Türkiye'de din eğitimi bilimi, Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi'ndeki akademik disiplinler içinde doğmuş ve alanın ilk akademisyenleri bu fakültede yetişmiştir. Fakültenin açılışından uzun bir süre sonra kurulan Din Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, yeni kurulan ilahiyat fakültelerinin din eğitimi akademisyenlerini yetiştirmede öncü rol oynamıştır. Bu makalede, alanında ilk ve lider olmasından dolayı Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi üzerine yoğunlaşılarak, din eğitiminin Türkiye'de bilimsel bir disiplin olarak gelişmesi tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, Türkiye'deki mevcut din eğitiminin genel kurumsal görünümü ile ilgili bilgi verilmektedir. Araştırmada, din eğitimi bölümünün tarihsel (...) gelişimini ortaya koymak amacıyla Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi arşivleri incelenmiştir. İlk elden bilgiler, Yönetim Kurulu, Profesörler ve Fakülte Kurulu karar defterlerinden alınmıştır. Din Eğitimi Bölümü'nün karakteristik özellikleri, bilimsel yönelimleri ve katkıları incelenirken, bölümün akademisyenleri tarafından yürütülen bilimsel çalışmalar ve onların lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencilerine atıfta bulunulmuştur. In this article, the theoretical and practical contributions concerning the rise and development of religious education science, its basic characteristics, orientations and fields as an academic discipline in Turkey are discussed. Religious education made its first step into academic disciplines at the Ankara University Divinity Faculty. And first academicians in the field of religious education were taught at this faculty. Department of Religious Education, which was established after a long time, took the lead in educating religious education academicians in newly established divinity faculties. Moreover; the end of this article, information is given in relation to the general institutional appearance of religious education in nowdays Turkey. During the research, in order to reveal the historical development of department of religious education, archives of Ankara University Divinity Faculty were examined. First-hand information was derived from decision books of Administrative, Professors and Faculty Board. When exploring the characteristic features, scientific orientations and contributions of Department of Religious Education, the scientific works carried out by department’s academicians and their graduate and postgraduate students were referred to. (shrink)

In recent years, decision-making processes related to medical practices have undergone a change from physician paternalism towards patient autonomy. However, it has been put forward that this situation has changed into or strengthened the parent paternalism for children. Parental paternalism might bring along decisions of refusing the child’s treatment, in such a way to occasionally violate the health right of the child. Paternalistic attitude of parents may also cause physicians to direct towards defensive medicine practices and to display a tendency (...) of avoiding legal liability rather than the benefit of the patient. Coming to the decision of the parent on refusing the child’s treatment together defensive medicine approach of the physician and an environment, where the legal protection mechanisms for the child are not efficient enough, causes serious violations of health rights. International contracts and national law require the protection of the child’s best interest in all cases. In that case, parent’s decision on refusing treatment of the child should be restricted within the scope of the child’s best interest and healthy life right. (shrink)

The present article deals with the developments in Islamic theology in higher education in Europe with a focus on those in Germany. The main objectives of the study are to identify the developments regarding Islamic theology at European universities in recent years and to evaluate these developments in the context of the opportunities and problems. Since European states and nations, possessing Judeo-Christian-Western values, are in search of ways to enable Muslims to live in harmony with themselves due to the growing (...) Muslim share of the population throughout Europe. This issue has great importance for the future of Islam and Muslims in Europe. One aspect of these pursuits concerns the establishment academic programmes on/over Islamic theology at European universities. The question of “Is it possible to develop an interpretation of Islam that will live in harmony with European values?” is an important issue that is being focused on across Europe, especially in Germany. The academic studies of Islamic theology, addressing this question, started in the 2000s and has gained momentum over the past decade. Creating an understanding of Islam to live in peace with Western European values and educating people who will provide Islamic religious education and religious services within this scope are the main goals of the initiatives for introducing the Islamic theology programmes at European universities. The subject is addressed by the autobiographical methods in the light of many years of experience and the literature survey. (shrink)

Summary In the attempt to understand science, definition is not much of a help. Due to the ever growing complexity of science, no unique and universally valid set of defining criteria is available. Hence, certain distinctions are resorted to: science is both a body of tested knowledge and a method of inquiry. The latter, in turn, consists of two phases: discovery and confirmation. The writer argues that it is mainly in respect of its method that science can best be characterized (...) and distinguished from other types of inquiry. (shrink)

