilding the moral conditions of relationships" (20). Ideas of restorative justice and moral repair are appropriate to address human injustice and wrongdoing. But these concepts are vacuous and lose their meaning when addressing the ethics of human activities regarding the natural (...)
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  49.  40
    The problematic role of 'irreversibility' in the definition of death.David Hershenov - 2003 - Bioethics 17 (1):89–100.
    Most definitions of death – whether cardiopulmonary, whole brain and brain stem, or just upper brain – include an irreversibility condition. Cessation of function is not enough to declare death. Irreversibility should be limited to an organism's ability to ‘restart’ itself after vital organs have ceased to function. However, this would mean that every hour people who cannot be revived without the intervention of medical personnel and their technology are coming back from the dead. However, the alternative of (...)
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  50.  95
    Irreversibility in macroscopic physics: From Carnot cycle to dissipative structures. [REVIEW]P. Glansdorff - 1987 - Foundations of Physics 17 (7):653-666.
    The conceptual foundations of the modern thermodynamic theory related to a large category of far-from-equilibrium phenomena are outlined, and the historical continuity with early developments based on the impossibility of perpetual motion is discussed.In this perspective the discovery of thermodynamic stability criteria around steady or periodic processes, together with a general evolution criterion that is valid in the non-linear region (and thus implying creation of order and applicability to living systems), appears as a most remarkable development indeed. The leading role (...)
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