The immediate successors of Kant in classical German philosophy considered a subjectivity irreducible to objecthood as the core of personhood. The thesis of an irreducible subjectivity has, after the German idealists, been advocated by the phenomenological movement, as well as by analytical philosophers of self-consciousness such as Hector-Neri Castaneda and Sydney Shoemaker. Their arguments together show that self-consciousness cannot be reduced to a relation whereby a subject grasps itself as an object, but that there must be a core of subjectivity (...) always already familiar with itself before reflection. A number of contemporary accounts of self-consciousness are unaware of these old and new arguments, and flawed in that they do not account for the core 'non-objectal subjectivity' necessary for self-consciousness and. (shrink)

The paper outlines the analysis of certain question types in the Commitment Space framework, as presented in Krifka (2015). The two basic ideas are: Assertions and most questions involve commitments of speaker and addressee to the truth of a proposition, and questions consist in restricting the continuation of the conversation to answers to the question. The main focus is on breadth, not depth and the detailed comparison with alternative approaches, and on semantic modelling, not on the syntactic and prosodic realizations. (...) Topics are polar questions and their bias, alternative questions, constituent questions, high negation in questions, declarative questions, root vs. embedded questions, and deliberative questions. (shrink)

The work of the German philosopher Manfred Frank has profoundly affected the direction of the contemporary debate in many areas of philosophy and literary theory. This present collection, first published in 1998, brings together some of his most important essays, on subjects as diverse as Schleiermacher's hermeneutics, the status of the literary text, and the response to the work of Derrida and Lacan. Frank shows how the discussions of subjectivity in recent literary theory fail to take account of important (...) developments in German Idealist and Romantic philosophy. The prominence accorded language in literary theory and analytic philosophy, he claims, ignores key arguments inherited from Romantic hermeneutics, those which demonstrate that interpretation is an individual activity never finally governed by rules. Andrew Bowie's introduction situates Frank's work in the context of contemporary debates in philosophy and literary theory. (shrink)

Kleiner (Tübinger) Programmentwurf -- Zwei Jahrhunderte Rationalitäts-Kritik und die Sehnsucht nach einer "Neuen Mythologie" -- Aufklärung als analytische und synthetische Vernunft -- Metaphysik heute -- Die Wiederkehr des Subjekts in der heutigen deutschen Philosophie -- Politische Aspekte des neufranzösischen Denkens -- Philosophieren nach der "paranoisch-kritischen Methode " -- "Zerschwatzte Dichtung" vor "Realer Gegenwart" -- "Deutschland den Deutschen"? Nachdenken über "Volk", "Nation" und "Konstitution" aus aktuellem Anlass.

Name der Zeitschrift: Kant-Studien Jahrgang: 106 Heft: 2 Seiten: 286-325.

Dieser Band ist der dritte von drei Bänden kleiner Schriften Manfred Baums, die auch schwer zugängliche oder bisher unveröffentlichte Vorträge, Aufsätze und Artikel zur Geschichte der Philosophie versammeln. Er enthält Arbeiten zu Hegel und Hegel-verwandten Themen, sowie Untersuchungen zu Schelling, Hölderlin, Marx und Nietzsche in ihrer Beziehung zur hegelschen und kantschen Philosophie.

El artículo sitúa los sermones del norte de África sobre Perpetua y Felicidad en su contexto contemporáneo de dos formas. Primero, centrándose en el discurso sobre el martirio en general; después, mencionando las controversias teológicas regionales que pudieron haber dejado sus huellas en las interpretaciones de Agustín.

Der Artikel sucht eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der sogenannten Finalisierungsthese. Diese postuliert eine externe Steuerung der Wissenschaft, die "Indienstnahme" der "wissenschaftlichen" durch die "gesellschaftliche Praxis". Schon im Ansatz zeigt die Finalisierungsthese einige gravierende Mängel, die noch gravierender in ihren methodologischen Voraussetzungen - u.a. der Ablehnung der Kausalforschungsmethode - zum Ausdruck kommen. Bei näherer Analyse enthüllt sich die Finalisierungsthese als rein normatives Konzept, als der bloße Anspruch, Wissenschaft könne und solle extern gesteuert werden.

This work introduces two new curves that are multivariate generalizations of the “classical” Lorenz curve. All data of d-variate distributions can be visualized by drawing these curves in the plane, whereas Koshevoy’s and Mosler’s generalization by a lift zonoid in ℝd+1 can only be drawn for d = 2. The generalizations of the Lorenz curve induce partial orderings of d-variate distributions. Furthermore, two inequality or heterogeneity measures that are consistent with the induced rankings are proposed. They can be considered as (...) new generalizations of the univariate Gini coefficient. For deciding which of the two measures is more appropriate for measuring a sort of convergence concerning different countries of an union or of regions of a country, we establish systems of axioms. Although these systems are reflecting natural properties, several of the axioms are new. Moreover, by means of these axioms well- known inequality measures are tested, too. (shrink)

The unusual occurrence and developmental diversity of asexual eukaryotes remain a puzzle. De novo formation of a functioning asexual genome requires a unique assembly of sets of genes or gene states to disrupt cellular mechanisms of meiosis and gametogenesis, and to affect discrete components of sexuality and produce clonal or hemiclonal offspring. We highlight two usually overlooked but essential conditions to understand the molecular nature of clonal organisms, that is, a nonrecombinant genomic assemblage retaining modifiers of the sexual program, and (...) a complementation between altered reproductive components. These subtle conditions are the basis for physiologically viable and genetically balanced transitions between generations. Genomic and developmental evidence from asexual animals and plants indicates the lack of complementation of molecular changes in the sexual reproductive program is likely the main cause of asexuals' rarity, and can provide an explanatory frame for the developmental diversity and lability of developmental patterns in some asexuals as well as for the discordant time to extinction estimations. (shrink)

T. 1. Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Lessing, Herder, Goethe, Schiller.

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Größe und Grenzen der Philosophie Immanuel Kants" verfügbar.

En la Convención internacional sobre los Derechos del Niño, el concepto del interés superior del niño es uno de sus principios rectores. Para comprenderlo como referente y posible impulso de actuación de niñas y niños, el autor analiza este principio en conjunto con otro principio que igualmente queda establecido por la Convención: el principio de la evolución de las facultades. Para relacionarlo con la vida real de las niñas y los niños, el autor explica, más allá de sus aspectos legales, (...) diferentes formas de entender este principio. Con referencia al enfoque de las “capabilidades” (capabilty approach), f inalmente hace hincapié no sólo en las condiciones de la evolución y del reconocimiento de las capacidades de niñas y niños sino también en las condiciones de su realización. (shrink)