Delphine Abadie Malgré une historiographie riche de plusieurs orientations, les imaginaires, la recherche et les débats académiques semblent parfois demeurer enfermés dans l’exigence d’un devoir-être de la philosophie africaine tout à fait caractéristique du seul moment ethnophilosophique. Pourtant, les avenues les plus récentes en philosophie africaine partagent un ensemble de présupposés qui rendent inopérante cette confrontation stérile entre un type de philosophie qui désignerait la « véritable » manière de décoloniser les épistémologies africaines, et toutes les autres formes de la (...) philosophie en Afrique. Depuis les années 1980, on doit constater pourtant que la plupart des philosophes du continent ont emprunté des avenues qui nous éloignent de ce premier moment décolonial de l’« authenticité africaine » en internalisant les critiques développées durant les plusieurs décennies qu’a duré la fameuse querelle de la philosophie africaine. Éclairé par la distinction entre approche décoloniale et approche postcoloniale, cet article propose une relecture des chemins parcourus, des détours et des mutations opérées par la philosophie africaine telle qu’elle s’est développée dans l’espace francophone depuis les années 1940 jusqu’à nos jours. (shrink)

The present study was an attempt to shed light on the status of plagiarism in the Iranian academic context. It tried to survey the EFL learners’ perceptions of and reasons for different types of plagiarism. To this end, 132 EFL learners from different Iranian universities took part in the study. The data were collected through using a questionnaire specifically designed to gather information on plagiarism. The results indicated that plagiarism is quite common in the Iranian EFL context as different types (...) of plagiarism are employed by the students. Many students were found not to have a negative attitude toward plagiarism. The results also indicated that gender, marital status and occupational status did not have a significant effect on plagiarism, whereas academic level, field of study, and age played a significant role in this regard. (shrink)

The present study aimed at investigating the status of cheating on exams in the Iranian EFL context. One hundred thirty two university students were surveyed to this end. They were selected through convenient sampling. The results indicated that cheating is quite common among the Iranian language students. The most important reasons for this behavior were found to be “not being ready for the exam”, “difficulty of the exam”, “lack of time to study” and “careless and lenient instructors”. The study also (...) indicated that the most common methods of cheating are “talking to the adjacent individuals”, “copying from others' test papers”, and “using gestures to get the answers from others”. It was also found that the student’s field of study, academic level, and occupational status had a significant effect on cheating whereas gender and marital status had no effect in this regard. Furthermore, it became clear that field of study and occupational status had a significant effect on students’ attitude toward cheating whereas gender, academic level and marital status had no effect. Finally, the study indicated that age significantly correlated with cheating and attitude toward cheating. (shrink)

Il est encore paradoxal de reconnaître aux livres des Chroniques le statut d'œuvre littéraire. Longtemps considéré comme de « piètre fiabilité » par rapport au récit parallèle des livres de Samuel et des Rois, ces livres apparaissent aussi sans originalité littéraire par rapport notamment à l'art consommé des récits des livres de Samuel. Dans le sillage de l'Art du récit biblique, de Robert Alter, Ph. Abadie tente de faire ressortir la richesse et la variété des procédés d'écriture qui font du (...) livre des Chroniques une œuvre littéraire véritable. Celle-ci tient fondamentalement à un projet global que révèlent et confirment des « unités kérygmatiques » structurantes et l'ordonnancement de grands ensembles selon divers procédés : technique de répétition et système de périodisation chronologique notamment.It is still paradoxical to recognize the statute of literary work for the books of Chronicles. Long time considered as of “poor reliability” in comparison with the parallel history of the books of Samuel and Kings, these books also seem to be without literary originality in comparison with, notably, the consummate art of the narratives in the books of Samuel. In the wake of “The Art of Biblical Narrative” by Robert Alter, Ph. Abadie tries to bring out the richness and the variety of the writing procedures that make the book of Chronicles a truly literary work. It fundamentally holds to a global project that reveals and confirms some “kerygmatic unities,” structuring and ordering great ensembles according to diverse procedures: especially a technique of repetition and system of chronological periodisation. (shrink)

