Este artículo pretende restituir y problematizar la lectura que de Nicolás Maquiavelo realiza Louis Althusser en los años 1970 y 1980, guiados por la intuición de que, fruto de esa lectura, Althusser opera un desplazamiento en su propia filosofía marcado por un pasaje de la necesidad de la estructura y de la ciencia hacia la contingencia inherente a la historia. A estos efectos, se realiza una lectura cercana a las obras de Louis Althusser que muestran su particular interpretación de Maquiavelo (...) como filósofo materialista. (shrink)

Si la teología política es uno de los temas centrales que recorre la obra de Carl Schmitt, el problema de los valores —a pesar de los pocos trabajos dedicados al tema— no deja de tener importancia en relación con las reflexiones de este autor. El propósito de este trabajo es, precisamente, mostrar el vínculo existente entre uno y otro, entre la teología política schmittiana y su reflexión en torno a los valores. Para ello, nos proponemos recorrer, por una parte, sus (...) textos tempranos, que nos permitirán dilucidar la relación entre teología y política en la modernidad y, por otro lado, la crítica a la filosofía de los valores elaborada en La tiranía de los valores. A partir de ese recorrido bifurcado intentaremos trazar la continuidad existente entre la teología política y los valores, que, a nuestro juicio, puede rastrearse ya en El valor del Estado y el significado del individuo. (shrink)

This article motivates a shift in certain strands of the debate over legitimate roles for nonepistemic values in scientific practice from investigating what is involved in taking cognitive attitudes like acceptance toward an empirical hypothesis to looking at a social understanding of assertion, the act of communicating that hypothesis. I argue that speech act theory’s account of assertion as a type of doing makes salient legitimate roles nonepistemic values can play in scientific practice. The article also shows how speech act (...) theory might provide a framework for fruitfully extending aspects of the social and pragmatic turns in the philosophy of science. (shrink)

Abhinavagupta is undoubtedly the most famous Kashmirian medieval intellectual: his decisive contributions to Indian aesthetics, Saiva theology, and metaphysics, and to the philosophy of the subtle and original Pratyabhijna system, are well known. Yet so far his works have often been studied without fully taking into account the specific historical, social, artistic, religious, and philosophical context in which they are embedded. The purpose of this book is to show that this intellectual background is no less exceptional than Abhinavagupta himself. (Series: (...) Leipzig Studies on the Culture and History of South and Central Asia / Leipziger Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte Sud- und Zentralasiens, Vol. 6) [Subject: History, Abhinavagupta, India Studies, Religious Studies]. (shrink)

The Tattvapaplavasimha is a philosophical text unique of its kind it is the only text of the Carvaka Lokayata school which has survived and the only Sanskrit work in which full-fledged scepticism is propounded. Notwithstanding that it has been hitherto almost completely ignored. The present book consists of an introduction detailed analysis edition translation with extensive notes of the first half of the text. In the introduction Jayarasi`s affiliation to the Lokayata school is reassessed and his place in the historical (...) development of Indian Philosophy evaluated. New evidence for the dating of Jayarasi is examined and a new dating is suggested. (shrink)

We show that the modal prepositional logicILM (interpretability logic with Montagna's principle), which has been shown sound and complete as the interpretability logic of Peano arithmetic PA (by Berarducci and Savrukov), is sound and complete as the logic ofπ 1-conservativity over eachbE 1-sound axiomatized theory containingI⌆ 1 (PA with induction restricted tobE 1-formulas). Furthermore, we extend this result to a systemILMR obtained fromILM by adding witness comparisons in the style of Guaspari's and Solovay's logicR (this will be done in a (...) separate continuation of the present paper). (shrink)

The following response first points out the obvious methodological disadvantages of Oetke’s decline to use both primary and secondary sources for his interpretation of the sadvitīyaprayoga. Oetke believes that he is able to provide an “objectively adequate” presentation of the sp and describe “the objective properties” of its content without taking the historical context into account. By divorcing meaning from context, he distorts the presumed original meaning and intention of the sp, and superimposes on it an anachronistic concern with what (...) he calls “the extrapolation principle.” The second part of the response explores the usage of the term sapakṣa as a collective term. (shrink)

_ Source: _Volume 29, Issue 1, pp 86 - 102 The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the place that Hobbes assigns to optics in the context of his classification of sciences and disciplinary boundaries. To do this, I will begin with an account of Hobbes’s conception of philosophy or science, and particularly his distinction between true and hypothetical knowledge. I will also show that in his demarcation between mathematics or geometry and natural philosophy Hobbes was (...) influenced by Galileo’s _Dialogue_. I then analyse the consequences of this distinction for optics, and conclude by clarifying its status among the scientific disciplines. (shrink)

Covering a broad range of topics, this text provides a comprehensive survey of the modelling of chaotic dynamics and complexity in the natural and social sciences. Its attention to models in both the physical and social sciences and the detailed philosophical approach make this an unique text in the midst of many current books on chaos and complexity. Including an extensive index and bibliography along with numerous examples and simplified models, this is an ideal course text.