Temelini Harvard Üniversitesi’nde savunulan bir doktora tezinin oluşturduğu bu çalışma, Bizans hakkındaki Arap-İslam görüşünün yüzyıllar boyunca süren savaş, temas ve karşılıklı alışveriş ile geçirdiği evrim sürecinin bölgesel-tarihsel gelişmeler bağlamında izini sürmektedir. Kitap Giriş, Bizans’la karşılaşma, Bizans’ın karşısında durmak, İslam savunmada ve Yeni bir gerçeklik: Bizans’ı yeniden ziyaret başlıkları altında dört ana bölüm ve Sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. Başlıklardan da anlaşılacağı üzere, dört ana bölümün her biri nitelikleri belirgin dönemleri ele almaktadır. Bu yazıda da kitabın mevcut sistematiğine uyularak her bir kısım ayrı (...) ayrı ele alınmış, yazarın temel iddiaları özetlenmiş, seçme örnekler verilmiş ve tüm bunlar değerlendirilmiştir. (shrink)

The structure and expectations of societies are constantly changing, developing, and advancing as time demands. Accordingly, the vision, mission, purpose, and objectives of educational institutions are changing and are shaped according to the expectations of the society. School Directors, teachers, and families, briefly the community, should know that schools are institutions that best fulfill children’s learning, and make them feel happy and safe. A cheerful and peaceful school environment always brings academic success. Children who have a quality school life are (...) aware of the responsibility for their behaviors as well as the social responsibilities for their environment. Thus, students who are closely interested in social responsibility projects are not just academically developed; at the same time, their social, emotional, and mental development increases, and their social cohesion and awareness develop. This research aims to examine ways to improve the quality of social life in schools through social responsibility projects to be started as well as opinions by School Directors. In this study, the qualitative method and case study design were used. The study group of this research consisted of 15 teachers working in primary schools affiliated with the Department of Primary Education of the Ministry of National Education. The participants were interviewed through live connections. The findings revealed that students are very willing to take part in social responsibility projects, and significant improvements have been made in their academic achievement; they attended more willingly, and there have been noticeable changes in the quality of the school. (shrink)

Bu yazıda Prof. Amit Bein’in ‘Osmanlı Uleması ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Değişimin Failleri ve Geleneğin Muhafızları’ başlıklı kitabı değerlendirilmektedir. Yakın dönem Türkiye tarihi uzmanı olan Bein, çalışmasında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan Cumhuriyet’e geçişte, çoğu zaman tek tip olarak resmedilen ama aslında birbirlerine rakip olan ulemayı, onların düşüncelerini, mücadelelerini, kurumlarını ve miraslarını titizlikle incelemektedir. Bunu yaparken de ulemayı reformcu/gelenekçi veya ilerici/gerici şeklinde zıtlık içinde konumlandıran ikilikçi sınıflandırmaların ötesine geçme iddiasındadır. Çalışmanın metoduna, kaynakçasına ve bulgularına bakıldığında bu iddiasını da büyük ölçüde gerçekleştirdiği görülmektedir. Mevcut çalışmaların (...) büyük bir kısmında ulemanın, bir tarafta geriliğin sebebi, diğer tarafta da rejimin ve din karşıtlığının biçare kurbanları şeklinde konumlandırıldığı göz önünde bulundurulursa böylesi geniş ve bilimsel bir perspektifle hazırlanan eserin önemli bir boşluğu doldurduğunu, ilgi ve takdiri hak ettiğini söylemek mümkündür. (shrink)

