Identificando polaridades discursivas entre naturalização e criminalização dos fenômenos socio-históricos da escravidão no Brasil – decorrentes de crise originária da apropriação comercial de uma imagem icônica do período por uma grife nacional de roupas femininas –, a pesquisa revela embates narrativos e contranarrativos, bem como disputas ideológicas por valores, sentidos e significados estruturantes dos movimentos da História, da memória e do esquecimento da escravatura no País. Com o aporte da netnografia e da análise do discurso, o artigo contempla a construção (...) e a análise de um corpus de excertos extraídos da rede social Facebook, que permitiu atestar a importância, o vigor e a permanência das imagens na construção das representações sociais, apontando para o seu potencial crítico, conscientizador e transformador da realidade-mundo. (shrink)

The work aims to briefly present some points of Paul Ricoeur's analysis, especially The Living Metaphor in his Study I Between Rhetoric and Poetics carried out by the philosopher in the study mentioned above, divided into five parts: 1- The unfolding of rhetoric and poetics. 2- The common core of poetics and rhetoric: "the epiphora of the name". 3- An enigma: metaphor and comparison (eikõn). 4- The "rhetorical" place of the lexis. 5- The "poetic" place of the lexis. Based on (...) the analysis of Ricoeur's text on the subject, and with the help of reference commentators, we seek to introduce the reader in a didactic way to the discussion and points of view on linguistic hermeneutics in the contemporary period, highlighting the contribution of Ricoeur's thought. Where the philosopher discusses the place of metaphor in the field of language, exploring its historical evolution from classical rhetoric to a broader and more transformative poetic approach. He presents metaphor not only as a stylistic ornament, but as a linguistic operation that enables the creation of new meanings. (shrink)

Appellate Court Modifications Extraction consists of, given an Appellate Court decision, identifying the proposed modifications by the upper Court of the lower Court judge’s decision. In this work, we propose a system to extract Appellate Court Modifications for Portuguese. Information extraction for legal texts has been previously addressed using different techniques and for several languages. Our proposal differs from previous work in two ways: our corpus is composed of Brazilian Appellate Court decisions, in which we look for a set of (...) modifications provided by the Court; and to automatically extract the modifications, we use a traditional Machine Learning approach and a Deep Learning approach, both as alternative solutions and as a combined solution. We tackle the Appellate Court Modifications Extraction task, experimenting with a wide variety of methods. In order to train and evaluate the system, we have built the KauaneJunior corpus, using public data disclosed by the Appellate State Court of Rio de Janeiro jurisprudence database. Our best method, which is a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network combined with Conditional Random Fields, obtained an \ score of 94.79%. (shrink)

Between the 1960s and 1970s, Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Pape and Edgardo Antonio Vigo shared the idea that the audience should stop behaving as a passive spectator to become an active participant in the artistic process. In this case study, we will study how, with this aim in mind, these artists put into practice a series of participatory proposals −most of them in public spaces− which sought to establish a bond with the community. Therefore, these three artist’s artistic proposals (...) involved bodily action, dancing, and intellectual and sensitive stimulus and exploration. Within the framework of both Brazilian and Argentinean dictatorships, as well as of the emergence of revolutionary actions and movements, they fostered an art democratizing ideal in their own way. (shrink)

Significant individual differences exist in dream recall frequency but some variance is likely attributable to instrument choice in measuring DRF. Three hundred and fifty eight participants estimated their weekly DRF and recorded their dreams in either a narrative log or checklist log for 2–5 weeks. There was an early peak in DRF within the first week of both types of prospective logs after which DRF remained relatively stable. Although the two groups did not differ in their estimated DRF, significantly fewer (...) dreams were reported per week on the narrative logs and only checklist logs yielded significantly higher DRF than participants’ questionnaire estimates. The interactions between DRF measures did not vary across groups with low, medium or high baseline levels of DRF. Keeping a dream log does not necessarily increase DRF and narrative logs’ time consuming nature can impact subjects’ motivation to report all of their dreams over time. (shrink)

The main purpose of this article is to identify the inner human activity Peirce calls musement with the mental processes that arise through the workings of the brain’s default mode network. This network is a specific, recently anatomically defined brain system, which is most active when individuals are not focused on the external environment. In doing so, musement, which was defined by Peirce over a hundred years ago, will finally be situated within what today we understand as its neurobiological origin.