The biopsychosocial model was initially proposed to overcome the normative assumption that human diseases are exclusively due to disordered biochemical and/or neurophysiological processes. The model attempts to explain how expectations, thoughts and feelings modify the patient’s motivations to deal with illness and recovery. By considering the physical health in this perspective, healthcare professionals may test the importance of socially and culturally shared principles in alleviating illness experience. The entire biopsychosocial hierarchy may thus appear as a complex network of relationships between (...) the strict logic of scientific explanations and the emotional sustainability with which beliefs may either be defended, changed or even refused. In this paper, we aim at reviewing some of the evidence-based biomedical and psychological findings that provide a unified framework for the biopsychosocial model as a multilevel integrative process. To tackle this objective, we propose to approach the model in biosemiotic terms. It is our contention that the entire biopsychosocial hierarchy could be better understood if approached biosemiotically and the multilevel interconnection of this hierarchy re-examined in the light of a collaborative meaning-making process. (shrink)

Book review of Marie Boas Hall, Henry Oldenburg: Shaping the Royal Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), pp. xii + 369.

The Author does not offer a ‘ reply to a reply ’ by Dorothea Weber, but rather a clarification that is useful for the scholar who intends to do research on De vocatione omnium gentium.

This paper presents the Futurium platform used by Digital Futures, a foresight project launched by the European Commission's Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT). Futurium was initially developed with the primary purpose of hosting and curating visions and policy ideas generated by Digital Futures (Digital Futures was launched in July 2011 by DG CONNECT's Director General Robert Madelin following a prior DG CONNECT exercise called Digital Science.). However, it has turned into a platform on which to (...) experiment with new policymaking models based on scientific evidence and stakeholder participation, referred to in this paper as ‘Policy Making 3.0’. The platform hosts an online foresight toolkit to facilitate the joint creation of ideas to help design future policies. It leverages the potential of social networks, open data, semantic and knowledge mining technologies as well as participatory brainstorming techniques to engage stakeholders and harness their views and creativity to better inform policies that matter to them. The Futurium distinguishes between different variables, reflecting the emotional vs. rational mindsets of the participants, and offers the possibility to frame the engagement and co-creation process into multiple phases of a workflow. Futurium was developed to support Digital Futures, but its open architecture makes it easily adaptable to any policymaking/decision-making context where thinking ahead, participation, scientific evidence and agility are needed. Futurium is an early prototype implementation of the Policy Making 3.0 model, which is a long-term vision requiring further investigation and experimentation. The Futurium production website can be seen here: ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/futurium. (shrink)

Zusammenfassung Die Gebundenheit einer Gottheit an einen Ort oder an eine Stadt stellt eines der wichtigsten und am wenigsten erforschten Elemente der klassischen Religion dar. Im Rahmen des Nachdenkens über das Wesen Gottes im philosophischen und literarischen Diskurs der Spätantike werden die traditionellen Gottheiten häufig gemäß dem plotinianischen Modell als Emanationen und Manifestationen eines höchsten göttlichen Wesens betrachtet. Auch Symmachos teilte diese Ansicht und fasste die Gebundenheit der göttlichen Wesen an einen Ort als von der divina mens gewollt auf. Diese (...) Vorstellung wird im Rahmen seiner bekannten dritten relatio geäußert, als der Rhetor die Dea Roma in Gestalt einer alten und schutzflehenden Frau vor dem Kaiser auftreten lässt, die ihn bittet die Ausübung der traditionellen Riten zu erlauben, welche Rom die Gunst der Götter sicherte. Diese unkonventionelle Darstellung der Dea Roma, die einen Bruch mit der herkömmlichen Ikonographie der Göttin darstellt, ist nicht zufällig: Hiermit konnte der Rhetor metaphorisch den Status der Stadt, die vom Kaiser verlassen und vernachlässigt wurde, zur Sprache bringen. (shrink)