يعد نجيب فاضل قيصه كورك من أهم الشعراء والمفكرين الأتراك في القرن العشرين الميلادي، ورغم كونه من رموز الحركة الإسلامية لم تقتصر شعبيته على الإسلاميين فحسب. بل كان يتمتع بشهرة عظيمة على مستوى البلاد وكان له معجبين من مختلف الأوساط الثقافية بين أصحاب الاتجاهات الفكرية المتباينة. وذلك لسلاسة عباراته وقوة موهبته الأدبية وتمكنه من اللغة التركية في الشعر والنثر. إضافة إلى كونه أديبا غير مقل وكاتبا وفير الإنتاج. ولم تقلل كثرة إنتاجه القيمة الأدبية فيما يكتبه. وكان إلى جانب ذلك ممتهنا (...) الصحافة، فقد كتب منذ شبابه في صحف ومجلات متعددة. وأصدر صحيفته المشهورة "الشرق العظيم" لمدة تزيد على الثلاثين عاما. وأنشأ دار نشر بنفس الاسم، أصدر منه كتبه التي بلغ عددها مائة كتاب تقريبا. فإنه بالإضافة إلى كونه شاعرا يصدر الدواوين كان يؤلف القصص والروايات والمسرحيات والآثار الفكرية والأخلاقية والسياسية. ولقد عاش حتى سن الثلاثين من عمره حياة وصفها بأنها "بوهيمية" لم يتمكن خلالها من التخلص من الفراغ الروحي. ثم تأثر بالعالم المتصوف المشهور في وقته عبد الحكيم أرواسي الذي التقى به في تلك المرحلة. وخضع بذلك لتحول فكري جذري، وتبنى الفكر الإسلامي. بعد هذه المرحلة كان هدفه في جميع منتجاته الأدبية المتنوعة هو الدفاع بشجاعة عن معتقداته وأفكاره. ولم يتردد بصفته معارضا في توجيه انتقادات علنية لرجال الدولة في ذلك الوقت. وبسبب كفاحه الذي قام به في هذا السبيل تعرض لملاحقات قانونية، وسجن مرات عديدة. كانت أنشطته الأدبية في أساسها نضالا فكريا لا ينفك عنه، واستمر في مساره هذا حتى وفاته. جميع هذه الخصائص جعلته يحتل مكانة مرموقة بصفته أديبا في أوساط عديدة. ما زال نجيب فاضل مع موقعه العظيم في الأدب التركي شبه مغمور لدى القارئ العربي، ويشكر الباحثون العرب على أبحاثهم ومقالاتهم القيمة التي تناولت الشاعر من النواحي المختلفة، ورغم ذلك لم يتم بعد تعريف القارئ العربي بأعماله على مستوى يستحقه. قد يُعدّ المؤثر الأساسي في ذلك ضعف أنشطة الترجمة من التركية إلى العربية. ولكن بالنظر إلى وجود كتب مترجمة إلى العربية لأدباء أتراك آخرين يمكن إدراك النقص الواقع بخصوص أعمال نجيب فاضل. ما زال إنتاجه الكثير ثروة غنية للمهتمين بترجمة الأعمال الأدبية إلى العربية. وقد سعينا جاهدين لأجل ترجمة بعض أشعار نجيب فاضل من ديوانه "المحنة" نظما، موافقا لأسلوب الشعر العمودي. وترجمنا الأشعار نفسها نثرا مع شرح بسيط وتحليل مختصر تسهيلا للإحاطة بمعانيها. راجين أن نكون ممن يساهم في ترجمة المتون الأدبية التركية إلى العربية. (shrink)

This article has been designed in the context of the religious education needs of parents with orthopedically disabled children and their views on the content and method of this religious education. The aim of the study is to reveal the religious education needs of parents with orthopedically disabled children and their views on the content and method of religious education from a descriptive point of view. In this study, one of the qualitative research methods case study was preferred. The study (...) group consists of 20 parents determined by the maximum diversity sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods. The data were analyzed by coding according to the themes and titles determined in the context of the problematic of the study with the descriptive analysis method. As a result of the study, it was determined that parents need religious education based on the opinions of the parents. Parents suggested that the content of religious education for them could be in the form of the convenience in which religion provides for the disabled, the place of disability in religion, the test and the contribution of belief in the hereafter to the disabled. Parents think that it would be beneficial to provide them with religious education by preparing books and brochures on disability and by organizing religious education programs at home and in rehabilitation center. (shrink)

This paper introduces a continuum microelectromagnetic theory (also called micromorphic electromagnetic theory), to discuss electromagnetic phenomena in bodies with microstructures. Balance laws of microelectromagnetic media of the first-grade are given. Constitutive equations are developed. The field equations are obtained . It has been shown that, this theory gives rise to several new vector and tensor waves. A theorem of conservation of energy (Poynting type) is proved. Dispersion relations are obtained for both vector and tensor waves. Relations of tensor waves to (...) microscopic phenomena (such as spin waves) are discussed. (shrink)

