Results for 'D. Instance'

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  1.  26
    A propos de la crise de 1962 au cameroun, faire de l'histoire socio-politologique: Socio-analyse et histoire analysee d'un conflit de pouvoir.D'une Crise L'analyse Historique, Politique Entre Sociologie des Circonstances Et & Sociologie des Instances - 1998 - Polis 6 (2).
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  2. Communities and Their Universities: The Challenge of Lifelong Learning.J. Elliott, H. Francis, R. Humphreys & D. Instance - 1997 - British Journal of Educational Studies 45 (2):219-220.
     
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  3.  60
    Multiple Instances and Multiple 'Instances'.D. Davies - 2010 - British Journal of Aesthetics 50 (4):411-426.
    The distinction between singular and multiple artworks is usually drawn modally in terms of the notion of an ‘instance’ of a work. Singular works, it is claimed, can only have a single instance, whereas multiple works allow of more than one instance. But this is enlightening only if we have a clear idea of what is meant by an ‘instance’. I argue that there are two different notions of a work's ‘instances’ in play in the literature (...)
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  4.  96
    The logic of instance ontology.D. W. Mertz - 1999 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 28 (1):81-111.
    An ontology's theory of ontic predication has implications for the concomitant predicate logic. Remarkable in its analytic power for both ontology and logic is the here developed Particularized Predicate Logic (PPL), the logic inherent in the realist version of the doctrine of unit or individuated predicates. PPL, as axiomatized and proven consistent below, is a three-sorted impredicative intensional logic with identity, having variables ranging over individuals x, intensions R, and instances of intensions $R_{i}$ . The power of PPL is illustrated (...)
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  5.  45
    An instance theory of attention and memory.Gordon D. Logan - 2002 - Psychological Review 109 (2):376-400.
  6.  25
    From instance-level constraints to space-level constraints: Making the most of prior knowledge in data clustering.Dan Klein & Christopher D. Manning - unknown
    We present an improved method for clustering in the presence of very limited supervisory information, given as pairwise instance constraints. By allowing instance-level constraints to have spacelevel inductive implications, we are able to successfully incorporate constraints for a wide range of data set types. Our method greatly improves on the previously studied constrained -means algorithm, generally requiring less than half as many constraints to achieve a given accuracy on a range of real-world data, while also being more robust (...)
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  7.  30
    Instance-of-object-kind representations.Sandeep Prasada & D. Geoffrey Hall - 2019 - Cognition 189 (C):209-220.
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  8.  32
    3. Instance vs. Classic Ontology: Intensions and Unification.D. W. Mertz - 2016 - In On the Elements of Ontology: Attribute Instances and Structure. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 126-166.
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  9.  18
    2. Instance vs. Classic Ontology: Individuation and Adherence.D. W. Mertz - 2016 - In On the Elements of Ontology: Attribute Instances and Structure. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 72-125.
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  10. (1 other version)Toward an Instance Theory of Automatization.G. D. Logan - 1987 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25 (5):342-342.
  11. Individuation and instance ontology.D. W. Mertz - 2001 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 79 (1):45 – 61.
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  12.  20
    On the Elements of Ontology: Attribute Instances and Structure.D. W. Mertz - 2016 - Boston: De Gruyter.
    Central to Elements is an assay of the attributional union properties and relations have with their subjects, a topic historically left metaphorical. The work critiques eight Aristotelian assumptions concerning attribute dependence and ‘inherence’, per se subjects, attributes as agent-organizers, and unity-by-a-shared-one. Groups of these assumptions are seen to yield contradiction, vicious regress, or other problems. This analysis, joined with insights from an assay of ubiquitous structure, motivate ten theses explicating attribution and its primary ontic status. The theses detail: attributes proper (...)
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  13.  70
    On Instances.E. D. Phillips - 1934 - Analysis 1 (4):60 - 61.
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  14. What a difference a name makes : Two instances of african-american popular music.D. Brackett - 2003 - In Martin Clayton, Trevor Herbert & Richard Middleton, The Cultural Study of Music: A Critical Introduction. Routledge.
  15.  20
    Use of negative instances in conjunctive concept identification.Irwin D. Nahinsky & Frank L. Slaymaker - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 84 (1):64.
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  16.  23
    Metaphysics as the Search for Paradigmatic Instances.Raymond D. Boisvert - 1992 - Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 28 (2):189 - 202.
  17.  66
    Note on instances of invalid elementary argument forms.Nancy D. Simco - 1973 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 11 (1-2):149-150.
