Polnisch-ukrainische Literaturverbindungen haben lange und vielseitige Serschichte. Auf den Schicksal der polnischen Tradition des literarischen Lebens von Ukraina hat das Schaffen des Fürsten von polnischen Dichtern Zeit der Aufklärung des Bischofs Ignacy Krasicki, von allem mit seinen Märchen, ziemlich großen Einfluss ausgeübt. Am Anfang des XIX Jh. führt Krasicki, von Dichtern-Übersetzern, beispielsweise von Piotr Hułak-Artemowski und Łewko Borowykowski, geholfen, nicht nur neue Ideen und Themen, sondern auch poetische Aussageformen in die ukrainische Literatur ein. Die forliegende Arbeit stellt (...) allgemeine Bemerkungen als Ergebniss der Konfrontation einiger Werken von beiden ukrainischen Schriftstellern und bisher durchgeführten einleitenden Analysen dar. (shrink)

Frugal literary legacy of Adam Naruszewicz (be was an author of fairy-tales) has never been a subject of circumstantial research. It has never aroused any acknowledgement among literary historians. This very fact encouraged me to deeper learning of fairy-tale craft of this outstanding poet. I also came to the conclusion that particular qualities of fairy-tales by Naruszewicz would be more meaningful if I made a comparison of his creative work features with those of other representatives of this literary genre of (...) the second half of the 18th century, i.e. Stanislaw Trembecki, Ignacy Krasicki and Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz. Although Naruszewicz takes a substantial place in the Age of Enlightenment it seems that certain features of his poetry present in the fairy-tales can be found in works of certain representatives of this genre; his fairy-tales are an interesting stage of story-telling branch of this literary form. (shrink)

I argue that one of the centralaspects characterizing the philosophicalhorizon at the threshhold of the twentieth andtwenty-first centuries is the erosion of thehumanist idea, i.e. `posthumanism''. Russianreligious philosophy is pervaded byconsiderations of humanism and posthumanism(antihumanism). The latter ascribes centralsignificance to the category of `Godmanhood''with which the leading Russian philosophersopposed the Nietzschean category of theOverman. But all of Germany philosophy can bereproached for having forsaken man. The`posthumanist'' narrative about man and God isan extreme, indeed pathological symptom ofphilosophy waiting for Embodiment.

Political relations in today’s world are in a deep, perhaps even radically threatening disequilibrium; similarly, humanity’s home—the Earth—is treated with disdain and contempt despite its increasingly angry protests. Moreover, the rules and principles by which most of the world runs its economic affairs and strives to “modernize” its life are founded on a set of market laws devoid of all social context and only serve to deepen the dangerous contrasts between small islands of wealth and a sea of humanity doomed (...) to poverty and alienation. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to present some philosophical considerations about the supposed AI emergence in the future. However, the predicted timeline of this process is uncertain. To avoid any kind of speculations on the proposed analysis from a scientific point of view, a metaphysical approach is undertaken as a modal context of the discussion. I argue that modal claim about possible AI emergence at a certain point of time in the future is justified from a temporal perspective. Therefore, (...) worldwide society must be prepared for possible AI emergence and the expected profound impact of such an event on the existential status of humanity. (shrink)

La producción de alternativas en el plano político y social implica además, la producción de alternativas en el plano simbólico, ya que estas dimensiones están íntimamente desarrolladas entre sí. En el caso de los piqueteros, esta preocupación está presente desde un principio, en el uso de los medios como mecanismo de visibilidad. Este trabajo representa una introducción al estudio del rol de los medios dentro de esta dinámica.

The paper analyses the meaning and implementation of the notion of sustainable development from the viewpoint of Henryk Skolimowski’s eco-philosophy. Skolimowski formulates a radical criticism of the Western civilisation with its dominating forms of rationality and the resulting technological implementations. In his opinion, this system is a source of imbalance both in the nature and social life of people in the global scale, which results in various types of civilizational crises. We will particularly pay attention to the theoretical proposals formulated (...) by Skolimowski in his The Genius of Light and Sacredness of Life. In this work he refers to Pierre Teilhard de Chardin’s vision of evolutionary philosophy, enriched with his own original philosophical ideas. Skolimowski particularly emphasises the emergence of the photosynthesis phenomenon, and subsequently logo- and theo-synthesis in evolution process. He claims that these are the forms of light condensation whose laws of development control our planet as well as the whole cosmos. The human species participates in this process taking part in the evolutionarily developing possibilities of transcendence and self-realisation. As Skolimowski suggests, the process of self-realisation and transcending should manifest the character of the conscious self-limitation of man in his relations and interactions with nature and society. The idea of cosmic ethics, of imperative character, developed by him is to serve this purpose. (shrink)

The sacred and the revolution Leszek Kołakowski and othersThe author examines the relationship between the sphere of the sacred and the phenomenon of the revolution. He points to the distinctiveness of Leszek Kołakowski’s position as compared to the views articulated by other representatives of the so-called Warsaw school of the history of ideas. He claims that Kołakowski’s philosophical programme, which takes into account the sacred and mythical dimension of the socio-political diagnoses, can help us to understand the Russian Revolution of (...) 1917 as well as other revolutionary movements and processes of the 20th century. He demonstrates that the sacred is an inherent aspect of the revolutionary mentality. Also, he argues that the ideologies which turned against religion in the name of the struggle with religious superstitions, in the end became quasi-religious. As a matter of fact, the revolutionary utopia may be perceived as a kind of crypto-religion involving such elements of the mythical thinking as a belief in the cognition of history, an assumption that the latter may be started anew, a belief in the possibility of the secular eschatology, etc. (shrink)

The strategic/terror bomber thought experiment is often employed in the contemporary debate on the principle of double effect (PDE). It is taken to show the intuitive appeal of PDE. In this paper, it is argued, however, that the thought experiment is used in a confused way. What is taken to be one thought experiments in fact is a series of subtly differing examples. Those differences, although subtle, bear on the applicability of these examples in the argumentation for PDE. The main (...) objectives of this paper are to provide a precise description and analysis of the variants of strategic/terror bomber thought experiments. The analysis shows that some variants are flawed mainly because of underdetermination of the cases by their descriptions and problems with rationality of the presented agents. This result seems to cast some new doubts on employment of the strategic/terror bomber thought experiment as an argumentative device supporting PDE. (shrink)

W artykule stawia się pytanie o rolę poznania symbolicznego w poznaniu filozoficznym. Punktem wyjścia jest analiza słynnej mowy Diotymy przytoczonej przez Sokratesa w Uczcie Platona. Zagadnienie przedstawia się w panoramicznym ujęciu od czasów antycznych do współczesnych.

In economic theory it is circumstances that dictate fashion. During the last quarter of the century, years marked by an unprecedented escalation of material production, economists of all persuasions, neoclassicals or Marxists, accorded an important place to theories of growth. Economic reductionism being fundamental, development was likened to growth, which tends to take pars pro toto and to ignore the difference between a necessary condition and a sufficient one. Suddenly economic theory, to which mechanical formalization would confer the appearance of (...) an almost scientific rigour, became a powerful argument for the ideology of growth. (shrink)