El ensayo consta de tres partes: en la primera, se establece una breve genealogía de la afinidad entre el nacimiento de la Filosofía de la historia y la noción de Progreso. En la segunda, se extraen algunas consecuencias políticas del hecho de que la idea de Progreso se tradujera como pura aceleración del tiempo histórico. Finalmente, se problematiza la idea de la muerte del Tiempo en tanto efecto postmoderno de la aceleración del Progreso. Y se realiza una crítica a las (...) prácticas políticas que, tras la postmodernidad, volvieron a destacar las relaciones entre experiencia histórica y eficacia racional, sustituyendo los ideales emancipatorios ilustrados por meros ideales securitarios. Volviendo a poner sobre la mesa la idea de Futuro tan sólo como amenaza que hay que controlar. (shrink)

Dieses Buch problematisiert "die Sophistik" als Gegenstand der Philosophiegeschichte und stellt die These auf, "die Sophistik" sei das Resultat einer philosophischen Operation. Anhand der kritischen Diskussion relevanter Texte von Platon und Aristoteles wird versucht, eine eigentümliche sophistische Logos-Form zu rekonstruieren. Der Konflikt zwischen Sophistik und Philosophie wird als ein Konflikt zwischen einer parametrischen und einer strategischen Rationalitätsform dargestellt.

The Euthydemus offers important elements of Platonic thought, from which emerges the need to study philosophy in order to achieve a good life. This article offers a brief introduction to this work of Plato. It then presents an analysis of several ideas that appear throughout the discussion, putting special emphasis on those dealing, directly or indirectly, with the main theme of the Dialogue . It concludes with a synthesis of the arguments given in the work.

La presente obra reúne los temas imprescindibles de un curso de filosofía política, dirigido tanto a estudiantes como a lectores interesados en la historia, los fundamentos y las implicaciones actuales de esta disciplina. La primera parte trata de la tradición liberal, los socialismos, las dimensiones del nacionalismo, el feminismo como proyecto filosófico-político y la institución de la democracia. La segunda parte aborda en profundidad un amplio abanico de cuestiones, desde la globalización o los problemas de legitimación del poder, pasando por (...) las relaciones entre Estado y nación, los derechos humanos como legado de la Modernidad o la actualidad y perspectivas de la ciudadanía, hasta la multiculturalidad y la inmigración, los movimientos sociales, la ecología o la justicia social. (shrink)

O objetivo deste breve texto é o de mostrar como de Aristóteles a Agostinho houve uma revalorização do termo tapeinos, um conceito de menor importância no âmbito da ética aristotélica indicando aquele que se rebaixa ou se diminui ante outra pessoa. Faremos um breve excurso pelo uso desse termo por um autor pagão, Epicteto, e por dois autores cristãos, Atanásio de Alexandria e Basílio de Cesaréia, antes de chegarmos até o seu uso em Agostinho de Hipona, pensador no qual o (...) conceito já adquiriu o valor positivo de humildade, uma virtude (areté) concebida como essencial, pois assinala uma característica do próprio Cristo e, por conseguinte, fundamental para o Cristianismo. Palavras-chave: Tapeinos; Aristóteles; Basílio; Agostinho. Some remarks on the Christian resignification of tapeinos Abstract: This text aims to show how from Aristotle to Augustine of Hippo, there was a revalorization of the term tapeinos, a concept of minor importance inside the Aristotelian Ethics, which could be translated as signalizing the person who stoops to someone else. We will do a brief excursus considering the use of this term in one Pagan author, Epictetus, and in two Christian ones, Athanasius of Alexandria and Basil of Caesarea, before we arrive at Augustine of Hippo, a thinker in which the concept has already acquired the positive value of humility, a virtue (arete) thought as essential, because typical of Christ himself and consequently of Christianity. Key-words: Tapeinos; Aristotle; Basil; Augustine. Quelques notes sur la resignification chrétienne de tapeinos Resumé: Le but de ce bref texte est de montrer comment d’Aristote jusqu’Augustin, il y a eu une réévaluation du terme tapeinos, qui était un concept d’une importance mineure dans le domaine de l’éthique aristotélicienne qu’on peut traduire comme indiquant quelqu’un qui s’abaisse ou se diminue devant une autre personne. Nous allons faire un bref excurs à travers l’utilisation de ce terme par un auteur païen, Épictète, et par deux auteurs chrétiens, Athanase d’Alexandrie et Basile de Césarée, avant d’arriver à son utilisation chez Augustin d’Hippone, un philosophe chez qui le concept de tapeinos a déjà acquis la valeur positive de l’humilité, une vertu (arete) conçue comme essentielle, car elle souligne une caractéristique du Christ lui-même et, par conséquent, du christianisme. Mots-clés: Tapeinos; Aristote; Basile; Augustin. Data de registro: 02/08/2023 Data de aceite: 22/11/2023. (shrink)

