La presente exposición es una reflexión sobre los conceptos de “sociedad de control” y “revolución” con el fin de responder una pregunta básica: ¿Cómo resistir al control? Es ante todo una reflexión ética sobre la sociedad y las posibilidades prácticas, micropolíticas, de nuestra acción en ella. Se describe, en un primer momento, qué es una sociedad de control y sus dispositivos de seguridad a nivel político y económico; luego se reflexiona en torno a los procesos sociales revolucionarios, dando un concepto (...) de revolución; y se finaliza mostrando, en líneas generales, lo que constituiría una ética de la resistencia. Los autores que servirán de base teórica de la misma serán Foucault, Deleuze y Guattari. (shrink)

1. Einleitung 2. Das Berühren im Buch Θ der Metaphysik 3. Berühren und praktisches Zu-tun-haben-mit 4. Der dreifache Sinn von Zeigen und die Wahrheit 5. Das Leiben. Anknüpfung zu dem späten Heidegger Bibliographie.

This study suggests a new approach to EEG data classification by exploring the idea of using evolutionary computation to both select useful discriminative EEG features and optimise the topology of Artificial Neural Networks. An evolutionary algorithm is applied to select the most informative features from an initial set of 2550 EEG statistical features. Optimisation of a Multilayer Perceptron is performed with an evolutionary approach before classification to estimate the best hyperparameters of the network. Deep learning and tuning with Long Short-Term (...) Memory are also explored, and Adaptive Boosting of the two types of models is tested for each problem. Three experiments are provided for comparison using different classifiers: one for attention state classification, one for emotional sentiment classification, and a third experiment in which the goal is to guess the number a subject is thinking of. The obtained results show that an Adaptive Boosted LSTM can achieve an accuracy of 84.44%, 97.06%, and 9.94% on the attentional, emotional, and number datasets, respectively. An evolutionary-optimised MLP achieves results close to the Adaptive Boosted LSTM for the two first experiments and significantly higher for the number-guessing experiment with an Adaptive Boosted DEvo MLP reaching 31.35%, while being significantly quicker to train and classify. In particular, the accuracy of the nonboosted DEvo MLP was of 79.81%, 96.11%, and 27.07% in the same benchmarks. Two datasets for the experiments were gathered using a Muse EEG headband with four electrodes corresponding to TP9, AF7, AF8, and TP10 locations of the international EEG placement standard. The EEG MindBigData digits dataset was gathered from the TP9, FP1, FP2, and TP10 locations. (shrink)

This article examines a specific case of lying, at the same time judicial and mediatic, promoted from the highest levels of political power, the Leon Trotsky case, from the perspective of the work done by the International Commission of Investigation chaired by the American philosopher John Dewey. After a general justification and contextualization of the subject, and a historical account of the events that surrounded the “Moscow Trials” and the constitution of the Dewey Commission, some of the reasons why the (...) commission concluded that such processes had been judicial assemblies are reported. It closes with a reference to the way Dewey later denounced the media falsification of these events through the book Mission to Moscow. (shrink)

Perkins, Patricio Agustín.“La rela-ción filosófica entre Husserl y Avenarius en Problemas fundamentales de la fenomenología.” _Diánoia_ 59.72 (2014): 25-48.

O presente artigo insere-se no contexto das reflexões sobre a prática de ensino em Filosofia e como esta viabiliza a efetivação da identidade da disciplina de Filosofia e do papel do professor na ação educativa. A pesquisa bibliográfica, com levantamento de literatura e aproximações entre teóricos da educação em filosofia, objetivou delinear as relações entre os pressupostos filosóficos da educação no ensino de Filosofia, as implicações da Historicidade da Filosofia no seu ensino, sinalizando o ensino de filosofia como investigação, ou (...) seja, capacitando o discente para investigar a realidade. A pesquisa também apresenta os apontamentos da pedagogia histórico-crítica, como possibilidade para o ensino de filosofia na busca da educação para a emancipação do sujeito. O alcance dos objetivos levou-nos a conclusão da pesquisa, apresentando horizontes para a efetivação da identidade da disciplina de Filosofia na educação básica, visando à emancipação dos sujeitos da prática educativa. (shrink)

