Geometric statements are expressions of natural language with descriptive meaning, since they refer to things such as triangles, and to their characteristics. It is shown, following statements by authors such as Carnap (Philosophical foundations of physics) that geometric meanings are not factual, but mathematical, so that it is not geometric theories that apply, but geometrically interpreted factual theories. Under the Euclidean paradigm, the object of study of geometry was space, but the theoretical pluralism that replaced it resulted in the creation (...) in the discipline of a new plural ontology according to which there are different spaces: Euclidean, hyperbolic and elliptic. Thus, geometrical knowledge no longer seems to be a knowledge of the universal (of universal characteristics of space), but of the particular: of individual spaces. If geometrical theories are mathematical, these questions constitute obstacles both to the thesis that mathematical knowledge is universal, and to the thesis that it is universally applicable. (shrink)

El artículo presenta, en primer lugar, la visión crítica del filósofo español José Luis L. Aranguren, sobre la democracia establecida en España y en el entorno occidental y su propuesta de una «democracia como moral». En segundo lugar, se aborda el papel que debería jugar, según Aranguren, una verdadera izquierda política en toda democracia y, a partir del concepto clave de heterodoxia –en este caso en cuanto des-identificación–, se abre una reflexión acerca del propio ser de la izquierda y de (...) las llamadas políticas de la identidad. Por último, a modo de conclusión, se apunta a un posible diálogo del pensamiento arangureniano con debates actuales sobre la democracia y dentro de la misma izquierda en torno a todas esas cuestiones identitarias. (shrink)

The marketplace has seen significant growth in the demand for ‘ethical’ behavior, and banks are seeking to leverage customers’ perception in order to build a sustainable competitive advantage. In consequence, the concepts of corporate social responsibility and corporate reputation are of vital concern for academics and managers in terms of their potential impact on customers. This study seeks to contribute to the literature by examining the mediating role of corporate reputation on the relationship between perceived corporate social responsibility and customer (...) loyalty. The study also takes into consideration the role played by bank type in the mediation effect. To achieve this aim, a study was performed comprising 572 personal surveys in the Basque Country. The results showed that corporate reputation partially mediated the relation between corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty. On the other hand, bank type is shown not to moderate the mediation effect. The results have important implications for practitioners wishing to manage their relations with customers. (shrink)

Este trabajo presenta y analiza dos posturas acerca de las representaciones y clasificaciones científicas que Ian Hacking en ¿La construcción social de qué? denomina realismo o estructurismo inherente y nominalismo. La primera sostiene que las divisiones del conocimiento científico expresan o reflejan divisiones estructurales de la realidad a la que se refieren, en tanto que la segunda considera que toda división o estructura atribuida por la ciencia a la realidad se encuentra sólo en las representaciones mismas. Se sostiene que tal (...) criterio clasificatorio resulta pertinente y fructífero para las discusiones actuales acerca de la naturaleza del conocimiento científico, que pone de relieve diversas cuestiones profundas e intensamente debatidas a lo largo de la historia de la filosofía, y que el empleo del término “nominalismo” –a pesar de su polisemia y de ser poco utilizado actualmente en la filosofía de la cienciaes acertado por cuanto la discusión es en gran medida semántica, ya que se basa en dos concepciones contrapuestas acerca de la naturaleza del lenguaje humano. (shrink)

The years 2016 and 2017 have been particularly prolific in the field of utopian studies. Spain alone has seen thirty items published since 2016 that were indexed as "utopian" by the Biblioteca Nacional de España, the database from which this article draws its data.1 As we will see, the concept of utopia has inspired researchers and artists from different areas in their production of knowledge and art, as well as in expanding the debate about the philosophical, economic, political, and social (...) issues of contemporary society to the general public. The idea of utopia has also inspired contemporary Spanish poets, namely, Iosu Moracho, who published La Utopia tiene los Pies Descalzos, and José... (shrink)