Critical Rationalism has become an influential philosophy in many areas including a great number of scientific disciplines. Yet only few studies have been devoted to the role of the philosophy of Sir Karl Popper in the vast field of education. This volume undertakes to fill this gap. Leading scholars in the educational science and in the philosophy of education have critically written for this volume in an attempt to elaborate Popper's methodological and socio-political views and confront them with a globally (...) relevant spectrum of scientific objectives and cultural values. Among the topics discussed are moral values, education for freedom and its consequences for the student, and the critical attitude in political education. Attention is also paid to the historiography of this significant philosophical movement. Regarding pedagogical research, the empirical paradigm, the falsificatory approach to educational research, the complex relationship between educational theory and practice as well as the problem of value-neutrality in educational science are objects of critical analysis. (shrink)

Philosophy of Science: A Unified Approach combines a general introduction to philosophy of science with an integrated survey of all its important subfields. As the book’s subtitle suggests, this excellent overview is guided methodologically by "a unified approach" to philosophy of science: behind the diversity of scientific fields one can recognize a methodological unity of the sciences. This unity is worked out in this book, revealing all the while important differences between subject areas. Structurally, this comprehensive book offers a two-part (...) approach, which makes it an excellent introduction for students new to the field and a useful resource for more advanced students. Each chapter is divided into two sections. The first section assumes no foreknowledge of the subject introduced, and the second section builds upon the first by bringing into the conversation more advanced, complementary topics. Definitions, key propositions, examples and figures overview all of the core material. At the end of every chapter there are selected readings and exercises . The book also includes a comprehensive bibliography and an index. (shrink)

L'histoire des fondements des mathématiques du xxe siècle montre qu'il nous faut réviser la signification des notions philosophiques traditionnelles comme « évidence », « existence », « expérience » ou « rationalité ». On expose comment le logicien Paul Bernays, familier des conceptions de la philosophie de Jacob Friedrich Fries et de Léonard Nelson, donne aux résultats techniques une interprétation philosophique dont il s'inspire de plus en plus - à partir du milieu du siècle - de la « philosophie ouverte (...) » de Ferdinand Gonseth. Bien avant Thomas Kuhn, Bernays conçoit la révision envisagée non pas simplement comme une question de vérité ou de fausseté, mais comme un problème exigeant l'introduction d'un nouveau système conceptuel. Cependant, l'affaiblissement du concept de vérité est pour lui une conséquence épistémologique provenant de la théorie de la connaissance adoptée et non une conséquence méthodologique issue d'un changement de paradigme et donc d'une incommensurabilité. (shrink)

Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Universitèat Tèubingen, 1993.

Die konzentrierte innere Erfahrung der deutschen Mystik war eine wichtige Quelle der deutschen Philosophie. Nicht nur innerhalb der philosophischen Tradition, sondern auch in den Bauernkriegen des 16. Jahrhunderts und auch in der Reformation spielten mystische Motive eine beachtliche Rolle und übten in der Folgezeit Einfluß auf die Medizin (Paracelsus), aber auch auf die Dichtung und die Musik aus. Daß der Nationalsozialismus die Mystik jedoch für die eigene Ideologie mißbrauchte, hatte zur Folge, daß seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg der Einfluß der deutschen (...) Mystik auf die Entwicklung der ganzen deutschen Philosophie nahezu nicht thematisiert, eher tabuisiert wurde. Mystik selbst ist in erster Linie ein Wissen um die innere Erfahrung des Menschen, um das, was der Introspektion zugänglich ist. Aus ihr entsprangen nicht nur bedeutsame Impulse für das religiöse Bewußtsein, sondern auch für die ethische und ästhetische Sensibilität der Kultur insgesamt. Die Gegenwartsprobleme fordern zu einer Belebung der mystischen Traditionslinie heraus. Wenn wir nicht an die Äußerlichkeit der von Wissenschaft, Technik und Ökonomie dominierten Lebenswelt verfallen wollen, ist es unumgänglich, an diese eigenen Wurzeln zu erinnern. In dieser hier vorlegten Reihe von Beiträgen, die erstmalig diese Traditionslinie als systematischen und historischen Zusammenhang vorstellt, geht es um die Aneignung der eigenen Geschichte als der Verbindung der zwei Seiten unserer Kultur, des Äußeren und des Inneren. Das Innere ist durchaus nicht das Irreale, das Unwirkliche, auch wenn es nicht experimentell zu erschließen ist wie das in Raum und Zeit Gegebene. Das Innere ist nicht nur eine eigene Dimension, die Wirklichkeitscharakter besitzt, sondern darüberhinaus eine strukturbildende Kraft, die die Form unserer Außenwelt prägt. (shrink)

By “the” modal fallacy one commonly means the following argument pattern.