Research has demonstrated that policing is a stressful occupation and has a negative impact on police officers’ mental and physical health, performance, and interactions with citizens. Mental health at the workplace has become a concern due to the costs of depression, anxiety, burnout, and even suicide, which is high among police officers.To ameliorate occupational health, it is crucial therefore to identify stress and burnout levels on a regular basis. However, the instruments frequently used to measure stress have not valorized the (...) specificity of policing tasks. This study aims: i) conducting a literature review, to identify questionnaires used to assess occupational stress and burnout among police officers; ii) to analyze the psychometric characteristics of a Portuguese version of Operational Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Op); and, using the PSQ-op and other questionnaires, iii) to identify operational stress, burnout, and distress levels among Portuguese police officers. The literature review identified 108 studies, which use a multiplicity of questionnaires to measure burnout or occupational stress among police officers, but few studies use specific police stress questionnaires. Sample sizes were mostly below 500 participants and studies were mainly developed in the last decade in the USA and Brazil, but also in another 24 countries, showing the extent of the interest in this topic. This study applied to 2057 police officers from National Portuguese Police, a force policing urban centers, the PSQ-Op, as well the Spanish Burnout Inventory and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale.The results show that the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of PSQ-Op are adequate. Factorial analysis revealed two dimensions defined as social and work issues, which were associated with measures of distress and burnout.Fit indices suggested a second-order solution called operational police stress. Overall, and considering the scale range of each questionnaire, the results showed moderate values of operational stress, distress, and burnout. However, considering their cut-off points, 85% of the sample presented high operational stress levels, 11% critical values for burnout, and 28% high distress levels, with 55% of the sample at risk of psychological disorder. These results reinforce the need to prevent stress and to invest in police officers’ occupational health. (shrink)

the saap 2020 conference in mexico is the culmination of an internal and gradual transformation in SAAP that has taken many years. I came to this organization as a graduate student. I was then the only Latino and Leonard Harris the only African American philosopher in SAAP. Thanks to the efforts of many scholars and presidents, SAAP has come to recognize the important philosophical contributions of female, African American, Indigenous, and Latinx philosophers. Let's not take for granted how we got (...) here, celebrate what we have, and keep moving in the direction of an even better pluralism, a commitment at the heart of those American philosophers that we teach and write about.This essay is inspired by this momentous... (shrink)

Desde 1980 têm-se feito discussões, na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, para mudar o sistema de avaliação. Em diversas ocasiões, foram feitas consultas a diversas instância da comunidade sobre o quê e em que todas as vezes a discussão ficou retida em algum ponto sem que houvesse um progresso, nos passos seguintes. A rigor, a única mudança visível em todo esse período foi a eliminação das provas finais do semestre. A discussão sobre a alteração da nota mínima de aprovação, de 54 (...) para 60 ou 70 pontos foi marcada, em 83 e 84, por um artificialismo em torno de um valor aleatório que pudesse significar um maior rigor ou grau de exigência desejável. Um dos argumentos que emergiam, na época, foi o de que um aluno da UFU estaria em desigualdade de condições de competição, ao concorrer por uma vaga no mercado de trabalho, quando comparado com algum aluno de outra Universidade que tivesse um grau de exigência maior. [...] Palavras-chave: Reflexões; Sistema de avaliação; Universidade; Comunidade. (shrink)

Theory of Mind (ToM), the cognitive capacity to attribute internal mental states to oneself and others, is a crucial component of social skills. Its formal study has become important, witness recent research on reasoning and information update by intelligent agents, and some proposals for its formal modelling have put forward settings based on Epistemic Logic (EL). Still, due to intrinsic idealisations, it is questionable whether EL can be used to model the high-order cognition of ‘real’ agents. This manuscript proposes a (...) framework that takes visibility, memory, perspective and communication as the main factors underpinning mental attributions. This is more in-line with findings in cognitive science and allows us to model well-known False-Belief Tasks that are typically used in testing people's ToM. We discuss some of the framework's technical features, arguing why it does justice to empirical observations. (shrink)