The publication of the revised edition of Jeff Malpas’s Place and Experience in 2018 gives the opportunity to reconsider this book (originally published in 1999) and the debates that it originally sparked. In this article, I focus on Malpas’s characterization of space as subjective, allocentric, and objective and I approach them in conjunction with other notions and considerations that, I suggest, are useful to expand and complement Malpas’s central theses. I approach the concept of subjective space in conjunction with the (...) notion of coenaesthesis and with Heidegger’s notion of mineness (Jemeinigkeit); the concept of allocentric space by addressing Malpas’s critique of Nagel’s notion of detachment; and the concept of objective space through a discussion of the issue of perspective in light of Merleau-Ponty’s critique of Leibniz’s notion of ‘géométral’ (geometrized projection). These analyses pave the way for a discussion of some possible normative implications of the conception of place and subjectivity that emerges from Malpas’s Place and Experience against the background of Heidegger’s thought, and particularly in relation to Heidegger’s notion of dwelling (Wohnen). (shrink)

Este articulo investiga el cada vez más frecuente fenómeno de las intervenciones internacionales noviolentas para la transformación de conflictos y, en concreto, analiza los efectos que pueden tener dichas intervenciones sobre la protección y el empoderamiento de los activistas de derechos humanos que viven en situaciones de riesgo por su trabajo en entornos conflictivos altamente violentos. Para ello se situará el contexto en el que han surgido y se han desarrollado estas iniciativas, analizándose los principales elementos que las caracterizan, y (...) se estudiará el caso de la protección que proporciona Peace Brigades International a los defensores de derechos humanos, lo que permitirá extraer conclusiones relativas a las posibilidades que ofrecen las intervenciones internacionales noviolentas a la comunidad internacional en los campos de la prevención de la violencia, la gestión de conflictos y de construcción de la paz. (shrink)

New Realism and Phenomenology: Editor's Introduction.

Nuevos espacios de participación de los afrodescendientes en América y el Caribe.

In this paper, I contend that both Hegel’s and Heidegger’s philosophies can be regarded as attempts to overcome Cartesian subjectivism and to by-pass traditional oppositions between subjectivist and objectivist accounts of the ‘I.’ I explore Hegel’s notion of the ‘I,’ stressing how Hegel takes up Kant’s ‘I-think,’ freeing Kant’s philosophy from its subjectivism. Then, I submit that Heidegger, in the twentieth century, was similarly concerned with the overcoming of subjectivism, and that an analysis of his notion of mineness and its (...) development in the context of Heidegger’s thought can support this argument. Finally, I suggest that Hegel’s and Heidegger’s analyses can be used to elaborate an alternative and more flexible model of the ‘I,’ which avoids individualism, allows thinking of the formation of the self as a collective enterprise, and thus provides the conceptual resources to transform our identity without losing it. (shrink)

Do we really need philosophy? The present collection of jargon-free essays aims at answering the question of why philosophy matters. Each essay considers the central question from different angles: the unavoidability of doing philosophy, the practical consequences of philosophy, philosophy as a therapy for the whole person, the benefits of philosophy for improving public policy, etc.

We extend the construction of bad fields of characteristic zero to the case of arbitrary prescribed divisible green torsion.

Background: The way the death of a dear person is communicated can have a profound impact on the entire bereavement process. The words and expressions that are used to give the tragic news, the characteristics of who communicates it, the physical setting in which the notification is given, the means used (e.g., in person, via phone call, etc.) are just some of the factors that can influence the way survivors face one of the most difficult moments in their lives. Aim: (...) To review the literature on the topic of death notification to verify the state of the art related to this important procedure. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with PRISMA criteria on English-written materials produced from 1966 to 2019. Results: Out of the initial 3,166 titles considered, 65 articles were extracted for this review. Four main themes emerged: 1) protocols and guidelines; 2) emotional reactions of recipients and notifiers; 3) professional figures involved in the notification process; and, 4) types of death. Discussion: The communication of death represents a complex and stressful experience not only for those who receive it but also for those who give it. Alongside the acquisition of a necessary technique and execution methods, the process should involve the selection of notifiers based on personality characteristics and communication styles. Conclusion: Indications for the need of better training and protocols sensitive to different circumstances emerge. Adequate preparation can deeply affect the quality of communication and the effects it produces, both on recipients and on notifiers. In vocational training, more space should be devoted to this demanding task. (shrink)

