Des résidences fermées, associant murs ou clôtures et contrôle des accès pour les non résidants, se multiplient en France depuis les années 1990. Ce phénomène peut être interprété comme un témoin de l’affirmation d’un ordre sécuritaire. Mais il convient également de s’interroger sur l’effet frontière créé en explorant le couple imperméabilité et perméabilité : entre production de frontières imperméables, barrières symboliques et pragmatisme des résidants, le gradient de fermeture oscille d’un complexe résidentiel à l’autre, complexifiant la perception d’un espace urbain (...) aux formes résidentielles de plus en plus carcérales.Gated residential communities, with their walls, fences and controlled access for outsiders, have been increasing in number in France since the 1990s. This development could be interpreted as reflecting a prevailing concern with law and order, but there are also grounds for investigating the resulting boundary effect by exploring the twin notions of permeability and impermeability: between the creation of impermeable barriers, symbolic boundaries and the pragmatism of residents, the closure gradient varies from one residential community to the next, complicating perceptions of an urban sphere where residential life is increasingly shut in. (shrink)

Robot programming by demonstration covers methods by which a robot learns new skills through human guidance. We present an interactive, multimodal RPD framework using active teaching methods that places the human teacher in the robot’s learning loop. Two experiments are presented in which observational learning is first used to demonstrate a manipulation skill to a HOAP–3 humanoid robot by using motion sensors attached to the teacher’s body. Then, putting the robot through the motion, the teacher incrementally refines the robot’s skill (...) by moving its arms manually, providing the appropriate scaffolds to reproduce the action. An incremental teaching scenario is proposed based on insights from various fields addressing developmental, psychological, and social issues related to teaching mechanisms in humans. Based on this analysis, different benchmarks are suggested to evaluate the setup further. (shrink)

Cet ouvrage regroupe différents textes qui, à l'image de la diversité des engagements des militant.es de la fondation, diversifient les points d'entrée sur le thème de l'écologie : réchauffement et dérèglement climatiques, destruction de la biodiversité, extractivisme ; besoins et biens communs, rapports nature/ culture ; marchandisation généralisée des échanges, économie, finance ; décroissance, démondialisation, libre échange, néocolonialisme, migrations ; rapports de domination, démocratie, auto-organisation, souveraineté populaire, écoféminisme. Derrière les textes, une constante : l'analyse du capitalisme (sous toutes ses formes), (...) du productivisme et de l'extractivisme comme moteurs essentiels de l'ère géologique dans laquelle nous sommes aujourd'hui : l'anthropocène ; que beaucoup préfèrent d'ailleurs qualifier de capitalocène. Mais, un autre constat se dessine aussi : la nécessaire, l'urgente bifurcation écologique, obligatoire pour garder une Terre habitable pour toutes, elle va générer de facto des basculements d'ordre anthropologique, qui vont impacter toutes nos manières de faire Monde. Pour le meilleur comme pour le pire."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

Des 1963, Foucault & Deleuze forment un couple tacite sur le plan de la pensee. Ils ont recours au procede de Raymond Roussel, au metagramme b/p (billard/pillard), pour ecrire et forger de nouveaux concepts. La doublure, concept roussellien et foucaldien, peut etre convertie en termes deleuziens: la doublure affirme la difference dans la repetition. Aragon et Breton avaient elabore un projet philosophique et invente le temps sans fil. Foucault et Deleuze rejouent cette sequence. Tels Brisset, Roussel et Wolfson, ils (...) vont fendre les mots et fracturer les choses. Conscients que l'histoire est sortie de ses gonds, ils cassent eux-memes les ages. Ils sont a la recherche de l'evenement pur, de l'inactuel, de l'eternel retour du different. Le duo redige a l'encre sympathique de Nouvelles Impressions du Surrealisme. On y lira que Foucault est la doublure de l'auteur de La Doublure et que Jarry est le precurseur sombre de Deleuze. (shrink)

Open peer commentary on the article “Constructing Constructivism” by Hugh Gash. Upshot: The concept of “constructivist teaching” seems unattainable for two reasons: a philosophical and an empirical one. Also, Hugh Gash’s survey is not so much about radical constructivism in education, but a review of different connected ideas labeled “constructivism” that have dominated the educational field.