This book explores the notion of endangerment which stands at the heart of a network of concepts, values and practices dealing with objects considered threatened by extinction, and with the procedures aimed at preserving them. It looks at some of the fundamental ways in which this process involves science, but also more than science: not only data and knowledge and institutions, but also affects and values. With a focus on endangerment sensibility, it encapsulates tensions between the normative and the utilitarian, (...) the natural and the cultural. (shrink)

Se hace una revisión del uso e implicaciones de la expresión Ka fKaoTov en buena parte de la obra aristotélica -interesan de manera especial en este estudio los tratados que conforman el Organon, pero sin dejar de lado textos ontológicos, cosmológicos, éticos, políticos y biológicos del filósofo-. Dicha fórmula designa al individuo en la lógica discursiva del Estagirita, pero los modos en que se va comprendiendo no son completamente congruentes; así, se pasa de un singularismo, que supone una identidad única (...) e insustituible, por ende incognoscible por parte de la ciencia. a un particularismo, esto es, una visión desde una perspectiva universalista que convierte a los individuos en partícipes de condiciones comunes, con lo cual los problemas cognitivos se solventan, aunque la potencia de la individuación, que podría estar en su pretendida singularidad, queda suspendida. Es pretensión fundamental de este trabajo mostrar cómo en el aristotelismo hay una fuerte tendencia universalista como fórmula para solventar las aporías que surgen de la individuación, y que por ende es el formalismo, surgido en el platonismo sin duda, el que habrá de definir los modos por excelencia de acceso a lo real tangible. (shrink)

The notion of linguistic correction with which Augustine of Hippo introduced his Ars pro fratrum mediocritate breuiata seems central to the philosopher's grammatical discussion, not only because of the various examples that Augustine offers about the definitions of barbarism and soloecism at the end of this treatise, but also because the subject of correction and, consequently, of the deviations of language, are also presented in other non-grammatical works: The confessions, De ordine and De doctrina Christiana. In this article, we propose (...) to evaluate the conceptual outlines of the notions of barbarism and solecism in the work of Augustine, considering, on the one hand, the definitions present in the Ars breuiata, and, on the other, the way in which Augustine also presents them in his philosophical work. We propose that the normative orientation contained in the text of ars must be relativised by ethical questions that arise from the comments present in the Confessions, the De ordine and the De doctrina Christiana. (shrink)

This paper introduces the Italian thinker Gillo Dorfles (1910-2018) as an early formulator of “la estetica del quotidiano” (Everyday Aesthetics) from the 1960s onwards. Throughout his extensive body of work, Dorfles gradually combined analyses of very different forms of aesthetic production and behavior while at the same time developing a line of aesthetic thought that offered an alternative to idealistic approaches. His approach centers on the interplay between the mythopoetic and the mythagogic, or between the synchronic and the diachronic.

Sobre la base de una línea interpretativa propiciada por la misma doctrina de Plotino, este trabajo pretende estudiar el problema que conlleva el fin último del alma humana en vista de su ascenso hacia el Uno-Bien. En varios pasajes de su obra, el filósofo sostiene que, conociendo el propio sí-mismo, se puede tomar contacto con un principio supremo, anterior incluso a la potencia intelectiva, en virtud de cuya visión es dable gozar de un amor sin medida. El remate en la (...) unificación no depende en última instancia del acierto racional, sino de concordar en el mismo centro con aquello de semejante al Uno-Bien que hay en el alma. Estas distinciones abonarían la posibilidad de una unión mística dentro del sistema plotiniano. Sin embargo, desde el punto de vista epistemológico, el estatuto místico es controvertido y plantea una serie dificultades teóricas que es necesario dilucidar. Para el análisis de los tópicos mentados se desarrolla una lectura a la vez hermenéutica y crítica tanto de las fuentes como de la bibliografía erudita. (shrink)

El presente artículo parte de exponer y analizar dos niveles en el camino metafísico de Heidegger, diferentes mas relacionados recíprocamente: de una parte, el de la crítica al presente, marcado por la cultura del pesimismo que se nutre del desprecio de la civilización técnico-industrial; y, de otra parte, el de la desesperación ontológico existencial anclado en la pérdida epocal de la pregunta por el sentido del ser, la cual comporta, en consecuencia, la imposibilidad de una apropiación individual e histórica de (...) la verdad del ser. (shrink)