Though Jung's main researches have centred on the subject of individuation as an adult ideal he has a unique contribution to make to the psychology of childhood. Jung repeatedly underlined the importance of the psychology of parents and teachers in a child's development and he emphasized that an unsatisfactory psychological relationship between parents may be an important cause of disorders in childhood. He maintained that all real education of children needs teachers who not only know how to learn but who (...) can also develop their own personalities. Jung devotes a large part of the book to expounding his views on these important subjects. There is also an outline of the theory of child development, a delightful snapshot from the life of a girl called Anna and her parents, and a stimulating discussion of marriage as a psychological relationship. Finally there is a chapter on child development and individuation. (shrink)

This volume focuses on constructivism, which is here intended as a general philosophical attitude arising from reflection upon mathematics. We are concerned with the ways in which this idea is applied in science and with the theoretical reflections these applications give rise to. For this purpose this volume presents different sides of the general idea of constructivity, with the intention of getting a broader, and hopefully insightful, understanding of questions such as ‘what is a construct...

Taking as its point of departure the first systematic definition of the concept of literary studies (Literaturwissenschaft) as formulated by Ernst Elster, the essay explores the question to what degree literary studies can be conceived as a discipline that inquires after the principles of literature.

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Die Philosophie im ersten Drittel des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts, Teil 1" verfügbar.

This work looks at how matter and mind inter-relate. It looks at the subject in terms of the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind, thermodynamics, mechanistic materialism and psychological SETs. Rationality, relativism and Popper's views are taken into account.

The present paper first shows that the validity of deductive-nomological (D-N) explanations (systematizations) depends in general on the interpretation context of the predicates involved in the explanation. Therefore, no logical-semantical model can be adequate. This problem is solved by relativisation of the validity criteria on both the confirmation context and the definition context of the premisses. Based upon this, a logical-pragmatical model of D-N explanation is developed. Thereby, especially explanations of laws and global explanations are taken into consideration, since these (...) can be regarded as prototypes of scientific explanation. (shrink)

"In recent years, design has grown in importance for economic and technical development projects. This increase is in turn associated with very topical social issues. Yet, how can this dimension of design, i.e. "social design", be researched and made visible? This was the question that was tackled by the authors of this book to shed light on the specific rationalities of the processes and methods of design. Based on eight selected projects of applied design at the Zurich University of the (...) Arts, from the areas of Industrial design, Interaction design and Game design, various networks of heterogeneous actors are described and discussed from various academic perspectives. The investigated design productions represent an intrinsic logic than can neither be limited to standardized sets of methods within the discipline nor to established methods outside it. At the same time, decoding the complexity of singular design processes contributes to the advancement of the formulation of design theory."--Site Web de l'éditeur. (shrink)

_The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche_ first appeared in the _Collected Works_ in 1960. In this new edition bibliographical citations and entries have been revised in the light of subsequent publications in the _Collected Works_, and essential corrections have been made. The book traces an important line of development in Jung's thought from 1912 onwards. The earliest of the papers elaborates Freud's concept of sexual libido into that of psychic energy. In those that follow we see how, Jung, discarding (...) one by one the traditional 'philosophical' hypotheses, gradually arrived at a concept which is even more controversial than psychic energy was in its day ^DDL namely, psychic reality. The book contains the first mention of the archetype in Jung's writings as well as his later views on its nature. There is also a valuable account of the therapeutic uses of 'active imagination' first described in an essay written in 1916. (shrink)

Enthält: Gesichtspunkte zur Beurteilung von Wissenschaftsbegriffen / von Gerhard Funke. Kriterien zur Beurteilung der Naturwissenschaften / von Erhard Scheibe.

Welche Bücher sollte man lesen, wenn man sich für die Idee der Freiheit interessiert? Welchen Beitrag haben etwa Aristoteles, Konfuzius, Mises, Ortega y Gasset, Röpke oder Schumpeter geleistet? 111 Beiträge sollen helfen, Antworten auf diese Fragen zu geben.