Hymenoplasty, practiced in societies wherein a woman's virginity signifies honour, is a controversial surgery raising a multitude of ethical issues. There is a dearth of research uncovering the views of physicians who perform hymenoplasty, especially in sexually conservative cultures, such as Iran. Interviews were conducted with five Iranian physicians who perform hymenoplasty to determine their ethical views on the surgery. The interview findings suggest that Iranian physicians risk punitive consequences if they are discovered to be offering hymenoplasty. However, some continue (...) to cautiously perform the procedure out of a moral obligation to protect the welfare of women seeking it, even if they are personally conflicted about the surgery. (shrink)

Volume 19, Issue 9, September 2019, Page 37-39.

ResumenEl trabajo investiga la relación entre las nociones de «imagen dialéctica» [dialektisches Bild] y de recuerdo [Erinnerung] en la obra tardía de Walter Benjamin. Parte de la hipótesis de que, para comprender dicho vínculo, es necesario recurrir a la categoría de «mímesis» como mediación entre ellas. El abordaje de la mímesis busca recuperar su íntima relación con lo figurativo y la experiencia sensible, relegada frente al énfasis que los estudios sobre el tema han puesto en la filosofía del lenguaje. Con (...) este objetivo, se indaga el diálogo velado de Benjamin con la tradición warburguiana, cuyo tema central es la imagen.Palabras claveBenjamin, Warburg, imagen dialéctica, recuerdo, mímesisAbstractIn this paper we research the connection between the concepts of «dialectical image» and «memory» in Walter Benjamin’s late work. We start from the hypothesis that, in order to understand this relationship, it is necessary to turn to the notion of «mimesis» as a link betweenthem. We draw attention to the intimate connection of mimesis with the figurative and sensible experience, generally left out by the studies that emphasize its relationship with the philosophy of language. To reach our aim we investigate the veiled dialogue between Benjamin and the Warburgian tradition, whose main topic is the image.KeywordsBenjamin, Warburg, dialectical image, memory, m. (shrink)

Previous research has found that populist attitudes and conspiracy mentality – here summarised as anti-establishment attitudes – increase when people feel threatened. Two types of intergroup threat have been distinguished, namely realistic threats (pertaining to socio-economic resources, climate, or health), and symbolic threats (pertaining to cultural values). However, there is no agreement on which types of threat and corresponding appraisals would be most important in predicting anti-establishment attitudes. We hypothesise that it is the threat itself, irrespective of its cause, that (...) predicts anti-establishment attitudes. In the current paper, we conducted new (multilevel) regression analyses on previously collected data from four high-powered studies with multiple time points (Study 1) or collected in multiple nations (Studies 2–4). All studies included a populist attitudes scale, a conspiracy mentality scale, and different types of threat and emotion measures, reflecting both realistic and symbolic threats. Across studies, both realistic and symbolic threats positively predicted anti-establishment attitudes. The results support an emotional appraisal approach to anti-establishment attitudes, which highlights the importance of anxiety and feeling threatened regardless of what type of event elicits the threat. (shrink)

The article examines the meaning of the concepts of "doctrine" and "tradition" in Walter Benjamin's 1917 reflections, concepts that are closely linked to his reception of Kant. Given the scarce analysis of this appropriation, the paper seeks to show that these concepts express an interest in Kant's idea of the systematic unity of knowledge and that Benjamin reinterprets such unity in Messianic terms, that is, not as a necessary assumption, but as a demand for redemption. Finally, it shows how these (...) notions are implicit in Benjamin's On the Program of the Coming Philosophy. (shrink)

L'étude des timbres de potiers italiques trouvés à Argos par l'École Française d'Archéologie permet quelques remarques. Leur petit nombre et leur caractère généralement tardif révèlent que la situation économique difficile de cette ville à la fin de l'époque hellénistique se prolongea pendant une partie du Ier siècle après J.-C. L'histoire des sigillées occidentales se trouve enrichie par la détermination d'un approvisionnement homogène, au moins du Sud de la Grèce, et l'appréhension d'un groupe de potiers tardifs qui a entretenu des liens, (...) dont la nature exacte nous échappe encore, à peu près exclusifs avec cette région, à une époque où l'on supposait cette production « asphyxiée ». Le processus d'extinction des sigillées italiques est donc à revoir. (shrink)