The title of this issue of Science in Context – “Believing Nature, Knowing God” – is intended to suggest the moral, emotional, and cognitive conditions in which the historical alliance of “nature” and “God” operated, and to make a more general point about knowing and believing. The production of scientific knowledge includes mechanisms for bringing about acceptance that such knowledge is true, and thus for generating a psychological state of belief. To claim to have knowledge of nature involves an attitude (...) of belief in certain epistemic values, in the procedures associated with them, and in the results to which they lead. “Nature,” both as a totality to be known, and as the sum of the results of research directed towards it, turns out to be an object of belief. (shrink)

Resumen: Este libro pretende convertir la tecnología en un objeto de reflexion seria y rigurosa que no se limite a pensar sobre las consecuencias de la tecnica, atienda el hecho de que los sistemas tecnológicos son objetos culturales, los mas importantes objetos culturales de nuestra civilizacion, y los ingenieros, por ello mismo, creadores de cultura con el mismo estatuto que cientificos o artistas. El volumen reune varios ensayos sobre cuestiones filosoficas, que plantea la teología actual : como determina nuestra cultura (...) contemporanea, como se desarrolla y que relación existe entre desarrollo económico y social y el desarrollo tecnologico. La obra es parte de un programa de desarrollo de un análisis interno de los sistemas tecnológicos, de la lógica de las normas tecnologicas y de los nuevos metodos de conocer especificamente tecnológicos, como es el modelado de sistemas, a mitad de camino entre la lógica y la analogía. Se examinan, a modo de ejemplo, algunas tecnologias contemporaneas, en particular las ligadas a la reproducción funcional de seres vivos y del conocimiento, la inteligencia artificial y ciencias cognotivas. Jose Ortega y Gasset inauguro una tradición en filosofía de la tecnica a la que este volumen se honra en pertenecer. (shrink)

. In this paper we purport to qualify the claim, advanced by Appelbaum that speech perception research, in the last 70 years or so, has endorsed a view on the nature of speech for which no evidence can be adduced and which has resisted falsification through active ad hoc “theoretical repair” carried by speech scientists. We show that the author’s qualms on the putative dogmatic status of speech research are utterly unwarranted, if not misconstrued as a whole. On more general (...) grounds, the present article can be understood as a work on the rather underdeveloped area of the philosophy and history of Linguistics. (shrink)

Queda mucho por estudiar en la academia española sobre el funcionamiento de la estética transmedial. En algunos ámbitos académicos la «cultura popular» sufre aún del estigma «lo no merecedor de estudio». Por otra parte, su complejidad y el gran número de obras de esta estética hace muy difícil su estudio en conjunto. Una de las maneras más interesantes para acercarse es tomar una base temática fuerte mediante la cual establecer ciertas líneas que enriquezcan su lectura y den cuenta de su (...) relación con la sociedad. Como muestra de acercamiento fractal a la estética transmedial, se propone el estudio del universo transmedial de Star Wars desde el concepto del Mal. En este sentido, se proponen unos primeros ejemplos tomados de diferentes lenguajes para extraer a partir de ellos una muestra de la manera en que Star Wars representa el concepto del Mal y de qué ideologías parte para ello. (shrink)

Resumen Este artículo examina siete concepciones filosóficas acerca de la libertad -incluyendo la distinción entre libertad negativa y positiva, liberal y republicana-, ejemplificándolas con representantes de la historia de la filosofía. Por otra parte, para enriquecer la mirada desde un texto jurídico concreto, examinamos la Constitución ecuatoriana de 2008. El propósito principal que ha animado esta investigación es el de sondear las distintas visiones que se han propuesto sobre la libertad, en su triple relación con: 1) los valores, tales como (...) el bien común y la igualdad; 2) el tipo de deber correspondiente que tienen que cumplir los particulares y la sociedad con respecto al sujeto portador del derecho a la libertad; y 3) el Estado y las leyes. Aspiramos a que los resultados alcanzados aporten mayor claridad en aquellos debates de la filosofía normativa en los que está involucrada la libertad.The paper examines seven philosophical conceptions of freedom -including the distinctions between positive and negative liberty, and liberal and republican liberty-, exemplifying them with great authors in the history of philosophy. On the other hand, in order to enrich the vision with a concrete legal document, we examine the Ecuadorian Constitution of 2008. The central aim of the research is to probe the use made by those who participated in the drafting of that Constitution of philosophical ideas concerning liberty in its threefold relation to: 1) values, such as common good and equality; 2) the correlative duties imposed on individuals and the society at large with respect to the holder of the right to freedom; and 3) the state and its laws. We hope that the results provide greater clarity in those debates of normative philosophy in which freedom is involved. (shrink)