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  18.  8
    L'instance du sacré: essai de fondation des sciences sociales.Farhad Khosrokhavar - 2001 - Paris: Cerf.
    Une tentative d'élaboration d'un statut du sujet qui fonde les sciences sociales, en y incluant la dimension religieuse.
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  19.  46
    Aspects of the properties of formulations in natural conversations: Some instances analysed.J. C. Heritage & D. R. Watson - 1980 - Semiotica 30 (3-4).
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  20. Les instances d'éthique en droit comparé.Christian Byk - 1990 - Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie 88:215-230.
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  21.  53
    Simulation, theory-theory and cognitive penetration: No 'instance of the fingerpost'.John D. Greenwood - 1999 - Mind and Language 14 (1):32-56.
    In this paper it is argued that studies involving subjects who attempt to verbally predict the outcome of experiments concerning unexpected and surprising psychological processes do not constitute a critical test of simulation theories. The failure of ‘observer‐subjects’ to predict the outcome of such experiments does not demonstrate that their anticipatory abilities are ‘cognitively penetrable’ and thus based upon theory, as Nichols, Stich, Leslie and Klein (1996) maintain. This is because such studies are based upon the doubtful assumption that our (...)
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  22.  20
    The Weibull distribution, the power law, and the instance theory of automaticity.Gordon D. Logan - 1995 - Psychological Review 102 (4):751-756.
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  23.  9
    Resampling of hypotheses after negative instances.Irwin D. Nahinsky, Rebecca L. Hollyfield & David E. Oeschger - 1975 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 6 (5):520-522.
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  24. Process structural realism, instance ontology, and societal order.Joseph Earley - 2008 - In Franz Riffert and Hans-Joachim Sander, Rearching with Whitehead: System and Adventure. Alber. pp. 190-211.
    Whitehead’s cosmology centers on the self-creation of actual occasions that perish as they come to be, but somehow do combine to constitute societies that are persistent agents and/or patients. “Instance Ontology” developed by D.W. Mertz concerns unification of relata into facts of relatedness by specific intensions. These two conceptual systems are similar in that they both avoid the substance-property distinction: they differ in their understanding of how basic units combine to constitute complex unities. “Process Structural Realism” (PSR) draws from (...)
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  25.  22
    Three Surprising Instances of Dividing.Gabriel Conant & Alex Kruckman - forthcoming - Journal of Symbolic Logic:1-20.
    We give three counterexamples to the folklore claim that in an arbitrary theory, if a complete type p over a set B does not divide over $C\subseteq B$, then no extension of p to a complete type over $\operatorname {acl}(B)$ divides over C. Two of our examples are also the first known theories where all sets are extension bases for nonforking, but forking and dividing differ for complete types (answering a question of Adler). One example is an $\mathrm {NSOP}_1$ theory (...)
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  26. Negative causation in causal and mechanistic explanation.D. Benjamin Barros - 2013 - Synthese 190 (3):449-469.
    Instances of negative causation—preventions, omissions, and the like—have long created philosophical worries. In this paper, I argue that concerns about negative causation can be addressed in the context of causal explanation generally, and mechanistic explanation specifically. The gravest concern about negative causation is that it exacerbates the problem of causal promiscuity—that is, the problem that arises when a particular account of causation identifies too many causes for a particular effect. In the explanatory context, the problem of promiscuity can be solved (...)
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  27. The case for intrinsic theory IV: An argument from how conscious mental-occurrence instances seem.Thomas Natsoulas - 1999 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 20 (3):257-276.
    More consistently than Aron Gurwitsch, whose intrinsic account of consciousness4 was the topic of the previous two articles of the present series, David Woodruff Smith maintains that, within any objectivating act that is its object, inner awareness is inextricably interwoven with the outer awareness that is involved in the act. I begin here an examination of arguments Woodruff Smith proffers pro an understanding of inner awareness as intrinsic. However, in the present article, I give attention only to one of his (...)
     
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  28. The Quantum Self.D. Zohar & I. N. Marshall - 1990 - Morrow.