RESUMEN En sus textos tempranos, Schmitt recurrentemente se dedica a criticar lo que se conoce como “positivismo jurídico”. Su principal objeción, como bien ya se deja ver en Ley y juicio, es que esta teoría se queda en la pura abstracción de los textos jurídicos y no toma en consideración los aspectos concretos de la realidad a la que las categorías normativas se deben aplicar Este trabajo pretende justificar que ya en estos textos tempranos el pensador alemán identifica que uno (...) de los principales problemas del positivismo jurídico radica en el hecho de que se construye sobre la base de una interpretación ontológica del ser humano que resulta inadecuada. En particular, argumentaremos que Schmitt aboga por una comprensión del fenómeno jurídico que se erija sobre la base de la consideración de la existencia humana concreta, lo que importa, a su vez, el reconocimiento de ciertas estructuras fundamentales y originarias que operan en todo conocimiento humano. ABSTRACT In his first legal texts, Schmitt repeatedly engages in criticizing what is known as “legal positivism”'. His main objection, as it is well seen in Law and Judgment, is that this theory remains in the pure abstraction of legal texts and does not take into account the concrete aspects of reality to which the normative categories should apply. This work aims to justify that in those first texts, the German thinker identifies that one of the main issues of legal positivism lies in the fact that it is built based on an inadequate ontological interpretation of the human being. In particular, we will argue that Schmitt defends an understanding of the legal phenomenon that is constructed based on the consideration of concrete human existence, which in turn means the recognition of certain fundamental and original structures that operate in all human knowledge. (shrink)

La recepción durante el siglo XX se preguntó si la filosofía nietzscheana era a-, im- o anti-política, es decir, si podía ser asimilada por la democracia, o si era antimoderna, elitista y reaccionaria. El italiano Roberto Esposito ha propuesto leerla como formando e informando el paradigma de la biopolítica. Se discuten cuatro lecturas de esa biopolítica: como formadora del paradigma de la inmunidad, como tanatopolítica, como liberal y neoliberal, y como biopolítica afirmativa. Twentieth-century readers wondered if Nietzschean philosophy was apolitical, (...) impolitic, or anti-political; that is, if it could be assimilated by democracy or if it was antimodern, elitist, and reactionary. The Italian philosopher Robert Esposito has proposed reading Nietzsche's philosophy as forming and informing the biopolitical paradigm. Four readings of these biopolitics are discussed: as part of the paradigm of immunity, as thanatopolitics, as liberal and neoliberal, and as affirmative biopolitics. (shrink)

Dos desdobramentos freudianos acerca da civilização, questionaremos como, diante da eminencia de um futuro trágico, a indagação de formas alternativas de gozo pode originar uma sociedade menos hostil. Partindo de noções como pulsão de morte, agressividade e Super-Eu, veremos que a racionalização dos afetos não reclama nossa destrutividade. Da antinomia entre Eros e Thanatos, Freud conclama a independência das pulsões agressivas, alegando que a civilização é vivenciada como mal-estar. Assinalando como os desejos do outro estão implicados nos nossos, acentuaremos que (...) a agressividade instaura o Super-Eu, cuja função é impor sobre o Eu a mesma hostilidade que este satisfaria nos outros. Exercendo autoridade interna, o Super-Eu atravessa a subjetividade, indicando que não há nada que não garanta nossa própria catástrofe. Mas se a civilização está edificada sobre o resto da liberdade individual, então talvez a responsabilização pelo desejo permita pensar novas formas de subjetivação e, quiçá, numa sociedade menos hostil. (shrink)

Recently, we have presented data supporting the notion that PIKfyve not only produces the majority of constitutive phosphatidylinositol 5‐phosphate (PtdIns5P) in mammalian cells but that it does so through direct synthesis from PtdIns. Another group, albeit obtaining similar data, suggests an alternative pathway whereby the low‐abundance PtdIns(3,5)P2 undergoes hydrolysis by unidentified 3‐phosphatases, thereby serving as a precursor for most of PtdIns5P. Here, we review the experimental evidence supporting constitutive synthesis of PtdIns5P from PtdIns by PIKfyve. We further emphasize that the (...) experiments presented in support of the alternative pathway are also compatible with a direct mechanism for PIKfyve‐catalyzed synthesis of PtdIns5P. While agreeing with the authors that constitutive PtdIns5P could theoretically be produced from PtdIns(3,5)P2 by 3‐dephosphorylation, we argue that until direct evidence for such an alternative pathway is obtained, we should adhere to the existing experimental evidence and quantitative considerations, which favor direct PIKfyve‐catalyzed synthesis for most constitutive PtdIns5P. (shrink)