The usual procedure in the theory of social choice consists in postulating some desirable properties which an aggregation procedure should verify and derive from them the features of a corresponding social choice function and the outcomes that arise at each possible profile of preferences. In this paper we invert this line of reasoning and try to infer, up from what we call social situations the criteria verified in the implicit aggregation procedure. This inference process, which extracts intensional from extensional information (...) can be seen as an exercise in “qualitative statistics”. (shrink)

In economically meaningful interactions negotiations are particularly important because they allow agents to improve their information about the environment and even to change accordingly their own characteristics. In each step of a negotiation an agent has to emit a message. This message conveys information about her preferences and endowments. Given that the information she uses to decide which message to emit comes from beliefs generated in previous stages of the negotiation, she has to cope with the uncertainty associated with them. (...) The assessment of the states of the world also evolves during the negotiation. In this paper we analyze the intertwined dynamics of beliefs and decision, in order to determine conditions on the agents that allow them to reach agreements. The framework for decision making we consider here is based on defeasible evaluation of possibilities: an argument for a choice defeats another one if it is based on a computation that better uses all the available information. (shrink)

El propósito de este artículo es presentar, en forma sucinta, los principales elementos de la concepción budista del universo, entendido como la realidad toda, no en sus comienzos, tal como ella aparece en los textos más antiguos, ni en el curso de su evolución histórica, mostrando sus diferentes etapas, sino en la forma en que esta concepción asumió cuando ella fue fijada de una vez para siempre algunos siglos después de la muerte o – como prefieren los budistas - el (...) Parinirvana de Buda.Infi.. (shrink)

El presente trabajo muestra la imposibilidad de separar el ideal de la igualdad revelado por la crítica de Rousseau, y que constituye la base moral de un nuevo estado de derecho poblado de individuos, de la constitución de la idea de libertad como valor político y del individualismo que se erige sobre ésta- En otras palabras, quizás, el ideal de sociedad pensado por Rousseau no era realizable, pero lo que efectivamente se realizó no habría sido posible sin sus ideales.

In 1913, the future psychologist and epistemologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980), then a seventeen-year-old naturalist, gave a talk criticizing 'the notion of the species according to the Mendelian school'. In it, he confounded Mendelism and mutationism, and misunderstood both. He attributed an environmental nature to the 'factors' postulated by Mendel's laws for inherited characteristics, and thought that mutations resulted from the appearance of a new environmental factor. Such misinterpretations are closely related to Piaget's assimilation of the Bergsonian critique of 'mechanistic' science (...) into his work in malacological taxonomy. (shrink)