RESUMENEn el presente artículo intentaremos hacer una lectura local que a su vez pueda quizá aportar herramientas para una lectura transversal de la obra derrideana. Por una parte, llevaremos adelante un comentario de Dar (el) tiempo, extrayendo de allí las nociones de «don» e «imposibilidad» a la vez que resaltando su implicación recíproca. Por otra, intentaremos mostrar cómo a través de estas nociones, y mediante su comprensión según la lógica de lo cuasi-trascendental, pueden hallarse elementos útiles para una lectura de (...) conjunto de la producción derrideana.PALABRAS CLAVEDERRIDA, DON, IMPOSIBILIDAD, CUASI-TRASCENDENTALABSTRACTIn this article we will try to do a local reading which may also contribute tools for a general reading of Derrida’s work. On the one hand, we will do a brief commentary on Given Time, focusing in the notions of «gift» and «impossibility» and in their mutual implication. On the other hand, we will try to show how, through these notions, and their comprehension following the logic of the quasi-transcendental, one can find useful elements for a general reading of Derrida’s production.KEYWORDSDERRIDA, GIFT, IMPOSSIBILITY, QUASI-TRANSCENDENTAL. (shrink)

Kant, los sábados por la tarde -- ¿Andaría en algo Sócrates? -- El álef de "El Aleph" -- La angustia ya no se lleva -- El tango de la muerte -- Los ilotas y la juventud maravillosa -- Los jóvenes en Flores -- El filósofo y la princesa.

Deux nécropoles ont été mises au jour, au cours de fouilles d'urgence, à Helléniko (site présumé de l'ancienne Eua de Thyréatide), à quelques kilomètres d'Astros, sur la route Astros-Tripolis. Fouillées par le Service archéologique grec, 41 tombes ont livré un matériel abondant : tandis que quelques tombes romaines du IIe s. après J.-C. contenaient surtout des objets en verre, la plus grande partie des trouvailles de céramique date du ive s. avant J.-C. et du début du ine s. Or, par (...) leur pâte, par le caractère très particulier de leur forme et de leur décoration, ces vases paraissent en général être une production régionale, très proche de la production argienne ; de plus, leur chronologie peut souvent être précisée grâce aux contextes très restreints fournis par les tombes. Ainsi, ces découvertes contribuent-elles à mieux définir- ce que furent les fabrications du Nord-Est du Péloponnèse au ive s. et surtout à mettre en lumière leur importance dans l'approvisionnement régional dès la fin de l'époque classique. (shrink)

The specialist literature has investigated extensively the link between Benjamin and German Romanticism and, less frequently, his relation to Kant. However, these contributions tend to take up these links separately, and therefore do not analyse in detail the process which begins with the theoretical sketches on Kant and concludes with the writing of the doctoral thesis on the Frühromantik. This paper argues that there is a marked continuity between the objectives which led Benjamin to plan, in the first place, his (...) doctoral investigation on Kant and those which were finally realized. I try to demonstrate that such continuity consists in a displacement of the problem of the justification of knowledge, from the field of the criticism of knowledge in general to a particular sphere: that of art criticism. In this shift the purpose of linking the justification of knowledge with a messianic philosophy of time and history is also preserved. (shrink)

In this paper I state that throughout Walter Benjamin’s writings a constant element can be found: the aim to ground knowledge on demand of redemption of the object. I show that in the four realms where the Benjaminian theory of knowledge is developed –philosophy, art criticism, translation and historical knowledge–, the principal categories of his conception stress this demand by a peculiar use of the suffix “barkeit”, present in the concepts of “solutionabiliy” of the philosophical task, the “criticizability” of the (...) artwork, the “translatability” of language and the “now of cognizability” of the past. (shrink)