Sumário. Apresentação. PARTE I. 1. O legado filosófico de P. F. Strawson, Itamar Luís Gelain e Jaimir Conte; 2 . Strawson e o caso dos metafísicos descritivos, Itamar Luís Gelain; 3. Metafísica e linguagem comum: sobre uma conturbada herança wittgensteiniana de Strawson, Jônadas Techio; 4. Strawson e Descartes, Albertinho Luiz Gallina; 5. Strawson: sobre Kant e Berkeley, Robert Calabria; 6. O empirismo pós-kantiano de Strawson, Wenceslao J. González; 7. Reabilitando Strawson, Marco Antonio Franciotti; 8. Strawson e o ceticismo em (...) Individuals, Plínio Junqueira Smith; 9. Strawson e a causação visível, João Paulo Monteiro; 10. A verdade dos fatos, Susana Badiola; 11. Estabelecer limites: implicações epistemológicas da lógica, Roberta Corvi; 12. Referência e termos singulares, Carlos E. Caorsi; 13. Strawson: da experiência possível para a ação possível, Márlon Henrique Teixeira; 14. Atitudes reativas e responsabilidade moral, Cristina de Moraes Nunes; 15. Strawson e Hume: uma comparação a propósito de “Moralidade social e ideal individual”, Amán Rosales Rodríguez; PARTE II. 16. Liberdade e ressentimento, P. F. Strawson. Tradução: Jaimir Conte; 17. Moralidade social e ideal individual, P. F. Strawson, Tradução: Jaimir Conte. Seleção bibliográfica. (shrink)

INCONTINENCE, HONOURING SUNK COSTS AND RATIONALITY According to a basic principle of rationality, the decision to engage in a course of action should be determined solely by the analysis of its consequences. Thus, considerations associated with previous use of resources should have no bearing on an agent’s decision-making process. Frequently, however, agents persist carrying on an activity they themselves judge to be nonoptimal under the circumstances because they have already allocated resources to that activity. When this is the case, agents (...) are said to be honouring sunk costs. Honouring sunk costs is thus typically viewed as irrational economic behaviour. Two striking findings of the psychological literature on the sunk cost effect are that it is, in general, not lessened by having taken previously courses in economics, and that agents who did take such courses and that do honour sunk costs seem to be frequently aware of a cognitive dissonance in their behaviour. Davidson’s account of the possibility conditions of incontinent action renders continent action materially unfeasible. The very idea of incontinent action becomes thus a hollow one. I’ll present an alternative description of these possibility conditions that renders continent action materially feasible, and both, continent and incontinent action, cognitively plausible. In a nutshell, my proposal rests upon the drawing of an essential cognitive contrast between explicit processes of deliberative reasoning and lower level heuristic procedures. I conclude the paper arguing that my redescription of incontinent action accounts for the above mentioned cognitive dissonance effect better than the alternatives and that viewing at least an important subset of behaviours of honouring sunk costs as incontinent actions will enable us to consider them as peculiar manifestations of a more general and meaningful pattern in human behaviour. (shrink)

In the digital era, video games have become a major propaganda tool, used for political purposes by state agents and different organisations, including extremist groups. Similarly, some titles have structured their narratives with an educational and awareness-raising purpose, denouncing the senselessness and violence of different terrorist groups. In this article, we will present a general theoretical framework on how video games have been used in the virtual war on terrorism, either in favour of or against it, either by means of (...) special creations or through modifications of famous war games. Next, we will include a case study referring to Spain, analysing the representation in this video game format of the ETA problem or the 11-M jihadist attacks. As a preliminary result, we would like to highlight the importance of this interactive format today, whether from a propaganda, educational or informative point of view. (shrink)

Este artigo toma como ponto de partida os significados conferidos por Friedrich Nietzsche aos conceitos de memória e de esquecimento, em associação com as ideias de perdão e de graça, com o objetivo de ampliar o horizonte interpretativo sobre o papel exercido por tais conceitos em alguns jogos políticos, como se verifica, por exemplo, na superação da Apartheid na África do Sul, por um lado, e do Regime Militar instalado no Brasil em 1964, por outro. A hipótese de trabalho é (...) que os modos como se estabelecem as relações entre aqueles conceitos, nesses casos, expressam diferentes formas de assimilação do passado que podem resultar tanto no fortalecimento quanto no declínio de uma comunidade. (shrink)

This essay argues that Stein’s view of the state can overcome Husserl’s skepticism about the state being an authentic, intense community rooted in solidarity while not negating his hope for the advent of a genuinely ethical, rational culture. Whereas Husserl places rationality and freedom within the framework of culture proper and not in the state, Stein sees the state as an extension of persons that can give the state its own free, deliberating and rational Ich kann.