    In The Quantum Self, Danah Zohar argues that the insights of modem physics can illuminate our understanding of everyday life -- our relationships to ourselves, to others, and to the world at large. Guiding us through the strange and fascinating workings of the subatomic realm to create a new model of human consciousness, the author addresses enduring philosophical questions. Does the new physics provide a basis by which our consciousness might continue beyond death? How does the material world (for (...), ugly inner cities) impinge upon our sense of self? Is there a subatomic wellspring from which our creativity, our empathy with others, and our feelings of unity with the inanimate world originate?Most important, Zohar shows how the vitality of the new physics combats the alienation and fragmentation of twentieth-century life, and replaces it with a model of reality in which the universe itself may possess a type of consciousness, of which human consciousness is one expression. (shrink)
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  29.  33
    Paraconsistent Logics and Translations.Itala M. Loffredo D’Ottaviano & Hércules de Araújo Feitosa - 2000 - Synthese 125 (1-2):77-95.
    In 1999, da Silva, D'Ottaviano and Sette proposed a general definition for the term translation between logics and presented an initial segment of its theory. Logics are characterized, in the most general sense, as sets with consequence relations and translations between logics as consequence-relation preserving maps. In a previous paper the authors introduced the concept of conservative translation between logics and studied some general properties of the co-complete category constituted by logics and conservative translations between them. In this paper we (...)
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  30. Perceptual consciousness and intensional transitive verbs.Justin D’Ambrosio & Daniel Stoljar - 2023 - Philosophical Studies 180 (12):3301-3322.
    There is good reason to think that, in every case of perceptual consciousness, there is something of which we are conscious; but there is also good reason to think that, in some cases of perceptual consciousness—for instance, hallucinations—there is nothing of which we are conscious. This paper resolves this inconsistency—which we call the presentation problem—by (a) arguing that ‘conscious of’ and related expressions function as intensional transitive verbs and (b) defending a particular semantic approach to such verbs, on which (...)
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  31.  48
    Paraconsistent Logics and Translations.Itala M. Loffredo D'Ottaviano & Hércules de A. Feitosa - 2000 - Synthese 125 (1/2):77 - 95.
    In 1999, da Silva, D'Ottaviano and Sette proposed a general definition for the term translation between logics and presented an initial segment of its theory. Logics are characterized, in the most general sense, as sets with consequence relations and translations between logics as consequence-relation preserving maps. In a previous paper the authors introduced the concept of conservative translation between logics and studied some general properties of the co-complete category constituted by logics and conservative translations between them. In this paper we (...)
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  32.  85
    Are withholding and withdrawing therapy always morally equivalent?D. P. Sulmasy & J. Sugarman - 1994 - Journal of Medical Ethics 20 (4):218-224.
    Many medical ethicists accept the thesis that there is no moral difference between withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy. In this paper, we offer an interesting counterexample which shows that this thesis is not always true. Withholding is distinguished from withdrawing by the simple fact that therapy must have already been initiated in order to speak coherently about withdrawal. Provided that there is a genuine need and that therapy is biomedically effective, the historical fact that therapy has been initiated entails a (...)
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  33. Infinite regress arguments and the problem of universals.D. Armstrong - 1974 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 52 (3):191 – 201.
    What is it for a particular to have a property? many proposed analyses of this situation may be called relational accounts. The particular has some relation, R, To some entity p. R may be the relation of falling under, Being a member of, Resembling or "participating." p may be a predicate, A concept, A class, A paradigm instance or a form. A number of arguments seek to prove that all these accounts are involved in various vicious infinite regresses. These (...)
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  34. Against Bare Particulars A Response to Moreland and Pickavance.D. W. Mertz - 2003 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 81 (1):14-20.
    In a recent article [Mertz 2001] in this journal I argued for the virtues of a realist ontology of relation instances (unit attributes). A major strength of this ontology is an assay of ontic ('material') predication that yields an account of individuation without the necessity of positing and defending 'bare particulars'. The crucial insight is that it is the unifying agency or combinatorial aspect of a relation instance as predicable that is for ontology the principium individuationis [Mertz 2002; 1996]. (...)
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  35. Skepticism About Moral Responsibility.Gregg D. Caruso - 2018 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2018):1-81.
    Skepticism about moral responsibility, or what is more commonly referred to as moral responsibility skepticism, refers to a family of views that all take seriously the possibility that human beings are never morally responsible for their actions in a particular but pervasive sense. This sense is typically set apart by the notion of basic desert and is defined in terms of the control in action needed for an agent to be truly deserving of blame and praise. Some moral responsibility skeptics (...)
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  36. What is a correspondence theory of truth?D. Patterson - 2003 - Synthese 137 (3):421 - 444.