In Dark City, people live in a city that is constantly in the dark. The city is in fact a laboratory constructed by a race of Strangers who live below the urban surface to do experiments aimed at discovering what makes human beings human. The Strangers will survive only by becoming like them. To find out what humanity is, but assuming it is essentially related to memory, every day they paralyze all human activity, extract memories from individuals, mix them, and (...) inject them back. When people wake up, they are totally different persons – but do not know it. This article examines how, starting with such a situation, Dark City explores the role of memory in personhood, the problem of authenticity, and the status of “false” memories in making the self, and how the connect to the experimental psychology and the neuroscience of memory. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Tetsugaku Companion to Nishida Kitarō ed. by Matsumaru Hisao, Arisaka Yoko, and Lucy Christine SchultzFernando Wirtz (bio)Tetsugaku Companion to Nishida Kitarō. Edited by Matsumaru Hisao, Arisaka Yoko, and Lucy Christine Schultz. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. Pp. v + 240. Hardcover $109.99, isbn 978–3-319417-83-7.This collection of essays has several virtues. First, although Nishida is one of the most widely translated Japanese philosophers into English, this is the first collection (...) of interpretative essays that attempts to cover the different aspects and stages of his work in a comprehensive manner.Second, this collection gives voice to several Japanese scholars who have long been working on Nishida's philosophy, but who are nevertheless little known outside Japan. Of course, as the editors explain in the introduction, the book intentionally seeks to incorporate perspectives that may dislocate the reader given the "fact that academic authors in countries other than the English-speaking Anglo-American regions write differently to express their ideas" (p. vii). This is a significant gesture, since Japanese philosophy has from its very beginnings been wracked by the problem of translation and counter-translation. It is an act of courage for the book to acknowledge that there are different "forms of expression" that, even if they may confuse the Anglo-American reader, serve to broaden the reader's philosophical sensibility (p. xiii–xiv).Third, rather than each chapter limiting itself to expounding Nishida's thought in a general way, each in turn problematizes specific aspects of the philosopher's work, connecting it with other authors and problems.As the editors explain, the book has a bipartite structure. In the first part, several contributors explore "seven principal concepts" that are intended to reflect Nishida's perception of his own system, while in the second part, contributors investigate the place of Nishida's thought in the global history of philosophy, drawing connections between Nishida's thought and other fields such as religion, science, and art. In addition, the relevance of his thought to both the present and the future is discussed. The book includes an appendix with a chronology of Nishida's life and work and also a glossary of fundamental concepts.In Chapter 1, Nakajima Yuta explores the concept of "pure experience," highlighting its importance in Nishida's later philosophy and its relation to the self-developing structure of consciousness. In particular, Nakajima analyzes the influence of Wilhelm Wundt's Outlines of Psychology in the work An Inquiry into [End Page 1] the Good. In that sense, this article provides the historical context in which Nishida developed his ideas in contrast to the psychologist. As the author points out: "The main point of criticism is that Nishida regards the foundational elements in Wundtian psychology as mere virtual abstractions of the primordial systematic unity of experience" (p. 7). This last statement leads to the recognition that any linguistic limitation of this primordial unity becomes an abstraction, since pure experience is the framework of the meaningful, where all meanings are dynamically generated and superimposed (p. 10).Itabashi Yūjin, in Chapter 2, establishes the transition from pure experience to "absolute free will" in the work, Intuition and Reflection in Self-Awareness, by comparing Nishida's text with the philosophies of Cohen and Schopenhauer. To understand this transition, we must not lose sight, as the author says, that when the self reflects itself in itself, it is self-producing and self-determining. This self-determination is not purely intellectual, but a total activity in which "thinking and sensation are one" (p. 20). Thus, the will is absolute because there is nothing prior to the self-productive activity of the will. For this reason, it is precisely in religious experience that "authentic life" (p. 22) emerges from the negation of the subjective self, that is, from the fiction of a foundation of absolute will.The person responsible for presenting the concept of "self-awareness" is Okada Katsuaki. In Chapter 3, Okada takes as a starting point the "subjectless" (p. 28) character of the Japanese language in order to explain the paradoxical possibility of experience experiencing itself. (p. 30). The self-awareness of the activity of the previous chapters becomes... (shrink)

Se revisan varios libros publicados recientemente que corresponderían al campo de la epistemología politica. Sus autores pertenecen a tradiciones tan distintas como los Estudios sobre la Cieneia, Sociologia del Conocimiento, Epistemología, Filosafia de la Cieneia o Economía. La convergencia en este tema es el dato más significativo, habida cuenta de las bien conocidas controversias contemporaneas sabre Ia ciencia. EI nucleo central de los trabajos es la relación entre ciencia y democracia.We review a few volumes appeared in the last years about (...) the topic of Political Epistemology. The authors came from different traditions such as Science Studies, Sociology of Science, Epistemology, Philosophy of Science or Economics. This convergence is the most meaningful fact, given the well-known controversies in the general field of science. the hard core of the reviewed volumes is the relationship between science and democtratic studies. (shrink)

Replies to comments Resumen: Los temas principales discutidos son: en primer logar, las cuestiones sobre condiciones de posibilidad del testimonio y conocimiento común en situaciones de opresión, desigualdad o descuido institucional. En segundo lugar, las apreciaciones sobre el acceso a los recursos conceptuales necesarios para entender la situación social de víctima. En tercer lugar, la función positiva del activismo y otras formas de acción comunitaria. Por último, el problema del pluralismo de puntos de vista y la responsabilidad en el logro (...) de la objetividad y la verdad. Abstract: The main topics discussed are: first, questions about the conditions of possibility of testimony and common knowledge in situations of oppression, inequality, or institutional neglect. Secondly, appreciations on the access to conceptual resources necessary to understand the social situation of victim. Third, the positive role of activism and other forms of community action. Finally, the problem of pluralism of viewpoints and responsibility in achieving objectivity and truth. Palabras clave: Epistemología política, injusticia epistémica, epistemología y democracia. Keywords: Political epistemology, epistemic injustice, epistemology and democracy. (shrink)

Kant's Logic of the Pathological: Aesthetics and Politics.