This chapter narrates the author's fascination with the intriguing and elusive face and image of Hannah Arendt—as well as her life story. Experience and world events transformed her inner and outer appearance, etching her life story on her face. Her life story was that of an intellectual Jewish woman who experienced the European turmoil of the 20th century and tried to understand the sources of human evil and violence. The author traced her portrait from a very young woman to her (...) old age. The source materials included unfamiliar photos of Arendt at different stages of her life. (shrink)

This study documents how people who inject drugs in rural Puerto Rico perceive payments for participating in HIV epidemiological studies. In-depth interviews were conducted among a subset of active PWID older than 18 years of age who had been previously enrolled in a much larger study. Findings suggest that financial compensation was the main motivation for initially enrolling in the parent study. Then, as trust in the researchers developed, participants came to perceive compensation as part of a reciprocal exchange in (...) which they assisted researchers by providing a trustful account of their experiences and researchers reciprocated with financial support. (shrink)

Στίς ἀνασκαφές τῶν Θερμῶν τοῦ Ἄργούς βρέθηκαν θραύσματα ἑνός ἀνοικτοῦ ἀγγείου με εκτυπη διακόσμηση πού ἀποδείχτηκε πώς ἦταν γαλατικῆς κατασκευῆς. Παρά τήν ἔλλειψη ὑπογραφῆς μποροῦμε, μέ βάση τά διακοσμητικά στοιχεῖα, νά ἀποδώσουμε τό ἀγγείο στό γαβαλικό ἐργαστήριο τοῦ BIRAGILLVS στή πόλη la Graufesenque ἤ σέ μία συγγενική ὁμάδα ἀγγγειο- πλαστῶν καί νά τό χρονολογήσουμε μέ ἀκρίβεια μεταξύ 80 καί 90 μ. Χ. Τά θραύσματα αὐτά θέτουν τό πρόβλημα τῆς παρουσίας γαλατικῶν ἀγγείων στήν Ελλάδα. Ἕνας σύντομος κατάλογος τῶν δημοσιευμένων εὑρημάτων δείχνει (...) ὄχι μόνο τόν ἐλάχιστο ἀριθμό τους, ἀλλά καί τήν ἔλλειψη ἐργαστηρίων εἰδικευμένων στήν ἐξαγωγή πρός τή χώρα αὐτή. Ἐνῶ ἡ Αἴγυπτος, παραδείγματος χάριν, εἶναι μιά σημαντική ἀγορά γιά τούς γαλάτες ἀγγειοπλάστες, ἡ Ἑλλάδα φαίνεται νά μένει ἔξω άπό αὐτό τό ἐμπορικό ρεῦμα : τά εὑρήματα πού σημειώθηκαν δέν εἶναι παρά προσωπικές εἰσαγωγές. (shrink)

Dentro de las relaciones libres y discordantes que establecen entre ellas las facultades, Deleuze destaca una experiencia particular, la de la génesis del pensamiento, en la que las facultades mantienen sin embargo una ordenación fija: el pensamiento tiene siempre su origen en la sensibilidad, de allí se comunica a la imaginación, de ésta a la memoria y a continuación al pensamiento. Y es gracias a esta fijeza que dicha experiencia puede ser identificada y nombrada. Se trata, nada más y nada (...) menos, que de un cogito, del cogito propiamente deleuziano que será pues denominado cogito para un yo disuelto. Partiendo de la hipótesis de lectura según la cual el capítulo 2 de Diferencia y repetición, “La repetición para sí misma”, constituye una muy detallada exposición de dicho cogito, en las siguientes páginas nos proponemos explorar aquellos desarrollos, exhibiendo tanto la función que en él adquieren cada una de las facultades como sus relaciones y los efectos que producen las unas sobre las otras. (shrink)

En el presente trabajo abordamos dos caracterizaciones diferentes del pasado en la obra tardía de Walter Benjamin: una concibe el pasado como “inconcluso” o “trunco”; la segunda lo describe como “originario” o “primitivo”. Analizamos ambas caracterizaciones, proponemos una posible complemetariedad entre ambas, y sostenemos que esta doble concepción del pasado permea en su totalidad su idea de redención, en contraste con la función del pasado y de la redención en otros pensadores del marxismo occidental (Adorno, Horkheimer).