In Turkey, the numbers of studies that deal with agriculture and food as a system and process, and that address the issue with an integrated approach are very limited. Besides, there is no empirical study available in the national literature in which agricultural and food system has been analyzed within the framework of applied ethics. The present study aims to investigate the characteristics of food and agricultural engineers and veterinary physicians in terms of their tendency to carry out ethical evaluations (...) when faced with issues falling under the field of agriculture and food ethics, and detect their capacity to identify ethical problems.A cross-sectional survey was employed in this study. Descriptive statistics like percentages and frequencies based on the scores from the scale were used. Data were collected via survey method from three occupational groups, namely, food and agricultural engineers and veterinary physicians working in 12 regions of Turkey, and analyzed using chi-square and score test. A total of 865 professionals from 55 different cities participated in the study. Data concerning participants’ level of ethics awareness regarding the identification and evaluation of ethical problems in the fields of food and agriculture were obtained. While the participating professionals could easily detect the problems in food and agriculture system that carried no ethical dilemma, they had difficulty in identifying issues that involved ethical dilemmas. It was also revealed that there was a significant difference between professionals in terms of their perception of ethical problems, demonstrating the need for a comprehensive ethics education to be imparted during and after under-graduate. (shrink)

Studies on the contributions made to the Arabic language and literature during the Ottoman period generally focused on the Arabic language grammar and rhetoric education given by the Ottomans in the madrasahs. However, it is seen that Ottoman scholars also produced some works in the field of Arabic poetry. In the mentioned period, the studies in the field of Arabic poetry and literature have been increasing in recent years. In this study, a poet, a recitation scholar and an Ottoman Pasha, (...) Köprülü Abdullah Pasha, who was a member of the Köprülü family, who made his mark on the Ottoman administration and served both the science and the state, and who wrote an Arabic divan, and the content of his poetry divan were examined. The poet's divan is in manuscript form in various libraries. There is no study on Abdullah Pasha's poetry and his manuscript. Due to Abdullah Pasha's family, he received a good education, served in the geographies where the Arabs lived, especially when he was the governor in Egypt, he benefited from the al-Azhar scholars and wrote poems about the subjects discussed in classical Arabic literature. It is thought that such studies will also contribute to the studies against the claims that Arabic collapsed during the Ottoman period. (shrink)

Although the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century was a period of intense political and financial events, it was a time when important legal studies were carried out, sheikhulislams produced impressive works and the number of madrasas increased. One of the important figures who produced remarkable works in this period is Bâlîzâde Mustafa Efendi, who is the subject of this study. Bâlîzâde Mustafa Efendi rose to the position of sheikhulislam after serving as a muderris, qadi and high judicial posts such (...) as both Rumeli and Anatolian Qasasker. During the six months he served as the ninth sheikhulislam of the reign of Sultan Mehmed IV, he was dismissed because he could not adapt to the policies of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, the grand vizier of the period. During his tenure, it is recorded that he did not intervene in various incidents between the palace, state officials and the public, nor was he involved in any factionalisation. Bâlîzâde Mustafa Efendi stands out as one of the most prolific authors among the sheikhulislams of his time. He wrote detailed works on fiqh, especially on the Hanafi sect, and he also wrote valuable works in the fields of rhetoric, hadith methodology and tafsir, and treated the important books of the period in a way that the public could understand. With these works, he is recognised as a scholar who left his mark on his period thanks to his scientific depth and broad vision. This study aims to introduce the scholarly personality and works of Bâlîzâde Mustafa Efendi, one of the 17th century sheikhulislams. Firstly, information about his life, family and foundation will be given, and then the findings reached as a result of the analyses of his works will be presented. (shrink)

This study aims to bring to light a tafsir (exegesis) leaflet which belongs to Jamâl-i Khalwatî (d. 899/1494) who lived in 17th century and became famous with the name “Çelebi Halife”. Jamâl-i Khalwatî, who lived in the time of 2nd Bayezid and who was a versatile scholar, wrote many books on Islamic sufism, tafsir and hadith. The work called Kitâbu al-Nûriyya ve Kawkabu al-Durriyya, which is the subject of this study, is a tafsir leaflet in which the author basically deals (...) with the exegesis of the verse 24/35 (Surah al-Nur) and makes evaluations on some points that he considered important. This leaflet, in which characteristics of Ishari tafsir can be seen, forms a remarkable part of the literature composed in time within the context of the mentioned verse. The verified publication was made on the basis of the five attained versions of the work. In the study, firstly some information about Jamâl-i Khalwatî’s life and works are given, the characterization of the versions that were taken as the base for verification and the method used are specified and the text is given after a short evaluation about the content of the work. (shrink)