A \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\forall\exists!}$$\end{document}-sentence is a sentence of the form \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\forall x_{1}\cdots x_{n}\exists!y_{1}\cdots y_{m}O(\overline{x},\overline{y})}$$\end{document}, where O is a quantifier-free formula, and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\exists!}$$\end{document} stands for “there exist unique”. We prove that if \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathcal{C}}$$\end{document} is (up to isomorphism) a finite class of finite models then \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} (...) \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathcal{C}}$$\end{document} is axiomatizable by a set of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\forall\exists!}$$\end{document}-sentences if and only if \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathcal{C}}$$\end{document} is closed under isomorphic images, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathcal{C}}$$\end{document} has the intersection property, and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathcal{C}}$$\end{document} is closed under fixed-point submodels. This result is employed to characterize the subclasses of finitely generated discriminator varieties axiomatizable by sentences of the form \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\forall\exists!\bigwedge p=q}$$\end{document}. (shrink)

"Diego Marconi analizza in questo saggio alcune tappe fondamentali della riflessione di Wittgenstein, illlustrando i motivi per cui gran parte della discussione filosofica odierna risalga all'esperienza intellettuale del filosofo di Vienna: dal "sapere senza fondamenti" al "pensiero debole", dalla filosofia analitica all'ermeneutica.

In recent years, there has been renewed interest in Pyrrhonism among both philosophers and historians of philosophy. This skeptical tradition is complex and multifaceted, since the Pyrrhonian arguments have been put into the service of different enterprises or been approached in relation to interests which are quite distinct. The diversity of conceptions and uses of Pyrrhonism accounts for the diversity of the challenges it is deemed to pose and of the attempts to meet them. The present volume brings together twelve (...) essays by leading specialists which explore the history and philosophical significance of this form of skepticism: they discuss some thorny questions concerning ancient Pyrrhonism, explore its influence on certain modern thinkers, and examine it in relation to contemporary analytic philosophy. The essays combine historical and exegetical analysis with an assessment of the philosophical merits of the Pyrrhonian outlook, with the aim of understanding it both in its historical context and in connection with contemporary concerns. This volume, the first entirely devoted to a detailed study of the Pyrrhonian tradition, is intended to open up new exegetical and philosophical perspectives on Pyrrhonism and to motivate further examination of certain difficult issues. It will be a valuable resource for scholars of ancient philosophy, historians of modern philosophy, and epistemologists, as well as for graduate students interested in skepticism. (shrink)

En el año 1986 Diego Gracia publicó el libro `Voluntad de verdad: Para leer a Zubiri`, que pronto se consagró como la obra de referencia para una primera introducción al pensamiento del filósofo español. Pero han pasado desde entonces treinta años, las obras publicadas de Zubiri y sobre Zubiri se han multiplicado, su interpretación ha ido evolucionando y el conocimiento sobre él es cada vez más amplio y profundo. Ya no es hora de hacer introducciones a su filosofía sino (...) análisis detallados y críticos de la misma. Eso es lo que Gracia ha intentado en múltiples trabajos sobre el tema publicados en diferentes lugares a lo largo de estas tres décadas (y en algunos que se publican por primera vez aquí). Antonio Pintor-Ramos se ha encargado de revisar todos esos trabajos, seleccionarlos, ordenarlos y formar con ellos el presente volumen, que ha resultado no ser una simple recopilación de textos sino un libro perfectamente organizado y sistemático. Esta obra ofrece, por tanto, una revisión actual del pensamiento de Zubiri, profunda y detallada, que sintetiza las diversas interpretaciones realizadas sobre él a la vez que expone con argumentos la que el propio Gracia asume como suya. (Fuente: Triacastela). (shrink)

This book explores the nature and significance of Pyrrhonism, the most prominent and influential form of skepticism in Western philosophy. Not only did Pyrrhonism play an important part in the philosophical scene of the Hellenistic and Imperial age, but it also had a tremendous impact on Renaissance and modern philosophy and continues to be a topic of lively discussion among both scholars of ancient philosophy and epistemologists. The focus and inspiration of the book is the brand of Pyrrhonism expounded in (...) the extant works of Sextus Empiricus. Its aim is twofold: to offer a critical interpretation of some of the central aspects of Sextus’s skeptical outlook and to examine certain debates in contemporary philosophy from a neo-Pyrrhonian perspective. The first part explores the aim of skeptical inquiry, the defining features of Pyrrhonian argumentation, the epistemic challenge posed by the Modes of Agrippa, and the Pyrrhonist’s stance on the requirements of rationality. The second part focuses on present-day discussions of the epistemic significance of disagreement, the limits of self-knowledge, and the nature of rationality. The book will appeal to researchers and graduate students interested in skepticism. (shrink)