Beyond the terms used by the various pre-Socratic thinkers (thymós, kardia, eros, etc.) and beyond also the different settings adopted in their discussion,it is possible to find the reference to a reality which is susceptiblebut to be described in the three essential characteristics of desire:1) The change of a previous situation, which is almost always understood as an exit from one reality to another.2) The push, placed at the origin of this exit, which appears as opposition or attraction about another (...) reality. 3) Finally the achievement of a new situation, equal or very similar to the previous situation. (shrink)

Partiendo de la invitación hecha por el Papa Juan Pablo II en su Carta Apostólica "Tertio Millennio Adveniente" a reflexionar sobre la estrecha relación existente entre los misterios de la Encarnación y de la Eucaristía (perspectiva central del Jubileo 2000: TM 55), este trabajo estudia en profundidad las claves bíblicas y teológicas desde las que estos dos misterios que se pueden ver y considerar. Entre las muchas claves desde las que sería posible leer e interpretar estos misterios, este trabajo ha (...) seleccionado seis de ellas, que perfectamente aplicables a ambos misterios, y que constituyen el hilo conductor de la presente reflexión: el trinitario, el pascual, la unidad, la presencia mutuamente vinculante y redentora, la plenitud y las claves marianas. (shrink)

It's a paper on Card. Walter Kasper and Schelling.

Apresentação - Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, v. 13, n. 39, jul./set. 2015.

La crisis sanitaria mundial ha propiciado un fecundo debate iusfilosófico en lo referente a la protección de los derechos humanos. El nuevo escenario exige respuestas nuevas por parte de la filosofía del derecho. En este trabajo se somete a crítica la teoría del garantismo constitucional de Luigi Ferrajoli, cuestionándose su idoneidad como marco de referencia para afrontar los mencionados desafíos. La crítica se centra en la concepción ferrajoliana de la democracia y en su proyección cosmopolita. Se argumentará que la extensión (...) del constitucionalismo más allá del Estado debe realizarse a partir de un cosmopolitismo gradual y realista. (shrink)

Este artigo discute, de forma interdisciplinar, como é possível, em um Estado Democrático de Direito, existir formas de vida expostas às mais diversas possibilidades de violações de direitos e garantias fundamentais, como as das pessoas em situação de rua no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como se deu o início do problema das pessoas em situação de rua no país e como o Estado brasileiro enxerga a questão, e a partir disso refletir como o acesso a direitos impede (...) que estes indivíduos detenham participação na sociedade. Assim, se tratará a hipótese de que as pessoas em situação de rua, do ponto de vista do Estado, por não habitarem o contexto político, econômico e social de forma efetiva não são tratados como seres sujeitos de direitos na ordem pública, o que legitima tomada de decisões que são, em parte, danosas a esta classe e cobertas por um véu falacioso de cuidado com este contingente populacional. Para sustentar e desenvolver este artigo foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa que analisa como se deu a formação da questão no contexto sócio político brasileiro, bem como uma abordagem crítica das bases normativas instituídas em torno da problemática. Ainda, se utilizou das contribuições bibliográficas de autores que escrevem sobre: politização da vida, poder estatal e relações sociais, tais como Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben e Achille Mbembe. (shrink)

Burned at the stake for heresy, Giordano Bruno (1548-1600) was one of the Renaissance's more controversial thinkers. Current scholarship tends to read Bruno as either a Neo-Platonist who ultimately collapses reality to an overarching unity, or as an eclectic thinker whose disparate and disjointed musings are essentially incoherent. By closely and critically examining Bruno's writings this book demonstrates that Bruno was very much in the spirit of Modernity in that he tried to explain philosophically the possibility of the coexistence of (...) unity and multiplicity (difference) through the «then-scientific» logic of the coincidence of opposites. His metaphysics, cosmology and ethical thinking are to be understood through this underlying logic of coincidence, thereby rendering Bruno neither an absolute Neo-Platonist nor unintelligible. (shrink)

Provisto de procedimientos que proceden de la filosofía y de la poesía, la filología y el psicoanálisis, la religión, el cine o la antropología, Antonio Lastra inscribe su "ecología de la cultura" en una vertiente político ...

Recensión de S. Sastre Ariza, Ciencia jurídica positivista y neoconstitucionalismo, McGraw Hill, Madrid, 1999.

This paper investigates the influence of the increasingly sustainable sourcing policies of many multinational companies on suppliers located in developing countries. Our research was conducted in Viet Nam and involved 25 Vietnamese enterprises. The results reveal, on the one hand, how CSR makes business sense even in a developing country and, on the other hand, the difficulties of maintaining sustainability as products move from northern consumers to Vietnamese suppliers. In more detail, we highlight the unsustainable process through which corporate responsibility (...) is being imposed on Vietnamese suppliers and how CSR might eventually turn into a new form of protectionism. Therefore, this process calls for more collaborative models of governance among the companies along the supply chain, local authorities, international players, and civil society at large. (shrink)