O cinema, na mesma maneira da televisão, da prensa, e outros meios de comunicação, contribui na construção de imaginários sociais e culturais, como mostrou claramente o Bourdieu em Langage et pouvoir simbolique e o Chomsky em A Fabricação do Consenso. Contudo, o cinema a retratar fenômenos sociais, não somente constrói imaginários sino também constrói a criação de arquivos fílmicos e com eles permite construir e reconstruir uma parte da história. Essa é nossa posição, adoptando os postulados do Ferro, do Kracauer (...) e do Billard. Através a prisma da filosofia da história, o artigo pretende analisar em quê medida o cinema centro-americano contemporâneo pode ser considerado como uma forma de construção e reconstrução da memória e a história das migrações centro-americanas nas primeiras duas décadas do século XXI? (shrink)

The work _De spiritu_ is an important but neglected work by Aristotle. It clearly shows for the first time that Aristotle assumed a special body as the ‘instrument’ of the soul. By means of this soul/body the soul forms the visible body of plants, animals and human beings.

In this paper we examine the functional anatomy of volition, as revealed by modern brain imaging techniques, in conjunction with neuropsychological data derived from human and non-human primates using other methodologies. A number of brain regions contribute to the performance of consciously chosen, or ‘willed', actions. Of particular importance is dorsolateral prefrontal cortex , together with those brain regions with which it is connected, via cortico-subcortical and cortico-cortical circuits. That aspect of free will which is concerned with the voluntary selection (...) of one action rather than another critically depends upon the normal functioning of DLPFC and associated brain regions. Disease, or dysfunction, of these circuits may be associated with a variety of disorders of volition: Parkinson's disease, ‘utilization’ behaviour, ‘alien’ and ‘phantom’ limbs, and delusions of ‘alien control’ . Brain imaging has allowed us to gain some access to the pathophysiology of these conditions in living patients. At a philosophical level, the distinction between ‘intentions to act', and ‘intentions in action’ may prove particularly helpful when addressing these complex disturbances of human cognition and conscious experience. The exercise and experience of free will depends upon neural mechanisms located in prefrontal cortex and associated brain systems. (shrink)

This article examines the technique and legality of induced abortion of one or more fetuses in a multiple pregnancy, where the aim is the destruction of some but not all of the fetuses present (selective reduction of pregnancy). It concludes that since the legal status of the procedure in English law is unclear, it may be a criminal offence to perform selective reduction even where there is an ostensible clinical need. Moreover if the procedure is carried out negligently, and any (...) infant damaged as a result is subsequently born alive, he or she may have a civil claim against the practitioner who carried out the procedure. (shrink)

The issue of democracy is alive once more. There is a growing number of works debating the current state of democracy both in theory and practice.1 In particular a pragmatist conception of democracy has also been revived. Not only has a Deweyan version of a participatory democracy become the focus but the intricacies of a Rortian version have also come to the forefront, from both sympathetic as well as critical viewpoints.2 Thus the impression that the contemporary world is in quite (...) an exigent need of reconsidering—and perhaps even forming a novel conception of—democracy seems to be obvious, at least from a global point of view.3 Moreover, the fact that the idea or ideal of democracy still seems to be .. (shrink)

Panentheism has become a familiar term in contemporary Christian systematic theology and philosophy, for it is widely believed to be an appropriate way to overcome the alleged dualism found in the classical God-world relationship. But what is meant by the term panentheism, and how does it work so as to avoid becoming still another form of pantheism or cosmic monism? In 2004 Philip Clayton and the late Arthur Peacocke published a set of papers on the topic of panentheism that came (...) from a conference in England on that topic in 2001.1 Yet, while there were certain broad affinities in approach and content among many of the papers, none of them used precisely the same conceptual model for analysis of the concept. As.. (shrink)

Lectures based on the commentaries on Brahmasūtra of Bādarāyaṇa.

Names of Romans in Josephus are notoriously liable to corruption. Two minor characters in his account of the assassination of Caligula have so far defied plausible emendation, ‘Timidius’ in A.J. 19.33–4 and ‘Bathybius’ in 19.91. The sources of Josephus’ account of this dramatic episode were unquestionably high class—two, rather than one, Latin historians, as Wiseman has demonstrated, the main one being Cluvius Rufus, the other possibly Fabius Rusticus.