Disagreement is a pervasive feature of human life whose skeptical implications have been emphasized particularly by the ancient Pyrrhonists and by contemporary moral skeptics. Although the connection between disagreement and skepticism is also a focus of analysis in the emerging and burgeoning area of epistemology concerned with the significance of controversy, it has arguably not received the full attention it deserves. The present volume explores for the first time the possible skeptical consequences of disagreement in different areas and from different (...) perspectives, with an emphasis in the current debate over the epistemic impact of disagreement. The thirteen new essays collected here examine the Pyrrhonian approach to disagreement and its relevance to the present epistemological discussions of the topic; the relationship between disagreement and moral realism and antirealism; disagreement-based skeptical arguments in contemporary epistemology; and disagreement and the possibility of philosophical knowledge and justified belief. Given the ever-growing interest in both the significance of disagreement and the challenge of skepticism, this volume makes a new contribution by conjugating two important trends in current philosophical research. (shrink)

South Africa shared with the world the warning of a new strain of SARS-CoV2, Omicron, in November 2021. As a result, many high-income countries (HICs) instituted complete travel bans on persons leaving South Africa and other neighbouring countries. These bans were unnecessary from a scientific standpoint, and they ran counter to the International Health Regulations. In short, South Africa was penalized for sharing data. Data sharing during pandemics is commonly justified by appeals to solidarity. In this paper, we argue that (...) solidarity is, at best, an aspirational ideal to work toward but that it cannot ground an obligation to share data. Instead, low-and-middle income countries (LIMCs) should be guided by the principle of reciprocity, which states that we ought to return good for good received. Reciprocity is necessarily a conditional principle. LMICs, we argue, should only share data during future pandemics on the condition that HICs provide enforceable assurances that the benefits of data sharing will be equitably distributed and that LMICs won’t be penalized for sharing information. (shrink)

John Locke's religious interests and concerns permeate his philosophical production and are best expressed in his later writings on religion, which represent the culmination of his studies. In this volume, Diego Lucci offers a thorough analysis and reassessment of Locke's unique, heterodox, internally coherent version of Protestant Christianity, which emerges from The Reasonableness of Christianity and other public as well as private texts. In order to clarify Locke's views on morality, salvation, and the afterlife, Lucci critically examines Locke's theistic (...) ethics, biblical hermeneutics, reflection on natural and revealed law, mortalism, theory of personal identity, Christology, and tolerationism. While emphasizing the originality of Locke's scripture-based religion, this book calls attention to his influences and explores the reception of his unorthodox theological ideas. Moreover, the book highlights the impact of Locke's natural and biblical theology on other areas of his thought, thus enabling a better understanding of the unity of his work. (shrink)

Este artigo busca encontrar na teoria crítica da racionalidade moderna de Jürgen Habermas (1929-) elementos de uma paideia. O primeiro tópico lança o substrato epistemológico sobre a existência das racionalidades estratégica e comunicativa. O segundo, afirma que o desengate entre o sistema e o mundo da vida, e a colonização deste por aquele, causam as patologias modernas e colaboram para a formulação de pedagogias coordenadas pela ação estratégica. O terceiro, propõe que o reacoplamento do sistema ao mundo vivido proporciona que (...) todas as dimensões da existência humana sejam orientadas pela ação comunicativa, na qual se encontram os traços de uma paideia emancipadora e revolucionária. (shrink)

En América Latina, las teologías han estado atentas a lo socio-económico, las identidades, la espiritualidad. Hoy también se considera el genero, la ecología, el diálogo entre culturas y entre religiones. Nos preguntamos ¿cómo ocurre la salvación en Cristo? Se retoman reflexiones andinas de Vicenta Mamani, Domingo Llanque, Víctor Bascope. La cosmovisión indígena y mestiza plantea, por ejemplo, cómo creer en el Dios de la Vida y no creer en ídolos del mercado. Subrayo que las culturas sean tratadas, no como esencias, (...) sino más bien como procesos históricos en medio de los cuales la comunidad cree y ama. En cuanto a lo intercultural, no es un tema de moda, sino más bien un polílogo entre comunidades humanas. Esto ocurre en contextos asimétricos; por eso la propuesta de liberación busca la correlación entre pueblos. En la teología latinoamericana, luego de los pasos dados en la inculturación, se ha comenzado a ver el desafío intercultural. (shrink)