    It is often thought that instances of the T-schema such as snow is white is true if and only if snow is white state correspondences between sentences andthe world, and that therefore such sentences play a crucial role in correspondence theories oftruth. I argue that this assumption trivializes the correspondence theory: even a disquotationaltheory of truth would be a correspondence theory on this conception. This discussionallows one to get clearer about what a correspondence theory does claim, and toward the end (...)
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  37. Trust, Well-being and the Community of Philosophical Inquiry.Laura D'Olimpio - 2015 - He Kupu 4 (2):45-57.
    Trust is vital for individuals to flourish and have a sense of well-being in their community. A trusting society allows people to feel safe, communicate with each other and engage with those who are different to themselves without feeling fearful. In this paper I employ an Aristotelian framework in order to identify trust as a virtue and I defend the need to cultivate trust in children. I discuss the case study of Buranda State School in Queensland, Australia as an (...) of successful school reform that reinstates trust in an educational setting. Buranda makes use of the community of inquiry (CoI) pedagogy practiced by advocates of philosophy for children (P4C). Educators may create a safe space in the classroom by using the CoI and giving children the chance to voice their ideas and build upon, as well as question, those of others in a democratic and respectful manner. Through this pragmatic dialogue, trust may be established, along with a sense of belonging that supports well-being in the classroom as well as in life. (shrink)
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  38. The Neuropsychological Basis of Religions, or Why God Won't Go Away.Eugene G. D'Aquili & Andrew B. Newberg - 1998 - Zygon 33 (2):187-201.
    By the end of the eighteenth century, the intellectual elite generally believed that religion would soon vanish because of the advent of the Higher Criticism and the scientific method. However, two hundred years later, religions and the concept of God have not gone away and, in many instances, appear to be gaining in strength. This paper considers the neuropsychological basis of religion and religious concepts and tries to develop an understanding of why religion does not go away so easily. In (...)
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  39.  88
    Diseño y emprendimiento en ecosistemas socio culturales, económicos y espaciales.Enrique D'Amico & Federico Del Giorgio Solfa - 2024 - In Liliana Beatríz Sosa Compeán, Sonia Guadalupe Rivera Castillo, Sofía Alejandra Luna Rodríguez & Marta Nydia Molina González, Diseño moviendo al mundo. Interacciones, interrelaciones, interconexiones. Nuevo León: Labyrinthos editores - Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. pp. 137-157.
    This chapter deals with the ways in which entrepreneurships driven by industrial design and the strategies for interconnecting design for innovation are articulated. In the first instance, current practices are recognized in order to analyze the different processes that entrepreneurial dynamics go through. This analysis is carried out from a systemic perspective, at three levels of abstraction: designer, entrepreneurship and ecosystem. The theoretical and conceptual framework will be structured based on the innovations driven by design, which occur around the (...)
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  40. In defence of a humanistically oriented historiography: the nature/culture distinction at the time of the Anthropocene.Giuseppina D'Oro - 2020 - In Jouni Matt-Kuukkanen, Philosophy of History: Twenty-First-Century Perspectives. Bloomsbury. Bloomsbury. pp. 216-236.
    “Do Anthropocene narratives confuse an important distinction between the natural and the historical past?” asks Giuseppina D’Oro. D’Oro defends the view that the concept of the historical past is sui generis and distinct from that of the geological past against a new, Anthropocene-inspired challenge to the possibility of a humanistically oriented historiography. She argues that the historical past is not a short segment of geological time, the time of the human species on Earth, but the past investigated from the perspective (...)
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  41.  95
    Proper names in early word learning: Rethinking a theoretical account of lexical development.D. Geoffrey Hall - 2009 - Mind and Language 24 (4):404-432.
    There is evidence that children learn both proper names and count nouns from the outset of lexical development. Furthermore, children's first proper names are typically words for people, whereas their first count nouns are commonly terms for other objects, including artifacts. I argue that these facts represent a challenge for two well-known theoretical accounts of object word learning. I defend an alternative account, which credits young children with conceptual resources to acquire words for both individual objects and object categories, and (...)
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  42. Powers and Faden's Concept of Self-Determination and What It Means to 'Achieve' Well-Being in Their Theory of Social Justice.D. S. Silva - 2013 - Public Health Ethics 6 (1):35-44.
    Powers and Faden argue that social justice ‘is concerned with securing and maintaining the social conditions necessary for a sufficient level of well-being in all of its essential dimensions for everyone’ (2006: 50). Moreover, social justice is concerned with the ‘achievement of well-being, not the freedom or capability to achieve well-being’ (p. 40). Although Powers and Faden note that an agent alone cannot achieve well-being without the necessary social conditions of life (e.g. equal civil liberties and basic material resources, such (...)