_ Source: _Volume 61, Issue 1, pp 60 - 81 This paper presents an analysis of some passages of Alcinous, _Didaskalikos_ 4. Its aim is to show, on the one hand, that Alcinous suggests a reading of the main points of Plato’s epistemology focused on a hard dualistic interpretation of both the theory of forms and recollection; and, on the other hand, that in the text there is no real acceptance of Stoic doctrines, but only an attempt to show that (...) outside of the Platonic framework no suitable account for Stoic notions such as _logos_ or _physikai ennoiai_ can be provided. (shrink)

In the period following the Second World War Giulio Preti was one of the leading exponents of Italian philosophy. A master of open critical thought, cultivated in the light of a rationalism that dialogued with, and integrated into his own philosophical model, many of the currents and stances of the global research scenario. Phenomenology, Marxism, pragmatism, neopositivism, transcendentalism and structuralism: in Preti all of these found an organic and original synthesis. Further, his particular brand of rationalist-critical thought touched on many (...) aspects of philosophical knowledge: theoretical philosophy, the philosophy of science, that of language and that of art, from ethics to politics and even taking in the history of philosophy, offering authoritative contributions in every sphere. One hundred years after his birth, the University of Florence and the heir to the Faculty in which he lectured at length, the Faculty of Education, has decided to honour his memory with this anthology of studies, penned by former pupils and others and also by younger scholars, to once again focus the wealth of this thought and its, in many respects, current relevance. Even now, this particular brand of open, critical rationalism can offer a benchmark for addressing the new issues for philosophical reflection thrown up by modern society and culture. (shrink)

Resumen. En el presente artículo se abordan lineamientos para internalizar el pensamiento estratégico en losgerentes basado en la filosofía de los Institutos Autónomos del sector público. Tomando en cuenta, que esfundamental que el pensamiento estratégico de los líderes se ocupe de la filosofía institucional para estarclaros en saber quiénes son, en qué se cree, cuáles son sus preceptos; así como, conocer los compromisos yresponsabilidades. Todo ello, basado en la misión, visión, valores, y estrategia que tienden a ser elementosintuitivos. Por lo (...) tanto, el estudio se ubico en una investigación descriptiva y la información se obtuvo através de un instrumento tipo Likert. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian en el nivel gerencial,que no cuentan en su totalidad con una filosofía de gestión, que constituya una guía para la conducción demanera efectiva de tales instituciones.Palabras Claves. Filosofía, gerencia, institutos autónomos, pensamiento estratégico, sector público.. In this paper guidelines are addressed to internalize strategic thinking in managers based on thephilosophy of autonomous institutions in the public sector. Taking into account, it is essential that thestrategic thinking of leaders to deal with the organizational culture to be clear on who they are, what youthink, what their requirements as well as, meet the commitments and responsibilities. All this is based on themission, vision, values and strategy tend to be intuitive elements. Therefore, the study was located in adescriptive and information was obtained through an instrument Likert. The results show atthe managerial level, have not entirely a management philosophy, which constitutes a guide for the conduct ofsuch institutions effectively.Keywords. Philosophy, management, strategic thinking, public sector, autonomous institutes. (shrink)

According to one of the most fundamental tenets in Indian Buddhist epistemology, there are only two means of knowledge - perception and inference - because there are only two objects of knowledge: the particular and the universal. This book deals with this tenet as it was expounded and substantiated in Dharmakirti's (7th c.) magnum opus, the Pramanavarttika, a work that has exerted lasting influence on Buddhist philosophy in India and Tibet up to the present day. (Series: Leipzig Studies on Culture (...) and History of South and Central Asia / Leipziger Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte Sud- und Zentralasiens - Vol. 5) [Subject: Buddhism, Religious Studies, Philosophy]. (shrink)

Will the new Rome I Regulation meet its goals - to improve the predictability of the outcome of litigation? - to bring certainty as to the law applicable and the free movement of judgments? - to designate the same national law irrespective of the country of the court in which an action is brought? The most important features of this instrument were outlined and discussed by distinguished legal experts from all over Europe and beyond at the conference "The Rome I (...) Regulation", held in Verona on March 2009. This first book in English on the Rome I Regulation contains the papers submitted to that conference. (shrink)

Performance-as-philosophy and Philosophy-as-performance. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Understand Dance Performance Philosophy refers to an international network of researchers, practitioners, scholars, and activists who investigate new forms of thinking, performing and practicing philosophy through international conferences and events. An independent journal and a book series of the same name also aim to define the perimeter of an emerging international interdisciplinary field of thought....