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  43.  75
    Extending epigenesis: from phenotypic plasticity to the bio-cultural feedback.Paolo D’Ambrosio & Ivan Colagè - 2017 - Biology and Philosophy 32 (5):705-728.
    The paper aims at proposing an extended notion of epigenesis acknowledging an actual causal import to the phenotypic dimension for the evolutionary diversification of life forms. “Introductory remarks” section offers introductory remarks on the issue of epigenesis contrasting it with ancient and modern preformationist views. In “Transmutation of forms: phenotypic variation, diversification, and complexification” section we propose to intend epigenesis as a process of phenotypic formation and diversification dependent on environmental influences, independent of changes in the genomic nucleotide sequence, and (...)
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  44.  71
    Intuitionistic Completeness and Classical Logic.D. C. McCarty - 2002 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 43 (4):243-248.
    We show that, if a suitable intuitionistic metatheory proves that consistency implies satisfiability for subfinite sets of propositional formulas relative either to standard structures or to Kripke models, then that metatheory also proves every negative instance of every classical propositional tautology. Since reasonable intuitionistic set theories such as HAS or IZF do not demonstrate all such negative instances, these theories cannot prove completeness for intuitionistic propositional logic in the present sense.
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  45.  62
    Robert Hooke's Methodology of Science as exemplified in his ‘Discourse of Earthquakes’.D. R. Oldroyd - 1972 - British Journal for the History of Science 6 (2):109-130.
    A number of authors have drawn attention to the contributions to geology of Robert Hooke, and it has been pointed out that in several ways his ideas were more advanced than those of Steno, who is sometimes taken to be the founder of geology as a scientific discipline. Moreover, it has been argued that in a number of instances Hooke should receive the credit for ideas which are usually believed to have originated in the work of James Hutton. This recognition (...)
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  46.  57
    Contrasting approaches to a theory of learning.Timothy D. Johnston - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (1):125-139.
    The general process view of learning, which guided research into learning for the first half of this century, has come under attack in recent years from several quarters. One form of criticism has come from proponents of the so-called biological boundaries approach to learning. These theorists have presented a variety of data showing that supposedly general laws of learning may in fact be limited in their applicability to different species and learning tasks, and they argue that the limitations are drawn (...)
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  47.  44
    On Theorems of Gödel and Kreisel: Completeness and Markov's Principle.D. C. McCarty - 1994 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 35 (1):99-107.
    In 1957, Gödel proved that completeness for intuitionistic predicate logic HPL implies forms of Markov's Principle, MP. The result first appeared, with Kreisel's refinements and elaborations, in Kreisel. Featuring large in the Gödel-Kreisel proofs are applications of the axiom of dependent choice, DC. Also in play is a form of Herbrand's Theorem, one allowing a reduction of HPL derivations for negated prenex formulae to derivations of negations of conjunctions of suitable instances. First, we here show how to deduce Gödel's results (...)
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  48.  11
    What would Plato think?: 200+ philosophical questions that could change your life.D. E. Wittkower - 2022 - New York: Adams Media.
    Inside What Would Plato Do?, you'll find the basics of philosophy, written in an easy, digestible way we can all understand, along with questions to help you apply these important theories to your own life. So, after you've learned about a philosophical concept, you'll then be challenged to test yourself and see how the results can impact your daily life. For instance, after learning about Kant's theory of morality and the importance of intention you're challenged with questions like: Can (...)
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  49.  83
    Hume's Missing Shade of Blue, Interpreted as Involving Habitual Spectra.D. M. Johnson - 1984 - Hume Studies 10 (2):109-124.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:109 HUME'S MISSING SHADE OF BLUE, INTERPRETED AS INVOLVING HABITUAL SPECTRA David Hume claimed that his hypothetical case of the unseen shade of blue posed no fundamental problem to his general empiricist principle. But I believe it well may show exactly what he denied it showed — viz., that his empiricism rests on a mistake. Hume says: Suppose... a person to have enjoyed his sight for thirty years, and (...)
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  50. B is innocent.D. Gregory - 2001 - Analysis 61 (3):225-229.
    The paper replies to an earlier paper by Yannis Stephanou, who presented an argument purportedly showing the falsity of certain instances of the characteristic axiom of the modal logic B. The paper argues that the B axiom was not to blame for the unsoundness of Stephanou's argument.
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